Encyclopedia: AFR...

Encyclopedia : A : AF : AFR (981 articles)

A-frame
A sawhorse, which is an A-frame structure. An A-frame is a basic structure designed to bear a load in a lightweight economical manner. The simplest form of an A-frame is two similarly sized materials laid up against one another, and attached at the top in a convenient fashion. These materials ..

A-F Records
A-F Records is an independent record label originated by the band Anti-Flag, based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. This label was created to help expose more political punk rock bands to a greater audience. They have formerly been distributed on Mordam, but moved to RedEye when Mordam was bought..

AFR
AFR is a three-letter abbreviation with multiple meanings, as described below: annualized failure rateThe Australian Financial ReviewAir-fuel ratio, a relative measure of air and fuel in internal combustion enginesThe ICAO designation for Air Franceaccident frequency rate, a measure of safety perfor..

AfraCityLink
AfraCityLink is an airline based in Accra in Ghana, currently operating domestic services and expanding onto West African routes. History AfraCityLink is the result of a co-operative agreement between Afra Airlines and CTK - CiTylinK to enable new services on domestic routes in Ghana and to open W..

Afraflacilla
Afraflacilla is a spider genus of the Salticidae family (jumping spiders). Species Afraflacilla antineae (Denis, 1954) (Algeria)Afraflacilla asorotica (Simon, 1890) (Saudi Arabia, Israel, Yemen)Afraflacilla bamakoi Berland & Millot, 1941 (Sudan)Afraflacilla berlandi Denis, 1955 (Libya)Afraflacill..

Afragola
Afragola (Neapolitan: Afravola) is an city of southern Italy. It is situated in Campania, in the province of Naples, between the territories corresponding to the ancient cities of Acerra and Atella. It's one of the 100 biggest Italian cities (the ones which have a population of more than 50,000 inha..

Afrah Shafquat
Afrah Shafquat (b. August 25 1990) of Karachi, Pakistan, has achieved success as a very young computer programmer. She has received many certifications and awards and it considered to be an inspirational hero in Pakistan in its efforts to develop an Information Technology industrial base. Informal..

Afraid (David Bowie song)
"Afraid" is a song written by David Bowie for the album Heathen in 2002. It was originally intended for the unreleased album Toy in 2001. Video footage of Mark Plati and Bowie recording the demo of the song is available on [BowieNet]. Live versions The song was played live on the Heathen..

Afraid of Sunlight (album)
Afraid of Sunlight is Marillion's eighth studio album, released in 1995. It would be their last for EMI. While not a concept album as such, Afraid of Sunlight examines the destructive side of celebrity. In particular, "Afraid of Sunlight" relates to the likes of James Dean, while "Out Of This Wor..

Aframomum melegueta
The term Grains of Paradise refers to a West African spice obtained from the plant Aframomum melegueta (Ginger family, Zingiberaceae) which gives pungent, peppery flavor. It is also known as Guinea pepper, Melegueta pepper, alligator pepper and Guinea grains. Aframomum melegueta is a herbaceous ..

Afram Plains District
Afram Plains District Region Eastern District type Ordinary District Chief Executive Solomon Yaw Fordjour Capital Donkorkrom Area 3,559 km² Population (2002) 135,926 ISO 3166 GH-EP-AP The Afram Plains District is a district of Ghana in the Eastern Region. Sources [Districts o..

Afram River
The Afram River is a 100km river in Ghana. Prior to the construction of the Akosombo Dam in the 1960s, the Afram was a principal tributary of the Volta River and today is an equally important tributary of Lake Volta. The river runs roughly in a southwesterly direction. ..

Afrana
Afrana is a genus of true frogs. Species Afrana amieti (Laurent, 1976).Afrana angolensis (Bocage, 1866).Afrana desaegeri (Laurent, 1972).Afrana dracomontana (Channing, 1978).Afrana fuscigula (Duméril & Bibron, 1841).Afrana inyangae (Poynton, 1966).Afrana johnstoni (Günther, 1894).Afrana ruwenzo..

Afrancesado
Afrancesado (pl. afrancesados; "Francophiles" or "turned-French") was the term used to denote Spanish and Portuguese partisans of Enlightenment ideas, Liberalism, or the French Revolution, who were supporters of the French occupation of Iberia and of the First French Empire. Contents 1 Sp..

Afrand
There are very few or no other articles that link to this one.Please help [[help:link|introduce links]] in articles on [related topics]. After links have been created, remove this message.This article has been tagged since June 2006. } Afrand is a Persian female name, which means splendi..

Afrânio Coutinho
Afrânio Coutinho(March 15, 1911 - August 5, 2000) was a Brazilian critic and essayist. He encouraged the rise of the "New Criticism" in Brazil of the 1950s. ..

Afrasiab
Afrasiab (Uzbek: , Turkish: , Persian: ), near Samarkand, Uzbekistan is both a historical city and its legendary founder. The person Afrasiab, is said to be king of all Turan is mentioned in Persia's classic epic, Ferdowsi's Shahnameh ('Book of Kings'), where the legendary hero-king battles a lege..

Afrasiab Khattak
Afrasiab Khattak is a former student leader, Pakistani politician, writer and prominent human rights activist. He has been the president of Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP), which is believed to be the largest human rights organisation in the country. Khattak hails from Karak in southern..

Afra Airlines
Afra Airlines was an airline established in Accra in Ghana in 2003. It was formed as a new consumer airline to be focused on providing efficient, low-cost air services to and from destinations within Ghana, Africa, Europe and North America. History Afra Airlines was awarded its Air Carriers licence..

Afra Mall
Afra Mall (Arabic: مركز عفراء التجاري translated as Afra Shopping Centre) is the first shopping mall in Sudan located in Khartoum. Opened on February 21, 2004, the mall has an area of 30,000 m² with an indoor and outdoor parking facility, as well as an outdoor children playground..

AFRC
AFRC can be an acronym for: Agricultural and Food Research CouncilAir Force Reserve CommandArmed Forces Revolutionary CouncilArmed Forces Recreation Center redirect[[Template:Disambig]]..

Afri-Cola
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Africa
For other uses, see (disambiguation)}}}. The name Africa came into Western use through the Romans, who used the name Africa terra — "land of the Afri" (plural, or "Afer" singular) — for the northern part of the continent, as the province of Africa with its capital Carthage, correspondi..

Africa's Blood
Africa's Blood is an album by The Upsetters, released in 1972. Track listing Side one "Do Your Thing" – Dave Barker"Dream Land""Long Sentence""Not Guilty""Cool And Easy""Well Dread Version 3" – Addis Ababa Children"My Girl"Side two "Saw Dust""Place Called Africa Version 3" – Winston Prince"..

Africa's Next Supermodel
Africas Next SuperModel is a reality television show organized by Beauties of Africa Inc which selects 16 Black and Beautiful; and African Models regardless of where they live and national origins, pits them against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win a modeling contrac..

Africa-Eurasia
Africa-Eurasia plus associated islands. Africa-Eurasia, or Afro-Eurasia, is a supercontinent and the world's largest landmass, containing around 85% of the human population. It is typically subdivided by the Suez Canal into the continents of Africa and Eurasia, the latter of which has been his..

Africa@home
Africa@home is a website for volunteer computing projects which allow your computer to contribute to African humanitarian causes. Africa@home is sponsored by the Geneva International Academic Network (GIAN), having received an initial grant of SFr 46,000. The Malaria Control Project (MCP) is a gri..

African-American grandmother
To meet Wikipedia's and make it more accessible to a general audience, this article may require [Cleanupcleanup].The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter.Please help Wikipedia by improving the introduction according to t..

African-Caribbean Leukaemia Trust
The African-Caribbean Leukaemia Trust is a charity that aims to raise awareness of leukaemia within the African Caribbean community in the United Kingdom. The trust was founded in the London Borough of Croydon in June 1996 by Beverley De Gale, the mother of Daniel De Gale, who was then suffering fr..

Africana
Africana is a catch-all term referring to history and culture of Africa and to materials chronicling these topics. Africana.com was also a web portal for the African Diaspora that was bought by AOL and later merged into AOL's Black Voices web portal service, effective January 31, 2005. It was found..

Africana Cultures and Policy Studies Institute
The Africana Cultures and Policy Studies Institute (ACPSI) is a professional organization that promotes an academic analysis of Africana cultures and policies under the rubric of various disciplines commonly referred to as Africana Studies, Black Studies, Africology, and other designations. This I..

Africando
Africando is a musical project formed in 1990 to unite New York-based salsa musicians with Senegalese vocalists. Subsequently, under the name Africando All Stars, musicians from other African countries were included. Salsa has been a hugely popular style in Central and West Africa since the 1940..

Africanis
The Africanis is a group of South African dogs not recognised as a breed. It is believed to be of ancient origin, directly descended from hounds and pariah dogs of ancient Africa, introduced into the Nile Valley from the Levant. The Swahili name for the breed is umbwa wa ki-shenzi meaning common or..

Africanism
Wikipedia does not currently have an encyclopedia article for . You may like to search Wiktionary for "[[Wiktionary:Special:Search/|]]" instead. To begin an article here, feel free to [http://encycl.opentopia.com/[not available] edit this page], but please do not create a mer..

Africanisms
Africanisms refers to charateristics of African culture and people that can be traced through societal practices and institutions of the African diaspora. A widely cited example is the Gullah language or Gullah dialect of the South Sea Islands off the United States' South Carolina and Georgia, whic..

Africanism All Stars
Africanism All Stars is a France based project consisting of the most well known DJs and mixers in France, who collaborate with African-based artists and acts. Among the artists involved include Bob Sinclar, David Guetta, Yves Larock, DJ Gregory, Malinga Five, Joachim Garraud, Tim Deluxe, KC Flight..

Africanist
Africanist may refer to: A specialist in African studiesAnti-apartheid activists during Apartheid in South Africa This is a [disambiguationdisambiguation] page: a list of articles associated with the same title. If an referred you to this page, you may wish to change the link to point di..

Africanization
This does not cite its [[Opentopia:Citing sources|references or sources]]. You can [[Opentopia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check|help]] Wikipedia by introducing appropriate citations. Africanization, as used in this article, refers to the modification of place names or personal names to better..

Africanized bee
Africanized honeybees (AHB), also known as “killer bees", are hybrids of the African honeybee, Apis mellifera adansonii (or by other reports A. mellifera scutellata), with various European honeybees such as the Italian bee Apis mellifera ligustica. The Africanized bees in the western hemispher..

Africanus
Africanus is a cognomen of ancient Rome associated with the gens Scipio, especially Scipio Major and his grandson (by adoption) Scipio Minor, who were major players in the Punic Wars against Carthage. It may also refer to Leo Africanus (1488–1554). ..

Africanus Horton
Africanus Horton (1835-1883), also known as James Beale, was a writer and folklorist from Sierra Leone. Africanus was born to Igbo parents near Freetown, Sierra Leone as James Horton; he later assumed the name of "Beale" after his grammar school headmaster and the name "Africanus." Due to the hars..

African (song)
African is a song by Peter Tosh from his 1977 album Equal Rights. The lyrics of the song have strong pan african leanings. In it Tosh says black people the world over have an African identity. the lyrics for the song are: Don't care where you come from As long as you're a black man You're an Afr..

African Academy of Languages
The African Academy of Languages (Fr.: Académie Africaine des Langues, or ACALAN) is a Pan-African organization founded in 2001 by Mali's then-president Alpha Oumar Konaré, under the auspices of the African Union, for the harmonization of Africa's many spoken languages. The first, and current, pre..

African Academy of Sciences
The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is an Africa-wide scientists organisation. It serves firstly to honour African scientists who have become internationally renowned through their efforts in their respective fields, and secondly to encourage the development of the research and technology base thr..

African Adventure
African Adventure is a 1963 children's book by the Canadian-born American author Willard Price featuring his characters Hal and Roger Hunt. ..

African aesthetic
The factual accuracy of this article is [Accuracy disputedisputed]. Please see the relevant discussion on the [ African Art in Motion by ..

African American
redirect [[Template:Sprotected]] The "Mississippi Freedom Summer" of 1964 brought thousands of idealistic youth, black and white, to the state to run "freedom schools," to teach basic literacy, history and civics. Other volunteers were involved in voter registration drives. The season was marked ..

African Americans and the G.I. Bill
Please [Glossary#Wwikify] (format) this article or section as suggested in the [Guide to layoutGuide to layout] and the [Manual of StyleManual of Style]. Remove this template after wikifying. This article has been tagged since May 2006. Due to the prevailing social ..

African Americans at Siege of Petersburg
A company of 4th USCT Infantry African Americans at Siege of Petersburg Contents 1 In Petersburg2 Serving the Confederacy3 Serving the Union: U.S. Colored Troops in the Siege4 At City Point5 External link In Petersburg At the beginning of the Civil War, Virginia had..

African Americans in the United States Congress
Joseph Rainey, first black member of the U.S. House of Representatives Since 1870 there have been 106 African American members of the United States Congress. This figure includes five non-voting members of the House of Representatives, representing the District of Columbia and the U.S. Virgin I..

African American art
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African American church
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African American Civil War Memorial
African American Civil War Memorial ..

African American contemporary issues
In many instances, when there are white children living within the areas served by failing schools, their families send them to higher-performing, out-of-boundary public schools, or to charter, magnet or private schools. Although a significant number of African-American children are served by belo..

African American culture
This does not cite its [[Opentopia:Citing sources|references or sources]]. You can [[Opentopia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check|help]] Wikipedia by introducing appropriate citations. ..

African American history
African American history is the history of an ethnic group in the United States also known as black Americans. The majority of African-Americans are the descendants of enslaved Africans transported from West and Central Africa to the States during the trans-Atlantic slave trade. Others have arrived ..

African American leftism
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African American literature
The Color Purple by Alice Walker African American literature is literature written by, about, and sometimes specifically for African Americans. The genre began during the 18th and 19th centuries with writers such as poet Phillis Wheatley and orator Frederick Douglass, reached an early high poi..

African American Lives
African American Lives is a PBS television show hosted by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. focusing on African American genealogical research. It aired in February 2006, and included research into the ancestral lineages of nine prominent African Americans: Gates, Whoopi Goldberg, Quincy Jones, Dr. Sarah Lawre..

African American Museum in Philadelphia
redirect[[Template:Portal]]The African American Museum in Philadelphia (AAMP) opened in 1976 in celebration of the Bicentennial of the United States. Located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, it was the first major museum in the country devoted specifically to African American history and traditions un..

African American music
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African American Musical Theater
Most believe that the history of black musical theatre begins with loud- laffin' negros who donned blackface makeup and baggy clothes and shuffled around stage eatin' chicken n watermelon. Many forget Clorindy, the Origin of the Cakewalk and A Trip to Coontown, in 1898 and think that the history o..

African American National Biography Project
The African American National Biography Project is a joint project of the W. E. B. Du Bois Institute for African and African American Research and Oxford University Press. Editors are Henry Louis Gates, Jr., and Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham. The object of the project is to publish and maintain a data..

African American studies
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African American Theme House
The African American Theme House is a student housing cooperative in Berkeley, California. It is part of the USCA coop system. External links [] at [USCA.org] ..

African American vernacular dance
African American vernacular dances are those dances which have developed within African American communities in everyday spaces, rather than in dance studios, schools or companies. African American vernacular dances are usually centered on social dance practice, though performance dance and concert ..

African American Vernacular English
This article uses the third. With non-stative verbs, the role of been is simple: it places the action in the distant past, or represents total completion of the action. A Standard English equivalent is to add "a long time ago". For example, She been told me that translates as, "She told me that a..

African anarchism
Part of the Politics series onAnarchism Traditions Anarcha-feminism Anarchist communism Anarcho-primitivism Anarcho-syndicalism Christian anarchism Collectivist anarchism Eco-anarchism Green anarchism Individualist anarchism Anarcho-capitalism(disputed) Anarchism in culture Anarchi..

African archaeology
The continent of Africa has the longest record of human activity of any part of the world and along with its geographical extent, it contains an enormous archaeological resource. Scholars have studied Egyptology for centuries but archaeologists have only paid serious attention to the rest of the con..

African armyworm
The African armyworm (Spodoptera exempata), also sometimes called okalombo or Kommandowurm or nutgrass armyworm, is an African moth. It is a very deleterious pest, capable of destroying entire crops in a matter of weeks. The ivory eggs of the African armyworm are laid in clusters on leaves, usual..

African arowana
The African arowana (Heterotis niloticus) is one of seven members of the arowana family that is rarely imported for the home aquarist. The only plankton-feeding osteoglossid, in captivity it is known to be willing to accept dry, floating pellets on a regular basis and, in fact, sometimes does not ..

African art
Makonde carving c.1974 A sculpture in ebony. African art is any form of art or material culture that originates from the continent of Africa. This article discusses primarily visual art; for information on African music, see Music of Africa. The arts and material culture of the Af..

African Autonomist Movement
African Autonomist Movement (in French: Mouvement Autonomiste Africain) was a political party in French West Africa, led by Amadou Ba. It was formed after the fall of the Vichy regime. Reference Zuccarelli, François. La vie politique sénégalaise (1940-1988). Paris: CHEAM, 1988. ..

African Banking Corporation
African Banking Corporation was a British Overseas Bank, that is, it had a headquarters in London but all its branches were overseas. Unusually, it was a consortium bank (i.e., other banks jointly owned it), rather than being owned by individuals. It operated primarily in South Africa. In 1890 Llo..

African Baptist Assembly of Malawi, Inc.
The African Baptist Assembly of Malawi, Inc. is the oldest continuously existing Baptist organization in the Republic of Malawi, with roots in the earliest mission work of Joseph Booth (1892) and is a successor to the Providence Baptist Mission (1900). In 1891, the British government established th..

African beer
African beer refers to beer made in Africa. It can refer to beer brewed by indigenous local tribes or people of certain geographic areas in Africa or to commercially produced brands of beer in Africa. Contents 1 Indigenous beers2 Commercial beers2.1 Southern Africa2.2 Eastern..

African birdseye
Heat : Very Hot (SR: 50,000-175,000) African birdseye (or African devil or African red devil) is a cultivar of the chili pepper that grows both wild and domesticated. It is a small and extremely spicy member of the capsicum plant genus. The plants are usually very bushy and grow in height..

African Blackwood
African Blackwood or Mpingo (Dalbergia melanoxylon) is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to seasonally dry regions of Africa from Senegal east to Eritrea and south to the Transvaal in South Africa. It is a small tree, reaching 4-15 m tall, with grey bark and spiny shoots. The leav..

African Black Duck
The African Black Duck (Anas sparsa) is a species of duck of the genus Anas. The Anas sparsa is an entirely black duck with only two marks on its back. It lives in central and southern Africa.It is also known as the African black duck, black duck, black river duck, West African black duck, South ..

African Black Oystercatcher
The African Black Oystercatcher, Haematopus moquini, is a large wader which is a resident breeder on the rocky coasts and islands of southern Africa. This oystercatcher has a population of less than 5,000 adults. The African Black Oystercatcher is a large and noisy plover-like bird, with complet..

African Blood Brotherhood
The African Blood Brotherhood (ABB) was a radical black liberation organization of the early 20th century which developed ties to the Communist Party. The group was a propaganda organization built on the model of the secret fraternity, organized in "posts" with a centralized national organization ba..

African British
African British is a term used to describe the community previously described as Afro-Caribbean, Black British, UK Black, Coloured and Black. It embraces all British nationals with antecedents originating directly from Africa or indirectly via African diasporic communities, such as those in the Cari..

African Brush-tailed Porcupine
The African Brush-Tailed Porcupine (Atherurus africanus) is a species of rat-like Old World porcupine called "brush-tailed porcupines". The brush-tailed porcupines live in forests, usually at high elevations. They are nocturnal and during the day they sleep in caves and burrows. The brush-tailed p..

African Buffalo
The African Buffalo or Cape Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a bovid from the family of the Bovidae. It is up to 1.7 meters high, 3.4 meters long, and can reach a weight of 900 kilograms. An African Buffalo Bull. The Cape Buffalo is not closely related to the Asian Water Buffalo, but its ancestry..

African Burial Ground National Monument
African Burial Ground National Monument ..

African Bush Elephant
The African Bush Elephant (Loxodonta africana) is the better-known and larger of the two species of African elephants. Both it and the African Forest Elephant were previously classified as a single species, known simply as the African Elephant. It is also known as the Bush Elephant or Savanna Elep..

African campaigns of World War II
There were several separate African campaigns during World War II. Allied forces fought Axis forces, between 1940 and 1943, both on the African mainland and in nearby waters and islands. These campaigns are linked simply by the fact of their location in or near Africa. Naval conflict was the first ..

African Central Bank
The African Central Bank (ACB) is one of the three financial institutions of the African Union. It will over time take over responsibilites of the African Monetary Fund. The creation of the ACB, to be completed by 2028 was first agreed upon in the 1991 Abuja Treaty. The 1999 Sirte Declaration calle..

African Century
The African Century is a term that has a variety of meanings. First, the term expresses the belief that the 21st century will bring peace, prosperity and cultural revival to the African continent, or is used to draw attention to the need of such an evolution. It is used in this way by among others T..

African characters in comics
Characters native to the African continent have been depicted in comics since the beginnings of the modern comic strip. Initially, such early 20th-century newspaper comics as Winsor McCay's Little Nemo depicted the racist stereotype of a spear-carrying cannibal, a comedic convention of the time. Afr..

African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (also known as the Banjul Charter) is an international human rights instrument that seeks to promote and protect human rights and basic freedoms in the African continent. It emerged under the aegis of the Organisation of African Unity (since replace..

African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child was adopted by the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) in 1990. The Charter defines a "child" as a human being below the age of 18 years. It recognises the child's unique and privileged place in African society and that African children ne..

African cherry orange
The African cherry orange Citropsis schweinfurthii (Engl.), also known as the West African cherry orange Citropsis articulata (Willd.)[link] or Uganda cherry orange is a small citrus fruit about the size of a tangerine, native to Africa and used primarily for eating and in African tradi..

African Children's Choir
The African Children's Choir is a large choir made up of children ages 7 to 11 from several African nations. The choir has included children from Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, and the nKomazi region in South Africa. Many of the children have lost one or both parents to AIDS and other poverty-related dise..

African Christian Democratic Party
The African Christian Democratic Party is a political party in South Africa . It was founded in 1993 and claims to represent "Bible believing Christians" and "those who have a high regard for moral values". As such the party concentrates mostly on "moral" issues such as abortion, homosexuality and..

African cinema
AFRICAN CINEMA Cinema of Burkina FasoCinema of NigeriaCinema of South Africa The term African cinema usually refers to the film production in countries south of the Sahara since they gained formal independence, which for many countries happened in the 1960s. Some of the countries which ..

African Civet
The African Civet is a common viverrid that ranges across tropical Africa. Unlike many other members of the family, which resemble cats, the African Civet resembles a short dog-like animal. Its coarse coat varies but is usually an ornate pattern of black and white contrasting bands and blotches, w..

African clawed frog
The African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis, also known as platanna) is a species of South African aquatic frog of the genus Xenopus. It is up to 12 cm long with a flattened head and body but no tongue. Its name derives from its three short claws on each of its hind feet, which it probably uses to sti..

African code
The African code is a ethos which governs progressive African organizations. The African Code is the fundamental intersection of common cultural ideas and ideals, which serve as the fundamental bases of global African organizational unity for progressive action. It has been translated into over 30 A..

African Collared Dove
The African Collared Dove (Streptopelia roseogrisea) is a small dove found in Africa in the arid region south of the Sahara. Its range extends in a band right across the continent, and into southern Arabia. Although it lives in arid lands, it is found around water sources. This bird is typically..

African Commission
The Commission of the African Union acts as the executive/administrative branch or secretariat of the AU (and is somewhat analogous to the European Commission). It consists of a number of Commissoners dealing with different areas of policy. The Commission is headquartered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia...

African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights
The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR) is a supranational body tasked with promoting and protecting human rights and collective (peoples') rights throughout the African continent. It was originally an agency of the Organisation of African Unity, but following the June 2002 tr..

African Conservation Foundation
The African Conservation Foundation is working towards the protection and conservation of Africa's endangered wildlife and their habitats. Founded in 1999, ACF fills a unique niche by creating an Africa-wide network for information exchange and capacity building of conservation efforts in the region..

African Contingency Operations Training and Assistance
The African Contingency Operations Training and Assistance (ACOTA) program, formerly the African Crisis Response Initiative (ACRI), is a United States program to train military trainers and equip African national militaries to conduct peace support operations and humanitarian relief. The ACOTA pr..

African Convention
African Convention (in French: Convention Africaine) was a political party in French West Africa. The CA was formed at a meeting in Dakar on January 11 1957. The CA constisted of the Senegalese Popular Bloc (BPS) of Léopold Sédar Senghor, the African Popular Movement of Nazi Boni in Upper Volta a..

African Corkwood
The African Corkwood Tree (Musanga cecropioides), also known as the Umbrella tree, is found in Africa from Sierra Leone to Angola and eastward to Uganda. It is typical in secondary forests. This tree is also known as Parasolier, N'Govoge, Doe, Umbrella Tree, kombo-kombo, musanga, musanda and Govw..

African Court of Justice
The African Court of Justice will at some point in the future be merged with the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights and be the African Union's legal organ. The seat of the Court will be situated in Eastern Africa. Kenya, Uganda and Mauritius have expressed interest in hosting the court. ..

African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
The African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights will merge with the African Court of Justice in the future, it will be situated in Eastern Africa and will rule on human rights abuses under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and under general international human rights law, currently, th..

African Cricket Association
The African Cricket Association is an international body which oversees cricket in African countries. The ACA was founded in 1997, and has 20 member countries. ACA member nations } } } } } } } } } } } } } } } } } } } } ..

African Cup of Champions Clubs
The African Cup of Champions Clubs was a pan-African soccer tournament which ran from 1964-1996. It was replaced by the CAF Champions League in 1997. Winners 1964 - Oryx Douala (CAM)1965 - not held1966 - Stade Abidjan (CIV)1967 - TP Englebert (COD)1968 - TP Englebert (COD)1969 - Al-Ismaily (EGY)197..

African Cup of Nations
The African Cup of Nations is the main international football competition for CAF nations. It has been held every two years with some irregular intervals. In the first African Cup of Nations in 1957, there were only three participating nations: Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia (South Africa was to compete..

African Cup Winners' Cup
The African Cup Winners' Cup is a football competition that started in 1975 and merged with the CAF Cup in 2004 to form the CAF Confederation Cup. It was a competition between the winning clubs of national competitions in CAF-affiliated nations. Winners *1975: Tonnerre Yaoundé *1976: Shooting St..

African D
African D (Ɖ, ɖ) is a Latin letter representing the voiced retroflex plosive [ɖ]. Its lower-case form is also used to represent this sound in the International Phonetic Alphabet. On computers, it is represented by the Unicode code points U+0189 (LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AFRICAN D) and U+..

African dance
The term African dance referrs mainly to the dances of subsaharan Africa. The music and dances of northern Africa and the Sahara are generally more closely connected to those of the Near East. Also the dances of immigrants of European and Asian descent (e.g. in South Africa) are not covered by this ..

African Darter
The African Darter (Anhinga rufa ), sometimes called the Snakebird, is a water bird of tropical sub-Saharan Africa. This species builds a stick nest in a tree and lays 3-6 eggs. It often nests with herons, egrets and cormorants. It is a cormorant-like fish-eating species with a very long neck w..

African Democratic Rally
The African Democratic Rally (French: Rassemblement Démocratique Africain) was a political party in French West Africa, led by Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Founded in Bamako in 1946, the RDA quickly became one of the most important forces for independence in the region. Initially a Pan-Africanist mo..

African Democratic Rally (Burkina)
The African Democratic Rally (Rassemblement Démocratique Africain) is a political party in Burkina Faso. It was originally known as the Voltaic Democratic Union-African Democratic Rally (UDV-RDA) and was formed in 1957 as the Voltaic section of the African Democratic Rally (RDA). Soon after Inde..

African Development Bank
The African Development Bank (ADB) is a development bank established in 1964 with the intention of promoting economic and social development in Africa. It is a conglomeration of the African Development Bank (ADB), the African Development Fund (ADF), and the Nigeria Trust Fund (NTF). Forty years to..

African Development Foundation
The African Development Foundation (ADF) is an independent United States Government agency and corporation that provides African-owned small enterprises in sub-Saharan Africa with investment capital to expand their production; develop new, high-value products; achieve profitability and sustainabilit..

African Development Fund
The African Development Fund was established in 1972 following an agreement between the African Development Bank and certain non-regional member countries to provide loans on concessional terms to less developed regional member countries. Resources of the African Development Fund are made available ..

African Development Movement
The African Development Movement (French: Mouvement Africain de Développement) is a political party in Gabon. At the last legislative elections, 9 December 2001, the party won 1 out of 120 seats. ..

African diaspora
The African diaspora or Afro diaspora is the diaspora created by the movements and culture of Africans and their descendants throughout the world, to places such as the Americas, (including the United States, Canada, the Caribbean, Central America, and South America) Europe and Asia. The majority ..

African dwarf frog
African dwarf frogs of genus Hymenochirus, also known as dwarf aquatic frogs (ADF or DAF for short), are frogs native to Sub Saharan Africa. They are members of Family Pipidae. They are entirely aquatic though they do break the water surface as they are air breathers. They are nearly blind at c..

African Easterly Jet
The African easterly jet is a region of the lower troposphere over West Africa where the seasonal mean wind speed is maximum and easterly. The jet develops because heating of the West African land mass during the Northern Hemisphere summer creates a surface temperature and moisture gradient from th..

African Economic Community
The member states of the African Union are mounting efforts to collaborate economically, but they are impeded by the civil wars raging in several parts of Africa. The African Union provides greater powers to govern African economies. The stated goals include the creation of free trade areas, cust..

African Express Airways
African Express Airways is an airline based in Nairobi, Kenya. It operates domestic and international passenger services. Its main base is Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, Nairobi. Contents 1 Code Data2 History3 Services4 Fleet Code Data IATA Code: XUICAO Code: AXKCallsi..

African fat-tailed gecko
Hemitheconyx caudicinctus, commonly known as the African Fat-tailed Gecko, is a nocturnal, ground-dwelling gecko. The Fat-tailed gecko is from the subfamily Eublepharinae. Members of this subfamily include the banded geckos of North America and the leopard gecko of Pakistan. This subfamily has..

African Fiesta
African Fiesta was a Congolese soukous group started by Tabu Ley Rochereau and Dr. Nico Kasanda in 1963. Tabu Ley and Dr. Nico elevated African Fiesta to the forefront of Congolese dance music during the 1960s. African Fiesta represented the vision of Tabu Ley, who had spent the previous four years ..

African Finfoot
The African Finfoot, (Podica senegalensis), is an aquatic bird from the rivers and lakes of western, central and southern Africa. Like the rest of the family, the Masked Finfoot and the Sungrebe, the relationship to other birds is poorly understood. Contents 1 Description2 Habits and..

African Fish Eagle
The African Fish Eagle, Haliaeetus vocifer, is a large species of eagle and a bird of prey. African fish eagles are large birds, and the females are often larger than the males. Males usually have a wingspan of about 6 feet, while females have wingspans upwards of 8 feet. They are very distinc..

African Foam-nest Tree Frog
The African Foam-nest Tree Frog (Chiromantis rufescens) is a frog that lives in the tropical rainforests of Central Africa. Its upper body is a brownish color, tinged rust, and it has small dark spots around its head and pelvis. The frog lives in trees, and builds its nest on branches overhanging w..

African Footballer of the Year
The African Footballer of the Year, presented to the best African football (soccer) player, has been given out by the Confederation of African Football since 1992. A different African Footballer of the Year award was given out between 1970 and 1994 by France Football magazine. Winners 1992 - Abédi..

African Forest Elephant
Until recently, it was thought that the so-called African Forest Elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) was simply a subspecies of the African Bush Elephant (Loxodonta africana). DNA testing has now shown that there are in fact three extant elephant species: the two African types (formerly considered to be..

African French
French in Africa is present and spoken by many people. A great number of states in the continent of Africa speak the French language with local specificities. French arrived in Africa with colonization from France and Belgium. Africans are now an important part of la Francophonie. African countries..

African giant squirrel
African Giant Squirrels (genus Protoxerus) form a taxon of squirrels under the subfamily Sciurinae. They are only found in Africa. There are two species of African giant squirrels: Slender-tailed Squirrel, Protoxerus aubinniiForest Giant Squirrel or Stanger's Squirrel, Protoxerus stangeri ..

African Golden Cat
The African Golden Cat (Profelis aurata) is a medium-sized wild cat distributed over the rainforests of West and Central Africa. It is about 80 cm long, plus 30 cm tail. Contents 1 Physical attributes2 Behavior3 Subspecies4 References Physical attributes The colour of the f..

African Golden Oriole
The African Golden Oriole (Oriolus auratus) is a member of the oriole family of passerine birds which is a resident breeder in Africa south of the Sahara. It is a bird of thick bush and other well-wooded areas. The hanging basket-shaped nest is built in a tree, and contains two eggs. The food is ..

African Great Lakes
The Great Lakes and the East African coastline as seen from space. The Indian Ocean can be seen to the right. The Great Lakes of Africa are a series of lakes in and around the Great Rift Valley. They include Lake Victoria, the second largest fresh water lake in the world in terms of surface..

African Grey Hornbill
Distribution of African Grey Hornbill The African Grey Hornbill, Tockus nasutus, is a hornbill. Hornbills are a family of tropical near-passerine birds found in the Old World. The African Grey Hornbill is a widespread and common resident breeder in much of sub-Saharan Africa and into Arabia...

African Grey Parrot
The African Grey Parrot is a medium-sized parrot of the genus Psittacus, native to Africa. As the name implies, they are predominantly grey, with accents of white. Some of their feathers are very dark grey and others are a lighter grey colour. They have red or maroon tails depending on the subspe..

African ground squirrel
African ground squirrels (genus Xerus) form a taxon of squirrels under the subfamily Xerinae. They are only found in Africa. There are four species of African ground squirrels: Striped Ground Squirrel, Xerus erythropusCape Ground Squirrel, Xerus inauris (also: South African Ground Squirrel)Damara..

African Grove
The African Grove was a theater founded and operated by African Americans in New York City in 1821, a full six years before enslavement of blacks was outlawed in New York state. Among its stars was Ira Aldridge. For several years, the African Company—the company of the African Grove—pl..

African Growth and Opportunity Act
In May 2000, the U.S. Congress approved legislation known as the African Growth and Opportunity Act, or AGOA (Title I, Trade and Development Act of 2000; P.L. 106-200). The purpose of this legislation was to assist the economies of sub-Saharan Africa and to improve economic relations between the Un..

African Guitar Summit
African Guitar Summit is a group of Canadian guitar players, all of African origin. Assembled together for three days in Toronto, under the auspices of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation they produced a self-titled album which was released in November 2004. The group also toured a live show, inc..

African Handball Nations Championship
The African Handball Nations Championship is the official competition for senior men's national handball teams of Africa, and takes place every two years. In addition to crowning the African champions, the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the World Championship. Medal summary..

African Hawk Eagle
The African Hawk Eagle (Aquila spilogaster) is a large bird of prey. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. African Hawk Eagle breeds in tropical Africa south of the Sahara. It is a bird of wooded hills, which builds a stick nest about 3 feet in diameter in the fork of a large tr..

African Hebrew Israelite Nation of Jerusalem
This article is unrelated to Beta Israel, Jews from Ethiopia. ..

African helmeted turtle
The African helmeted turtle, also known as the Marsh Terrapin, is a small turtle (6 to 7 inches as an adult) withan olive-green or brown carapace (shell). The tops of the tail and limbs are a grayish brown, while the underside is yellowish. The male turtle is distinguished by its long, thick ..

African hemiola style
African hemiola style is a music rhythm common in Africa. A hemiola involves two bars in triple time (3/2 or 3/4 for example) played as if they were three bars in duple time (2/2 or 2/4). The interplay of two groups of three notes with two groups of two notes gives a distinctive pattern of 1-2-3,..

African Herbsman
African Herbsman is a compilation of Bob Marley & The Wailers songs, released by Trojan Records in 1973, shortly after their major-label debut album Catch a Fire had been released by Island Records. This album is a collection of some of the songs that The Wailers recorded in Jamaica together with..

African hip hop
Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence. The first hip hop group from Africa was Black Noise, a group from Cape Town, South Africa. They began as a graffiti and breakdance crew until they started emceeing around 1989. The government of Sout..

African holocaust
AFRICAN HOLOCAUST (MAAFA) See Maafa for more information The word Holocaust is not exclusive to anyone group of people, as it implies only one group of people have ever suffered. Thus it is now political correct to refer to the African Holocaust, the Jewish Holocaust, the Native American Holocaus..

African Horse sickness
African horse sickness (AHS) is a highly infectious, and deadly disease. It commonly affects horses, mules, donkeys and zebras. It is caused by Viscerotropic virus of the genus Orbivirus belonging to the family Reoviridae. This disease can be caused by any of the nine serotypes of this virus. This d..

African House Snake
There are very few or no other articles that link to this one.Please help [[help:link|introduce links]] in articles on [related topics]. After links have been created, remove this message.This article has been tagged since June 2006. } The African House Snake, also known as the "Brown ho..

African immigration to Puerto Rico
Unlike other immigrations, the majority of the African immigration to Puerto Rico was a result of the slave trade. They came from various points of Africa to build fortifications and work the fields. They suffered many hardships but, many were eventually allowed to earn or buy their freedom as a ..

African Independence Party
African Independence Party (in French: Parti Africain de l'Indépendance) a communist party in French West Africa (AOF). PAI was founded in Thiès, Senegal in 1957. Later as AOF was dissolved into independent countries the local PAI sections became independent parties, often keeping the name PAI. I..

African Independence Party-Renewal
PAI flag African Independence Party (in French: Parti Africain de l'Indépendance) is a political party in Senegal led by Majhmoud Diop. At the 1972 congress of the original African Independence Party in Senegal, the former general secretary, Majhmoud Diop, was expelled. In 1976, in the cont..

African Independence Party (Burkina Faso)
African Independence Party (French: Parti Africain de l’Indépendance) is a political party in Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta), led by Philippe Ouédraogo. It was a part of the Pan-african communist African Independence Party (PAI), which established its branch in Upper Volta in 1963. In 197..

African Independence Party (Touré)
The African Independence Party (French: Parti Africain de l’Indépendance) is a political party in Burkina Faso, led by Soumane Touré. It was formed in 1999 when Touré broke away from the original PAI. Touré's PAI joined the government and obtained the legal recognition to the name PAI. At t..

African Initiated Church
An African Initiated Church is an independent church or religious movement which demonstrates syncretism or partial integration between aspects of Christian belief and African culture. Often these churches have resulted from a process of acculturation between traditional African beliefs and Protest..

African Institute for Mathematical Sciences
The African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIMS) is an educational institute in Muizenberg, South Africa, established in 2003. Students from all over Africa come to Muizenberg to complete a postgraduate diploma. Many of them continue to a Master's degree in science at a South African Universit..

African Institute of Mathematical Sciences
There are very few or no other articles that link to this one.Please help [[help:link|introduce links]] in articles on [related topics]. After links have been created, remove this message.This article has been tagged since June 2006. } The African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIM..

African International Airways
African International Airways is an all-cargo airline based in Crawley, Sussex, United Kingdom. It specialises in providing supplementary contract aircraft capacity to scheduled carriers. Its main bases are Kent International Airport, United Kingdom, Johannesburg International Airport, South Africa,..

African Investment Bank
The African Investment Bank is one of three financial institutions of the African Union along with the African Monetary Fund and the African Central Bank. It will be headquartered in Libya. ..

African iron overload
African iron overload, formerly known as Bantu siderosis, is an iron overload disorder first observed among people of African descent in Southern Africa. Originally, this was blamed on ungalvanised barrels used to store home-made beer, which led to increased oxidation and increased iron levels in th..

African Jacana
The African Jacana (Actophilornis africana) is a jacana. The jacanas are a group of waders in the family Charadriidae, which are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. They are found worldw..

African Jazz
This is an article about a music band. For information on jazz from Africa, see African jazz (music). Grand Kalle & l'African Jazz was perhaps the first full-time, professional band in what was then called Belgian Congo, now Democratic Republic of the Congo). It was founded by Joseph Kabasele Tsha..

African Jew
Due to previous , editing of this by anonymous or newly registered users is disabled (see [semi-protection policysemi-protection policy]). Such users may discuss changes, [Requests for page protection#Current requests for unprotectionrequest unprotection], or . Part of a ..

African Journal of AIDS Research
The African Journal of AIDS Research (ISSN 1608-5906) is a scientific journal published by NISC for refereed papers and research notes on topics related to AIDS in Africa. See also List of scientific journals External links [AJAR at African Journals On-Line] ..

African kestrel
There are four kestrel species endemic to mainland Africa, and two also found elsewhere. The Common Kestrel, Falco tinnunculus, is found over much of mainland Africa away from desert and forest regions. Common Kestrels sometimes migrate but not over particularly long distances (eg central Europe ..

African Lakes
The African Lakes Corporation plc (ALC) is a British company which operates businesses in Africa. It is often referred to as just "African Lakes". The company was originally established as the Livingstonia Central Africa Company in 1877-78, headquartered in Glasgow and managed by John Moir and Fre..

African languages
Map showing the distribution of African language families and some major African languages. Afro-Asiatic extends from the Sahel to Southwest Asia. Niger-Congo is divided to show the size of the Bantu sub-family. In many African countries there are several official languages There are an ..

African Leopard
The African leopard is the most common leopard with the least conservation concern. Contents 1 Physical Description2 General Information3 Diet and Hunting4 Habitat Physical Description The African leopard has an elongated body with relatively short, stocky legs. They have ..

African Leopards
The African Leopards are a African rugby union representitive team, organised by the Confederation of African Rugby (CAR). The side will play an important role in promoting rugby in Africa. The Leopards are the first ever Pan-African representative rugby union team. Contents 1 History2 ..

African Liberation Day
African Liberation Day on May 25 is an annual holiday in various countries in Africa, coinciding with African Union's Africa Day. History On April 15 1958, in the city of Accra, Ghana, African leaders and political activists gathered at the first Conference of Independent African States. It was att..

African Lion Safari
African Lion Safari is a safari park on the northern outskirts of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, near Cambridge, about 80 km west of Toronto. The park features more than 1,000 animals representing at least 130 species, including Asian elephants, peregrine falcons, cheetahs, striped hyenas, African lion..

African literature
African literature generally refers to the novels, short stories, and poetry written by African writers during the 20th century. Most of this output belongs to the broader class of postcolonial literature. The term "African literature" may also include the oral literary traditions of precolonial Afr..

African Mahogany
African Mahogany is the common name for at least two types of trees: genus Khaya of the family Meliaceaegenus Afzelia of the family Fabaceae (legumes) This is a [disambiguationdisambiguation] page: a list of articles associated with the same title. If an referred you to this page, you ma..

African Manatee
The African Manatee (Trichechus senegalensis) is a species of manatee, and is the least studied of the four species of sirenians. Photos of African Manatees are very rare; although very little is known about this species, scientists think they are similar to the West Indian Manatees. They are found..

African Mathematical Union
The African Mathematical Union (AMU) or Union Mathematique Africaine (UMA) is an African organization dedicated to the development of mathematics in Africa. It was founded in 1976 in Rabat, Morocco during the first Pan-African conference of Mathematicians. The AMU publishes the journal Africa Mate..

African Medical and Research Foundation
African Medical and Research Foundation (AMREF) is a non-governmental organisation working in Africa to relieve poverty through health development. It is based in Nairobi, Kenya. External links [AMREF website] ..

African Meeting House
The African Meeting House was built in 1806 and is now the oldest black church edifice still standing in the United States. It is located in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. Before 1805, although black Bostonians could attend white churches, they generally faced discrimination...

African Methodist Episcopal Church
Part of a of articles onChristianity History of Christianity Timeline of Christianity The Apostles Ecumenical councils Great Schism The Crusades Reformation The Trinity God the Father God the Son (Jesus Christ) God the Holy Spirit The Bible Old Testament · LXX ..

African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
The African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, or AME Zion Church, was officially formed in 1821, but operated for a number years before then. The church can be traced back to the John Street Methodist Church of New York City. Following acts of overt discrimination (such as black parishoners being f..

African Military Cup
The African Military Cup is a football competition for national military teams in Africa. It is organized by OSMA (Organisation du Sport Militaire en Afrique), a branch of the International Military Sports Council. In French-speaking countries it is also known as CAMFOOT (Coupe d'Afrique de Football..

African Monetary Fund
The Africa Monetary Fund will be an African Union financial institution, though in time it's responsibilities will be transferred to the African Central Bank. ..

African mottled eel
The African mottled eel is a species of eel in the genus Anguilla of the family Anguillidae. Showing the typical characteristics of the Anguillidae, this species grows to 1.75 m and as much as 20 kg. The adult diet consists of crabs, frogs and insects as well as fish."[Anguilla beng..

African Mourning Dove
The African Mourning Dove (Streptopelia decipiens) is a pigeon which is a widespread resident breeding bird in Africa south of the Sahara. Despite its name, it is not a close relative of the American Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura. This species is common or abundant near water. It builds a stick..

African Movement for Development and Progress
The African Movement for Development and Progress (French: Mouvement africain pour la dévelloppement et le progrès) is a political party in Benin. At the last legislative elections, 30 March 2003, the party was member of the Presidential Movement, the alliance of supporters of Mathieu Kérékou,..

African Movement of Working Children and Youth
African Movement of Working Children and Youth (AMWCY) is a labour organization that tries to support the rights of African child workers. AMWCY was founded 1994 in Dakar, Senegal and in a meeting in Côte d'Ivoire. When western governments try to alleviate child labor by banning it, AMWCY tries to..

African Muslim Agency
The African Muslim Agency is a primarily Kuwait-sponsored aid organization based in Luanda, Angola. The agency, however, has established itself in much of Africa, including Sierra Leone, Mali, Mozambique, Madagascar, Zimbabwe, Angola, the Gambia and particularly South Africa. According to one group,..

African nationalism
African nationalism is the nationalist political movement for one united Africa, or the lesser goal of the recognition of African tribes by establishing their own state and preservation of their native cultures. Organizations like the Aborigines' Rights Protection Society in the Gold Coast (founded ..

African Nationalist Movement
African Nationalist Movement (in French: Mouvement Nationalist Africain) was a political party in French West Africa, led by Pierre Diagne. It was formed after the fall of the Vichy regime. Source: Zuccarelli, François. La vie politique sénégalaise (1940-1988). Paris: CHEAM, 1988. ..

African National Congress
African National Congress Leader Thabo Mbeki See also Henri CurielAfrica Hinterland (Arms smuggling operation) External links [African National Congress] official site[Response by the ANC General Secretary to COSATU's assessment, 2004]["Today it feels good ..

African National Congress Youth League
The African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) is the youth wing of the African National Congress. Its foundation in 1944 by Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and Oliver Tambo marked the rise of a new generation of leadership of South Africa's black African population. It developed a manifesto in 19..

African Night Flight
"African Night Flight" is a song written by David Bowie and Brian Eno in 1979 for the album Lodger. It is a surreal and exuberant tribute to the music and culture of the veldt. Musicians on this song: David Bowie: Piano, VocalsDennis Davis: PercussionGeorge Murray: BassCarlos Alomar: GuitarSean May..