Encyclopedia : O : OP : OPT (551 articles)

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Opt
Opt can mean: /opt, a directory in the Filesystem Hierarchy Standardounce per tonne, used (often in mining) to indicate the amount of a substance in a sample. Example: "0.24 opt gold" indicates that every ton of mined material contains 0.24 ounces gold. This is a [disambiguationdisambiguation..
Opt-in e-mail advertising
Opt-in e-mail advertising or permission marketing is a method of advertising by electronic mail wherein the recipient of the advertisement has consented to receive it. It is one of several ways developed by marketers to eliminate the disadvantages of e-mail marketing. E-mail has become a very popu..
Opt-out
See also: optout. Opt-out is a method of requiring a targeted individual to explicitly respond to a solicitation in order to keep from receiving some service or "widget", usually used in marketing. A distinction is made between 'opt-out' and 'opting out' which is a political expression. Broadcasti..
Optacon
The Optacon is an electronic device to permit blind people to read printed material. The Optacon consists of a main electronics unit about the size of a portable tape recorder connected by a thin cable to a lens module about the size of a penknife. The main electronics unit contains a "tactile arr..
Optare
An Optare Solo used on the Exeter Park and Ride Optare is a bus manufacturer and importer based in Leeds, England. Contents 1 History2 Products2.1 Current2.1.1 Complete buses2.2 Discontinued products2.2.1 Bodies2.2.2 Complete buses2.2.3 Foreign buses3..
Optare Alero
The Optare Alero is a low-floor integral bus built by Optare since 2000. It was built as an alternative to van-derived buses such as the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter. The Alero has been popular for rural demand responsive bus routes, such as Hampshire's Cango. Options for the Alero include: Automatic Ge..
Optare CityPacer
The Optare CityPacer was a bus body produced by optare from 1985. It was Optares first true product and was based on a VW van chassis. It was a successful bus in its time producing over 1000 buses. Its prominent feature was its large one-piece front windscreen, it wrapped around the sides of the b..
Optare ColumboRider
The Optare ColumboRider was an integral bus built from 1987. It was based on the Optare StarRider. As its name suggests, it was designed for Columbo. This bus was the first go at selling buses abroad (NABI didn't acquire Optare at this point). Many ColumboRiders were sold, however, Optare discontin..
Optare Excel
The Optare Excel was a full-size single deck bus manufactured by Optare. Manufactured as an integral bus, the Excel was launched in 1995 as one of the first low-floor single-deck vehicles. The styling of the body was in keeping with existing Optare products, especially at the rear. At the front,..
Optare MetroRider
The Optare MetroRider was a midibus sold by Optare between 1989 and 2000. The original design was based on the MCW Metrorider for which Optare bought the rights after MCW decided to end bus production. This model also replaced the less successful StarRider. It was the most successful bus of its k..
Optare Solo
The Optare Solo is a low floor midibus manufactured in Leeds, UK by Optare since 1997. The name "Solo" is a play on the low-floor status of the bus, the manufacturer believing its vehicle having an entrance "so low" to the floor, namely 200 mm with kneeling suspension. The innovative design, feat..
Optare Spectra
Launched in 1991, the Optare Spectra is a double decker bus body built on the DAF (now VDL) DB250 chassis. The vehicle was developed as a joint project between Optare and DAF; based on the designs of the successful MCW Metrobus which Optare had purchased. With the launch of the DB250LF chassis so..
Optare StarRider
The Optare StarRider was a bus body produced by Optare from 1986. It was based on a Mercedes-Benz chassis. The styling was much less successful than its predecessor, the CityPacer. As a result, it was discontinued after just 3 years. It was replaced by the similar MetroRider which itself was based ..
Optare Tempo
The Optare Tempo is a full-size single deck bus manufactured by Optare and was launched in late-2004. It is marketed and sold as the replacement for the Optare Excel. Amongst the first operators in the UK were Trent Barton of Nottingham, Wilfreda Beehive of Adwick-le-Street, Doncaster, and Sargeant..
Optatam Totius
Optatam Totius, the Decree on Priestly Training, was a document produced by the Second Vatican Council. Approved by a vote of 2,318 to 3 of the bishops assembled at the council, the decree was promulgated by Pope Paul VI on October 28, 1965. (The full text in English is available from the [Ho..
Optative mood
The optative mood is a grammatical mood that indicates a wish or hope. It is similar to the cohortative mood. Greek, Georgian and Sanskrit are examples of languages with an optative mood. Optative in Ancient Greek Gordon M. Messing attests: In dealing with the endings of the optative mood, Herbe..
Optatus
Optatus is a Latin word meaning 'chosen', but as a name can refer to: The Roman cognomen Optatus and its membersSaint Optate redirect [[Template:Disambig]]..
Optera
To meet Wikipedia's and make it more accessible to a general audience, this article may require [Cleanupcleanup].The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter.Please help Wikipedia by improving the introduction according to the..
Opteron
The AMD Opteron is the first eighth-generation x86 processor (K8 core), and the first of AMD's AMD64 (x86-64) processors, released April 22, 2003. It is intended to compete in the server market, particularly in the same segment as the Intel Xeon processor. In June 2006, the TOP500 list ranked an O..
Opte Project
The Opte Project is an organization that seeks to make an accurate representation of the extent of the Internet using visual graphics. The Project was started by Barrett Lyon in October 2003 in an effort to provide a useful Internet map with open source code. Lyon believes that the mapping can help ..
Optically stimulated luminescence
In physics Optically stimulated luminescence or (OSL) is a method for measuring doses from ionizing radiation (commonly known as radioactive radiation). The method makes use of electrons trapped between the valence and electron band in the crystaline structure of matter. Aluminum oxide is one such..
Optical (artist)
Optical is the pseudonym of Matt Quinn, a renowned drum and bass producer and DJ from England. He is best known for his work with Ed Rush, fellow head of the Virus Recordings label, and as a pioneer of the techstep and neurofunk sound. His first single for Metalheadz, 'To Shape the Future'/'Ragi..
Optical amplifier
In optics, an optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal, then amplify it electrically, and finally reconvert it to an optical signal. An optical amplifier may be thought of as a laser without an optical cavit..
Optical answer sheet
An optical answer sheet is a special type of form used in multiple choice question examinations. Optical mark recognition is used to detect answers. The most well known company in the United States involved with optical answer sheets is Scantron, although certain applications require their own custo..
Optical astronomy
Optical astronomy has two meanings: In popular culture optical astronomy encompasses a wide variety of observations via telescopes that are sensitive in the range of visible light. Scientists would call this visible light astronomy. It includes imaging, where a picture of some sort is made of the o..
Optical attenuator
An optical attenuator is a device used to reduce the power level of an optical signal, either in free space or in an optical fiber. They are commonly used in fiber optic communications. Optical attenuators used in fiber optic communications systems may use a variety of principles for their function..
Optical autocorrelation
In optics, various autocorrelation functions can be experimentally realized. The field autocorrelation may be used to calculate the spectrum of a source of light, while the intensity autocorrelation and the interferometric autocorrelation are commonly used to estimate the duration of ultrashort puls..
Optical axis
In an optical system, the optical axis is an imaginary line that defines the path along which light propagates through the system. For a system composed of simple lenses and mirrors, the axis passes through the center of curvature of each surface, i.e. it is the axis of rotational symmetry. The opti..
Optical axis gratings
Contents 1 Concept2 Examples of OAGs3 Applications4 References Concept Optical axis gratings (OAGs) are gratings of optical axis of birefringent material. In OAGs birefringence of the material is constant, while the direction of optical axis is periodically modulated in a fixe..
Optical brightener
Optical brighteners, optical brightening agents, fluorescent brightening agents or fluorescent whitening agents are dyes that absorb light in the ultraviolet and violet region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and re-emit light in the blue region. These additives are designed to enhance the appearanc..
Optical buffer
In telecommunications, an optical buffer is a device that is capable of temporarily storing light. Just as in the case of a regular buffer, it is a storage medium that enables to compensate for a difference in time of occurrence of events. More specifically, an optical buffer serves to store data th..
Optical burst switching
Optical burst switching OBS is a switching concept which lies between optical circuit switching and optical packet switching. Firstly, a dynamic optical network is provided by the interconnection of optical cross connects. These optical cross connects (OXC) usually consist switches based on 2D or 3D..
Optical Cable Corporation
Optical Cable Corporation (NASDAQ: [OCCF]), headquartered in Roanoke, Virginia, manufactures fiber optical cable. The company's cable is largely used for telecommunications and is sold both in the US and seventy other countries worldwide, notably China. OCCF also manufactures military l..
Optical Carrier
Optical Carrier levels are used for the categories of bandwidth in a SONET fiber optic network.[IEC online study material, SONET introduction] The general rule for calculating the speed of Optical Carrier lines is when a specification is given as OC-n, that the speed will equal n × 51.8 ..
Optical cavity
An optical cavity or optical resonator is an arrangement of mirrors that forms a standing wave cavity resonator for light waves. Optical cavities are a major component of lasers, surrounding the gain medium and providing feedback of the laser light. They are also used in optical parametric oscillato..
Optical character recognition
Optical character recognition, usually abbreviated to OCR, involves computer software designed to translate images of typewritten text (usually captured by a scanner) into machine-editable text, or to translate pictures of characters into a standard encoding scheme representing them in (ASCII or Uni..
Optical chopper
An optical chopper is a mechanical device which periodically interrupts a light beam. Three types are available: variable frequency rotating disc choppers, fixed frequency tuning fork choppers, and optical shutters. A rotating disc chopper was famously used in 1849 by Hippolyte Fizeau in the first ..
Optical coating
Optically coated mirrors and lenses. An optical coating is a thin layer of material placed on an optical component such as a lens or mirror which alters the way in which the optic reflects and transmits light. One type of optical coating is an antireflection coating, which reduces unwanted ref..
Optical coherence tomography
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an interferometric, non-invasive optical tomographic imaging technique offering millimeter penetration (approximately 2--3 mm in tissue) with sub-micrometre axial and lateral resolution. The technique was first demonstrated in 1991 with ~30µm axial resolution. ..
Optical communication
Optical communication is any form of telecommunication that uses light as the transmission medium. An optical communication system consists of a transmitter, which encodes a message into an optical signal, a channel, which carries the signal to its destination, and a receiver, which reproduces t..
Optical communications repeater
A repeater used in a fiber optic communications system regenerates an optical signal by converting it to an electrical signal, processing that electrical signal and then retransmitting an optical signal. Such repeaters are used to extend the reach of optical communications links by overcoming loss ..
Optical composition
Optical Composition to perform a bluescreen effect is an analog way of supplementing a different background to footage with an even color of blue in the back. More commonly performed by digital means since its inception. It was used in all kinds of movies. ..
Optical computer
An optical computer is a computer that uses bound electrons in isolating crystals instead of free electrons in transistors for computation. Its digital signals are modulated onto a carrier wave in the visible region. No modulator or demodulator exists, because the base band offers only 10 GHz bandwi..
Optical cross-connect
Optical cross-connect (also known as OXC) is network device used by telecom carriers to switch high-speed optical signals. It differs from a digital cross-connect in that it deals with multiple high-speed signals that are switched in their entirety and not multiplexed together.[Definition at Te..
Optical Cross Section
Optical Cross Section or OCS is a value which describes the maximum amount of optical flux reflected back to the source. The standard unit of measurement is [\frac]. It is dependent on the geometry and the reflectivity at a particular wavelength of an object. Optical cross section is us..
Optical data storage
The Laserdisc, Compact Disc and DVDs are all forms of Optical Data Storage. See Optical disc for a more detailed account of the various forms of optical disc media. ..
Optical dating
Optical dating is a method of determining how long ago minerals were last exposed to daylight. It is useful to geologists and archaeologists who want to know when such an event occurred. Ages can be determined from a few hundred years to 100,000 years, and can be reliable when suitable methods are ..
Optical density
This article is about a measure of optical absorbance. Sometimes the term 'optical density' is also used to describe a material's refractive index, see refractive index. Optical density is the absorbance of an optical element for a given wavelength λ per unit distance: [OD_\lambda = ..
Optical depth
Optical depth is a measure of transparency, and is defined as the fraction of radiation that is scattered between a point and the observer. One way of visualizing optical depth is to think of a fog. An object that is immediately in front of you has an optical depth of zero. As it moves away, the ..
Optical disc
In computing, sound reproduction, and video, an optical disc is flat, circular, usually polycarbonate disc whereon data is stored in the form of pits (or bumps) within a flat surface. This data is generally accessed when a special material on the disc (often aluminum) is illuminated with a laser di..
Optical disc authoring
Optical disc authoring Optical discOptical disc imageRecorder hardwareAuthoring softwareRecording technologies* Recording modes* Packet writing Optical media types CD/CD-ROM: CD-R, CD-RWDVD: DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD+R DL, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM Standards Rainbow BooksFile systems* ISO 9660**..
Optical disc authoring software
Optical disc authoring Optical discOptical disc imageRecorder hardwareAuthoring softwareRecording technologies* Recording modes* Packet writing Optical media types CD/CD-ROM: CD-R, CD-RWDVD: DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD+R DL, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM Standards Rainbow BooksFile systems* ISO 9660**..
Optical disc recorder
Optical disc authoring Optical discOptical disc imageRecorder hardwareAuthoring softwareRecording technologies* Recording modes* Packet writing Optical media types CD/CD-ROM: CD-R, CD-RWDVD: DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD+R DL, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM Standards Rainbow BooksFile systems* ISO 9660**..
Optical disc recording modes
Optical disc authoring Optical discOptical disc imageRecorder hardwareAuthoring softwareRecording technologies* Recording modes* Packet writing Optical media types CD/CD-ROM: CD-R, CD-RWDVD: DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD+R DL, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM Standards Rainbow BooksFile systems* ISO 9660**..
Optical disc recording technologies
Optical disc authoring Optical discOptical disc imageRecorder hardwareAuthoring softwareRecording technologies* Recording modes* Packet writing Optical media types CD/CD-ROM: CD-R, CD-RWDVD: DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD+R DL, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM Standards Rainbow BooksFile systems* ISO 9660**..
Optical dot gain
Optical dot gain, also known as the Yule-Nielsen effect, is a type of dot gain caused by absorbation and scattering of visible light by paper. Light becomes diffused around dots, darkening the apparent tone. As a result, dots appear to be larger than their real physical size would suggest. ..
Optical effect
Optical effects is a sub-category of special effects for film in which film images are manipulated through optical processes using film, light, shadow, lenses and/or chemical processes. Examples are film titles, fades, dissolves, wipes, blow ups, bluescreen, composites, and double exposures. The e..
Optical engineering
Optical engineering is the field of study which focuses on applications of optics. Optical engineers design components of optical instruments such as lenses, microscopes, telescopes, and other equipment that utilize the properties of light. Other devices include optical sensors and measurement sys..
Optical equivalence theorem
The optical equivalence theorem says that the expectation value of any normally ordered function of Creation and annihilation operators: [g^(\hat^\dagger \hat) = \sum_ c_ \hat^ \hat^m] can be found by replacing the operators by their eigenvalues and averaging over the resulting complex n..
Optical Express
Optical Express (OE) is Europe’s largest provider of the combination of optical services which includes Laser Eye Correction, Contact lenses, and Spectacles. In 2004, OE acquired a triage of services previously handled by the Boots Group, consequently making OE the third largest Dental services b..
Optical feedback
Optical feedback is the optical equivalent of acoustic feedback. The feedback occurs when a loop exists between an optical input, for example, a videocamera and a television screen or monitor. (A simple example of optical feedback is an image cast between mirrors.) In this GIF movie, and the J..
Optical fiber
An optical fiber or fibre is a thin, transparent fiber, usually made of glass or plastic, for transmitting light. Fiber optics is the branch of applied science and engineering concerned with such optical fibers. Optical fibers are commonly used in telecommunication systems, as well as in illumi..
Optical fiber connector
An optical fiber connector constitutes a fiber-to-fiber interconnection and aligns the fiber core of two optical fibers. Due to the fast development of optical nets a variety of optical fiber connectors are available. The main difference is in the dimensions and the mechanical grip. Standard connect..
Optical field
The optical field is a term used in physics and vector calculus to designate the electric field shown as E in the electromagnetic wave equation which can be derived from Maxwell's Equations. In electromagnetic theory, the electromagnetic wave propagates because the longitudinal waves of the magneti..
Optical film
To meet Wikipedia's and make it more accessible to a general audience, this article may require [Cleanupcleanup].The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter.Please help Wikipedia by improving the introduction according to the..
Optical flat
Optical flats are optical grade glass structures lapped flat on one side and used with a monochromatic light to determine the flatness of a surface. They are also useful as windows, or — with the appropriate coating — as front surface mirrors. Optical flats have uses in spectrophotometry as wel..
Optical flow
Optical flow is a concept for estimating the motion of objects within a visual representation. Typically the motion is represented as vectors originating or terminating at pixels in a digital image sequence. Optical flow is useful in pattern recognition, computer vision, and other image processing ..
Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment is a Polish astronomy project based at Warsaw University that is chiefly concerned with discovering dark matter using the microlensing technique. Since the project began in 1992, it has discovered several extrasolar planets as a side benefit. The project ..
Optical illusion
This article is about visually perceived images. See Optical Illusion for information about the Time Requiem album. An optical illusion characterized by visually perceived images that, at least in common sense terms, are deceptive or misleading. so the information gathered by the eye is processed b..
Optical Illusion
This article is about the Time Requiem album. See optical illusion for information about visually perceived images. Optical Illusion is the title of the third studio album by the Swedish neoclassical band Time Requiem. Richard Andersson started writing for this album in September 2005. Notably, ..
Optical imaging
Optical imaging is a recent technique that gives cognitive neuroscientists the ability to simultaneously obtain information about the source of neural activity as well as its time course. In other words, it allows them to "see" neural activity and study the functioning of the brain. In this method..
Optical instrument
An optical instrument either processes light waves to enhance an image for viewing, or analyzes light waves (or photons) to determine one of a number of characteristic properties. Image enhancement The first optical instruments were telescopes used for magnification of distant images, and microsc..
Optical interferometry
Optical interferometry is a technique of interferometry combining light from multiple sources in an optical instrument in order to make various precise measurements. The technique of optical interferometry can make use of white light, of monochromatic light (e.g., a sodium lamp) or of coherent m..
Optical Internetworking Forum
The Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF) was organized to facilitate and accelerate the development of next-generation optical internetworking products. The OIF produces Electrical, Tunable Laser, Very Short Reach Hardware Interfaces. It also has produced a UNI and NNI software interface Interopera..
Optical IP Switching
Optical IP Switching (OIS), is a novel method of creating transparent optical connections between network nodes using a flow-based approach. An IP flow is a collection of IP packets going from the same source to the same destination: the exchange of IP packets is the mechanism that allows the trans..
Optical isolator
Optical isolator can refer to: Opto-isolator, an electronic device that uses optics to transfer a signal while keeping the receiving and transmitting circuits electrically isolatedFaraday isolator, an optical device that transmits light in only one direction This is a [disambiguationdisambigua..
Optical isotropy
An optically isotropic material is one that has the same optical properties in every direction. In the literature, optical isotropy is usually seen as equivalent to the fact that the dielectric tensor function is a scalar function or is reduced to a scalar function in case of polydomain materials...
Optical jukebox
An optical jukebox or autochanger is a computer device used for massive data storage. They typically use Magneto-optical disc or Magnetic tape media, contain more than one drive and are attached over a computer network. One example is the HP SureStore family. Similarly, hard disk based portable musi..
Optical lattice
An optical lattice is formed by using counterpropagating laser beams to create a periodic (in space) intensity pattern. This periodic potential can then be used to trap neutral atoms via the Stark shift. This system of trapped atoms resembles a crystal in the sense that atoms are localized at period..
Optical lens design
Optical lens design is the science/art of calculating the various lens construction parameters (variables) that will meet or at least approach desired performance requirements while staying within required constraint values, and any cost/schedule limitations. Construction parameters include surface..
Optical link
An optical link is a communications link that consists of a single end-to-end optical circuit. A piece of fiber optic cable, or a concatenation of fiber optic cables to make a dark fiber link, is the simplest form of optical link. Other forms of optical link can include single-"colour" links over a..
Optical mark recognition
Contents 1 Overview2 History3 General3.1 Applications3.2 Fields3.3 Capabilities/requirements3.4 Disadvantages4 References5 Software for OMR6 See also Overview Optical mark recognition is the process of capturing data by contrasting reflectivity at..
Optical microcavity
An optical microcavity is a structure formed by reflecting faces on the two sides of a spacer layer or optical medium. The name microcavity stems from the fact that it is often only a few micrometers thick, the spacer layer sometimes even in the nanometer range. As with common lasers this forms an o..
Optical microsphere
Optical microspheres (photonic atoms) are high quality factor optical resonators used for active and passive photonic applications such as microlaser cavities and filters. ..
Optical mineralogy
Optical mineralogy is the study of minerals by measuring their optical properties. Most commonly, rock and mineral samples are prepared as thin sections or grain mounts for study in the laboratory with a petrographic microscope. Optical mineralogy is used to identify the mineralogical composition of..
Optical modulator
An optical modulator is a device in which a signal-controlled element is used to modulate a beam of light. See: Electro-optic modulator, exploiting the electro-optic effectAcousto-optic modulator ..
Optical motion tracking
Optical Motion Tracking See Optical Motion Capture Motion Capture Motion Tracking can differ from Motion Capture because in applications such as sports and missiles the object of interest is tracked optically instead of a person. The technology is basically the same, with some differences in that..
Optical mount
An optical mount is a device used to join a normal camera and another optical instrument, such as a microscope or telescope. The optical mount is generally attatched to the camera as a lens would on one end, and fastened to the other instrument in a similar fashion. Optical mounts are used extensive..
Optical Museum Jena
[50.92781° N 11.579275° E] The Optical Museum Jena is a scientific-technological museum. The Optical Museum Jena shows optical instruments from eight centuries. It gives a technical and cultural-historical survey of the development of optical instruments. The development of ..
Optical Nanoscopes
} with }.>}} This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedia's [Deletion policydeletion policy][[Template:Afd|.]] Please share your thoughts on the matter at [Articles for deletion/this article's entry] on the Articles for deletion page. Feel free ..
Optical networking
Optical networking can refer to at least two things: Synchronous optical networkingPassive optical network This is a [disambiguationdisambiguation] page: a list of articles associated with the same title. If an referred you to this page, you may wish to change the link to point directly..
Optical neural network
An optical neural network is an implementation of a neural network model with optical components. One possibility is the Hopfield neural network[link][link] Links: Institute for optical neural technologies (Russian Academy of Sciences): http://www.iont.ru ..
Optical parametric amplifier
An optical parametric amplifier, abbreviated OPA, is a laser light source that emits the light of variable wavelengths by an optical parametric amplification process. Contents 1 OPG2 OPA3 Noncolinear OPA4 Multipass OPA5 Parametric amplifier (Electronics)6 External li..
Optical parametric oscillator
An optical parametric oscillator (OPO) converts an input laser wave (called "pump") into two output waves of lower frequency ([\omega_s, \omega_i]) by means of nonlinear optical interaction. The sum of the output waves frequencies is equal to the input wave frequency: [\omega_s + \ome..
Optical path length
In optics, optical path length (OPL) is the product of the geometric length of the path light follows through the system, and the index of refraction of the medium through which it propagates. A difference in optical path length between two paths is often called the optical path difference (OPD). Op..
Optical Performance Monitoring
Optical Performance Monitoring (OPM) is used for managing high capacity optical transmission and switching systems in Next Generation Networks (NGN). OPM is a potential mechanism to improve control of transmission and physical layer fault management. External links [Optical Performance Monit..
Optical phenomenon
An optical phenomenon is any observable event which results from the interaction of light and matter. See also list of optical topics and optics. Common optical phenomena are often due to the interaction of light from the sun or moon with the atmosphere, clouds, water, or dust and other particulate..
Optical physics
Optical physics, or optical science, is a subfield of atomic, molecular, and optical physics. It is the study of the generation of electromagnetic radiation, the properties of that radiation, and the interaction of that radiation with matter, especially its manipulation and control. It differs from..
Optical power
Optical power or dioptric power or refractive power is the degree to which a lens or mirror converges or diverges light. It is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length of the device. The dioptre is the most common unit of measurement of optical power. For two or more thin lenses in contact, the..
Optical power budget
The optical power budget, in a fiber-optic communication link, refers to the allocation of available optical power (launched into a given fiber by a given source) among various loss-producing mechanisms such as launch coupling loss, fiber attenuation, splice losses, and connector losses, in order to..
Optical power margin
Optical power margin: In an optical communications link, the difference between (a) the optical power that is launched by a given transmitter into the fiber, less transmission losses from all causes, and (b) the minimum optical power that is required by the receiver for a specified level of perform..
Optical printer
An optical printer is a device consisting of one or more film projectors mechanically linked to a movie camera. It allows filmmakers to re-photograph one or more strips of film. The optical printer is used for making special effects for motion pictures, or for copying and restoring old film mater..
Optical proximity correction
Optical proximity correction (OPC) is a photolithography enhancement technique commonly used to compensate for image errors due to diffraction or process effects. The two most common applications for OPC are linewidth differences between features in regions of different density (e.g., center vs. edg..
Optical pumping
Optical pumping is a process in which light is used to raise ("pump") electrons from a lower energy level in an atom or molecule to a higher one. It is commonly used in laser construction, to pump the active laser medium so as to achieve population inversion. Optical pumping is also used to cyclica..
Optical resolution
Optical resolution is the ability of a system to distinguish, detect, and/or record physical details by electromagnetic means. The system may be imaging (e.g., a camera) or non-imaging (e.g. a quad-cell laser detector). The electromagnetic spectrum ranges from Gamma rays through the visible spectr..
Optical return loss
The ratio (in dB) of optical power arriving at the interface (P1) to the optical power reflected back from the same interface (P2). [T1.106-1988] ..
Optical RFID
Optical RFID is a subcategory of RFID that is based on optical readers. Applications for optical RFID tags may be found in future supply chain scenarios. The main advantage in comparison to traditional RFID tags is their low price and the usually employed offline preaggregation of data to the class ..
Optical ring resonators
Optical ring resonators consist of a waveguide in a closed loop coupled to one or more input/output (or bus) waveguides. When light of the appropriate wavelength is coupled to the loop by the input waveguide, it builds up in intensity over multiple round-trips due to constructive interference. It ca..
Optical rotation
In optics, optical rotation or optical activity is the rotation of linearly polarized light as it travels through certain materials. It occurs in solutions of chiral molecules (e.g. sugar), solids with rotated crystal planes (e.g. quartz), and spin-polarized gases of atoms or molecules. It is used i..
Optical rotatory dispersion
Optical rotatory dispersion is the variation in the optical rotation of a substance with a change in the wavelength of light. optical rotatory dispersion can be used to find the absolute configuration of metal complexes. ..
Optical scalars
This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject.Please help recruit one, or improve this page yourself}} if you can. See [discussion page] for details. In general relativity, optical scalars are a set of scalars that describe various properties of null geode..
Optical Society of America
The Optical Society of America (OSA) is a research and education organization in the field of optics. Founded in 1916, it is headquartered in Washington DC. In 2005 it had more than 14,000 members from over 80 countries. OSA publishes the Optics & Photonics News magazine and the journals Optics Let..
Optical storage
Optical Storage is made possible by data storage devices such as optical discs and holographic storage systems. This is different from other types of storage mediums that may use a magnetic surface (e.g. magnetic tape storage, a hard disk or floppy disk) or electrical charges (e.g. flash memory). ..
Optical switch
In telecommunication, an optical switch is a switch that enables signals in optical fibers or integrated optical circuits (IOCs) to be selectively switched from one circuit to another. Note 1: An optical switch may operate by (a) mechanical means, such as physically shifting an optical fiber to d..
Optical table
Two researchers working at an optical table. An optical table is a piece of equipment used for optics experiments and technologies. In optical setups, especially those involving interferometry, the alignment of each component must be extremely accurate—precise down to a fraction of a wa..
Optical tape
Optical tape refers to a tape used for computer data storage, similar to magnetic tape, but using optical instead of magnetic means of storage. They provide the possibility of far greater storage capacities than either magnetic tape or optical discs. Optical tapes were considered an alternative to ..
Optical telegraph
Optical telegraph refers to a system of telecomunication using visual means of transmission. Types of systems include Semaphore, Aldis lamps, Heliograph, Ships flags and Smoke signals. ..
Optical telescope
An optical telescope is a telescope which is used to gather, and focus light, for directly viewing a magnified image, making a photograph, etc. The term is used especially for a monocular with static mounting for observing the sky. Handheld binoculars are common for other purposes. Light is made u..
Optical theorem
In physics, the optical theorem is a very general law of wave scattering theory, which relates the forward scattering amplitude to the total cross section of the scatterer. It is usually written in the form [\sigma_\mathrm=\frac~\mathrm\,f(0),] where f(0) is the scattering amplitude wit..
Optical thickness
Optical thickness is the depth of a material or medium in which the intensity of light (or other radiation) of a given frequency is reduced by a factor of [1/e], in rough terms 2/3 of the light being absorbed within one optical thickness depth. This describes how quickly light is absorbed..
Optical time domain reflectometer
In telecommunication, an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is an optoelectronic instrument used to characterize an optical fiber. An OTDR injects a series of optical pulses into the fiber under test. It also extracts, from the same end of the fiber, light that is scattered back and reflecte..
Optical tomography
Optical tomography is a form of computed tomography that creates a digital volumetric model of an object by reconstructing images made from light transmitted and scattered through an object. Optical tomography is used mostly as a form of medical imaging. Optical tomography relies on the object unde..
Optical Transfer Function
The Optical Transfer Function describes the spatial (angular) variation as a function of spatial (angular) frequency. When the image is projected onto a flat plane, such as photographic film or a solid state detector, spatial frequency is the preferred domain, but when the image is referred to the ..
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers make use of a laser beam to provide an attractive force (in the range of piconewtons to femtonewtons) to physically move microscopic objects (on the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers in diameter) with high precision. In this way, optical tweezers are a microscopic version o..
Optical Village
Optical Village Rickenbacker Airforce Base Columbus, Ohio Pizzutti Real Estate Airborne Express (now DHL) In 1996, Mark Steele - Director of Operations for Cole Vision unit of Cole National of Cleveland, OH approached Steve Williams of Airborne Express about establishing a competitive expedited dis..
Optical vortex
An optical vortex (also known as a wave dislocation or phase singularity) is a zero of an optical field, a point of zero intensity. Research into the properties of vortices has thrived since a comprehensive paper by Nye and Berry, in 1974, described the basic properties of 'dislocations in wave trai..
Optical window
Rough plot of Earth's atmospheric transmittance (or opacity) to various wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light. In astronomy, the optical window is that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that passes through the atmosphere all the way to the ground. Most EM ener..
Optician
An optician is an individual who makes and adjusts optical aids. Contents 1 Eyecare opticians1.1 United States1.2 United Kingdom1.3 Famous opticians2 Scientific equipment opticians2.1 Telescope opticians2.2 Microscope opticians3 See also4 External link..
Opticks
Opticks or a treatise of the reflections, refractions, inflections and colours of light Opticks is a book written by English physicist Isaac Newton that was released to the public in 1704. It is about optics and the refraction of light, and is considered one of the great works of science in hi..
Opticom
Opticom may refer to: Opticom ASA, a Norwegian electronics companyOpticom System, a Signal Preemption device produced by 3M This is a [disambiguationdisambiguation] page: a list of articles associated with the same title. If an referred you to this page, you may wish to change the link t..
Opticom ASA
Opticom ASA is a Norwegian research and development company. The Opticom share has been listed at the Oslo Børs (Oslo Stock Exchange) since 1997 and on the main list since the first trading day of 2000. Since its establishment in 1994, Opticom has operated as a research and development company wit..
Opticom System
The Opticom System is a Signal Preemption system produced by 3M. It competes mainly with the STROBECOM system produced by Tomar Electronics. External Link [3M Opticom Home Page] ..
Optics
"Optical" redirects here. For the musical artist, see Optical (artist). Optics (appearance or look in ancient Greek) is a branch of physics that describes the behavior and properties of light and the interaction of light with matter. Optics explains and is illuminated by optical phenomena. T..
Opticution
Opticution is the term given to the damaging beyond viability of biological samples that are manipulated via optical traps, most commonly optical tweezers. The term was coined by Arthur Ashkin, who developed optical tweezers at Bell Labs in the 1970s and 80s. As different biological samples absorb d..
Optic atrophy
Optic atrophy is the loss of some or most of the fibers of the optic nerve [link]. In medicine, "atrophy" usually means "shrunken but capable of regrowth", so some argue that "optic atrophy" as a pathological term is somewhat misleading and use "optic neuropathy" instead. The optic nerve ..
Optic chiasm
Gray's Fig. 773 - The left optic nerve and the optic tracts. Gray's FIG. 722– Scheme showing central connections of the optic nerves and optic tracts. The optic chiasm (Greek χίασμα, "crossing", from the Greek χλαζειν 'to mark with an X', after the Greek letter 'Χ', chi..
Optic cup
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Optic disc
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Optic flow
Optic flow is the perceived visual motion of objects as the observer moves relative to them. To an observer driving a car, a sign on the side of the road would move from the center of his vision to the side, growing as he approached. If he had 360 degree vision, this sign would proceed to move quic..
Optic foramen
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Optic nerve
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Optic Nerve
Optic Nerve may be a reference to: Optic nerve, the anatomical structure;Optic Nerve (comic), the comic book series;Optic Nerve (1998), the seminal release from the Irish hip hop act known as Exile Eye; orOptic Nerve (1999), a Red Hot Benefit Series tribute to David Wojnarowicz. This is a [dis..
Optic Nerve (1999)
Optic Nerve is an interactive, CD-ROM showcasing the life and work of multimedia artist David Wojnarowicz. The disc includes film, interviews, music, performance, painting and writing from the artist. Production was handled by the Red Hot Organization (RHO) and Funny Garbage, in conjunction with t..
Optic Nerve (comic)
Interior page from Optic Nerve #6 (February 1999). Optic Nerve is a comic book series by graphic novelist Adrian Tomine. Originally self-published by Tomine as a series of mini-comics (which have later been collected in a single volume, 32 Stories), the series has been published by Drawn and Q..
Optic nerve hypoplasia
Optic nerve hypoplasia is a medical condition that results in underdevelopment of the optic nerves. Contents 1 Development of the optic nerve2 Symptoms3 Cause4 Prognosis5 External links Development of the optic nerve During the second month of pregnancy, a structure c..
Optic nerve sheath meningioma
--> Optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM) are rare benign tumors of the optic nerve. 60-70% of cases occur in middle age females, and is more common in older adults (mean age 44.7 years). It is also seen in children, but this is rare. The tumors grow from cells that surround the optic nerve,..
Optic neuritis
Optic neuritis (or retrobulbar neuritis) is the inflammation of the optic nerve that may cause a complete or partial loss of vision. Contents 1 Causes2 Symptoms3 Treatment and Prognosis4 Diagnosis Causes The optic nerve comprises axons that emerge from the retina of the eye..
Optic radiation
Deep dissection of cortex and brain-stem. (Optic radiation labeled at center left.) Right superior quadrantanopia. The areas of the visual field lost in each eye are shown as black areas. This visual field defect is characteristic of damage to Meyer's loop on the left side of the brain. ..
Optic recess
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Optic stalk
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Optic tract
Gray's Fig. 773 - The left optic nerve and the optic tracts. The optic tract is a part of the visual system in the brain. It is a continuation of the optic nerve and runs from the optic chiasm (where half of the information from each eye crosses sides, and half stays on the same side) to the ..
Optic vesicles
Embryology: ..
Optigan
The Optigan (a portmanteau of Optical Organ) was an early electronic keyboard instrument designed for the consumer market. It is best remembered today for its reputation of frequent failure and its kitschy appearance and sound. The name stems from the fact that the instrument relied on pre-recorded ..
Optiganally Yours
Optiganally Yours is a band formed around the Optigan, a toy organ produced by Mattel in the 1970s that plays the sounds of instruments that have been recorded onto celluloid disks. Pea Hix wanted to form an Optigan-based cover band, but teamed up with Rob Crow to begin writing original songs for th..
Optikk
Action figure from the Mattel He-Man toy line and a character from the 1990 animated series The New Adventures of He-Man Action Figure Evil Mutant Spy from the foggy polar region of evil planet Denebria. The Denebrian fog is so dense here that he has a spyball eyeball that sees through almost an..
Optile
Optile Optile (Organisation Professionnelle des Transports d'Île-de-France, or Professional Transport Organisation of Île-de-France) is a public transport organisation, created in October 2000 from a merger between several private bus companies serving suburban Paris. It regulates bus ro..
Optima
For the recumbent bicycle manufacturer see Optima Cycles Optima is the name of a typeface designed by Hermann Zapf between 1952-1955. In 2002 Hermann Zapf together with Akira Kobayashi, typedirector at Linotype GmbH, redesigned and extended Optima to Optima nova. This new type family has new true..
Optima, Oklahoma
Optima is a town in Texas County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 266 at the 2000 census. Geography Optima is located at [36°45′33″N, 101°21′16″W] (36.759142, -101.354375)[Geographic references#1GR1]. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town..
Optimality theory
Optimality theory or OT is a linguistic model proposed by the linguists Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky in 1993, and expanded by John J. McCarthy and Alan Prince in 1993. Although much of the interest in OT has been associated with its use in phonology (the area to which OT was first applied), the t..
Optimal Asymmetric Encryption Padding
In cryptography, Optimal Asymmetric Encryption Padding (OAEP) is a padding scheme often used together with RSA encryption. The OAEP algorithm is a form of feistel network which uses a pair of random oracles G and H to process the plaintext prior to asymmetric encryption. When combined with any sec..
Optimal control
Optimal control theory is a mathematical field that is concerned with control policies that can be deduced using optimization algorithms. The control that minimizes a certain cost functional is called the optimal control. It can be derived using Pontryagin's maximum principle, or by solving the Ham..
Optimal Currency Area - Eurozone
As the eurozone is one of the world's newest and largest currency areas in the world, much research was and is focused on whether the Eurozone is an Optimal Currency Area. In economic theory the degree of fullfillment of the following four criteria indicate whether an area is optimal for a monetary..
Optimal erasure codes with arbitrary parameters
To meet Wikipedia's and make it more accessible to a general audience, this article may require [Cleanupcleanup].The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter.Please help Wikipedia by improving the introduction according to the..
Optimal foraging theory
A central concern of ecology has traditionally been foraging behavior. In its most basic form, optimal foraging theory states that organisms focus on consuming the most energy while expending the least amount of energy. The understanding of many ecological concepts such as adaptation, energyflow a..
Optimal maintenance
Please [Glossary#Wwikify] (format) this article or section as suggested in the [Guide to layoutGuide to layout] and the [Manual of StyleManual of Style]. Remove this template after wikifying. This article has been tagged since March 2006. Optimal maintenance is the..
Optimal solutions for Rubik's Cube
[[wikibooks:|Wikibooks ]] has more about this subject: [[wikibooks::How to solve the Rubik's Cube|How to solve the Rubik's Cube]] There are many algorithms to solve scrambled Rubik's Cubes. One such method is described in Wikibooks's article [[b:How to solve the Rubik's Cube|How to solve the R..
Optimal solutions for Rubik's Cube/using the optimal solver
To use the solver linked to from the bottom of Optimal solutions for Rubik's Cube, the cube has to be turned into something that looks like this: FR FL UB DR RB LD UL FU DF UR BD BL DBR FRU BLU BUR BDL LFU DFL FDR Since trying to understand the format above may cause your brain to explode, compile..
Optimal substructure
Figure 1. Finding the shortest path using optimal substructure; wavy lines indicate shortest paths In computer science, a problem is said to have optimal substructure if its optimal solution can be constructed efficiently from optimal solutions to its subproblems. This property is used to det..
Optimal Telekom
Optimal Telekom is a telecommunications company, based in Kungsör, Sweden, part of the Tele2 group. The company moto is to deliver lower prices than the seven largest brands (ACN, Glocalnet, Rix Telecom, Tele2, Telia, PG one and Vattenfall) in Sweden. External links () [Optimal Telekom]..
Optimal virulence
Optimal virulence is an idea relating to the ecology of hosts and parasites. One definition of virulence is the host's parasite induced loss of fitness. The parasite's fitness is determined by its success in transmitting offsprings to other hosts. It stands to reason that the parasite, aiming to inc..
Optimates
Optimates ('The Best of Men') were the aristocratic faction of the later Roman Republic. They wished to limit the power of the popular assemblies and the Tribunes of the Plebs, and to extend the power to the Senate, which was viewed as more stable and more dedicated to the well-being of Rome. In par..
Optimates and Populares
Optimates and Populares refer to the primary political ideologies in Ancient Rome, starting in the early 1st century BC. People in both groups were from the wealthy class. The Optimates (Latin for or "Aristocrats") believed that the Senate should hold the balance of power, and the Populares (Latin f..
Optimation
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Optimax
Optimax is the UK and Australian brand name given to Shell's super-premium petrol (gasoline), known as V-Power elsewhere in the world. It has a much higher octane rating than standard petrol at around RON (Research Octane Rating) 98. RON differs slightly from the MON (Motor Octane Number) standard a..
Optima Cycles
Optima Cycles (Optima Ligfietsen) is a Dutch manufacturer of recumbent bicycles and tricycles. External links [Optima Cycles] ..
Optime
At the University of Cambridge in England, an optime is a student who graduates with a second-class (Senior Optime) or third-class (Junior Optime) honours mathematics degree. An example of a noted alumnus who is an Optime is Luke Pebody. See wrangler. ..
OptimFROG
OptimFROG is a lossless audio compression program. Its main goal is to reduce at maximum the size of audio files, while permitting bit identical restoration for all input. It is similar with the ZIP compression, but it is highly specialized to compress audio data. OptimFROG obtains asymptotically t..
Optimism
This glass is half full. Optimism, the opposite of pessimism, exemplifies a lifeview where one looks upon the world as a positive place. Optimists generally believe that people and events are inherently good. They have a so-called "positive" outlook on life, believing that things will work ou..
Optimist
The word Optimist can have several meanings: A person with a positive outlook on life, see optimism.A member of Optimist International.A small sailing dinghy designed to train and introduce young children into sailing, see Optimist (dinghy).This is a [disambiguationdisambiguation] page: a ..
Optimisticeskaja
Optimisticeskaja (Ukrainian: печера Оптимістична; meaning "optimistic") is a gypsum cave in the Ternopil district of Ukraine. As of 2005, it has 230 km of mapped passageways, which makes it the second longest cave in the world, after the Mammoth Cave System (by some other sources i..
Optimistic concurrency control
In computer science, in the field of databases, optimistic concurrency control, (OCC) is a concurrency control method used in relational databases without using locking. It is commonly referred to as optimistic locking, a misnomer. Optimistic Concurrency Control is based on the assumption that data..
Optimistic Voices
Optimistic Voices is the name of both a song and the choir singing it, from the 1939 film classic ''The Wizard of Oz. It is heard on the soundtrack when the group is saved from a sleeping spell in a poppy field as they approach the Emerald City. The song is a bouncy number sung by a female chorus:..
Optimist (dinghy)
Specifications Under Current Rules Number of crew 1 LWL 7ft 7in LOA 7ft Beam 3ft 7in Hull weight (with fittings) 77lbs Sail Area 35 sq. ft The Optimist is the standard of small, single-crew sailing dinghy. Mainly because of its economical simplicity and the practical size and..
Optimist International
Optimist International is a service club whose slogan is Bringing out the best in kids. The first Optimist club was founded in 1911 in Buffalo, New York and the International was founded in 1919 in a meeting in Louisville, Kentucky. Optimist International Although membership has been rapidly..
Optimization
In mathematics, optimization is the discipline which is concerned with finding the maxima and minima of functions, possibly subject to constraints. An example of an optimization problem is the following: maximize the profit of a manufacturing operation while ensuring that none of the resources excee..
Optimization (computer science)
In computing, optimization is the process of modifying a system to improve its efficiency. The system can be a single computer program, a collection of computers or even an entire network such as the Internet. Although the word "optimization" shares the same root as "optimal," it is rare for the p..
Optimization (mathematics)
In mathematics, the term optimization, or mathematical programming, refers to the study of problems in which one seeks to minimize or maximize a real function by systematically choosing the values of real or integer variables from within an allowed set. This problem can be represented in the followi..
Optimization problem
In computer science, an optimization problem is the problem to find among all feasible solutions for some problem the best one. More formally, an optimization problem [A] is a quadruple [(I, f, m, g)], where [I] is a set of instances;given an instance [x \in I]..
Optimized link state routing protocol
The Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) is a protocol to connect mobile ad-hoc networks, sometimes called wireless mesh networks. It is a link-state routing protocol that collects data about available networks and then calculates an optimized routing table. The advantage of this approach ..
Optimized Power Control
Optimized Power Control, shortened as OPC, is a function of a CD or DVD writer. It checks the proper writing power and reflection of the media in use, calculating the optimum laser power and adjusting it for writing the particular session. More sophisticated is Active OPC. Active OPC monitors writin..
Optimized Systems Software
Optimized Systems Software (OSS) was a small company producing operating systems and programming languages for the Atari 8-bit and Apple II computer families. OSS is most noted for authoring Atari's BASIC and Disk Operating System (DOS) products. Contents 1 History2 Atari 8-bit Product..
Optimize (magazine)
Optimize is a magazine whose intended reader is a corporate officer; according to BPA International (as cited in "Media Kit 2004" listed in the "References" section), seventy per cent of Optimize's readers are Chief Information Officers, Chief Technology Officers, or Vice Presidents of information s..
Optimum "L" filter
‹ The [Template messagestemplate] below has been proposed for deletion. See [Templates for deletion#Template:templates for deletion] to help reach a consensus on what to do. › Non standard name for "Linear analog electronic filter" template The Optimum "L" filter..
Optimum contract and par contract
This article concerns Contract Bridge and uses terminology associated with the game. See Contract bridge glossary for an explanation of unfamiliar words or phrases. These are two closely related (and sometimes confused) terms: Optimum contract In contract bridge the optimum contract is that contrac..
Optimum currency area
In economics, an optimum currency area (OCA), also known as an optimal currency region (OCR), is a geographical region in which it would maximize economic efficiency to have the entire region share a single currency. It describes the optimal characteristics for the merger of currencies or the creati..
Optimum Experience Games
Contents 1 General information2 History3 Staff4 Impetuous Shadow5 External links General information Optimum Experience Games (Also Known As OE games) is a small video game development business directed by Luke Stephenson. The company currently designs RPG-format style..
Optimum Online
Optimum Online (OOL) is an Internet service provider subsidiary of Cablevision. Optimum Online serves Long Island, other parts of New York, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Westchester, parts of New Jersey, and Connecticut. Contents 1 Service tiers2 Network information3 Reports of bandwidth ..
Optimum population
Optimum population is where the amount of resources available in a country is equal to the country's population, so there are enough resources to maintain its population. If it is below its optimum population then it has more resources than needed for the population, if it is above then it has too..
Optimum Population Trust
The Optimum Population Trust is a registered charity, small think tank and campaign group concerned with the impact of population growth on the natural environment. With respect to population growth, it researches climate change, energy requirements, biodiversity and other environmental factors. O..
Optimum programming
In the history of computing, optimum programming is the practice of arranging a computer program's instructions in memory so as to minimize the time the machine spends waiting for instructions. It is of historical interest mainly, due to the design of many early digital computers. Most early comput..
Optimum Releasing
Optimum Releasing is a film distributor company working in the UK The company releases many films, especially foreign language films, but is perhaps best known for its anime releases, including the contract to release all Studio Ghibli films in the UK. External links [Official website] ..
Optimum sustainable yield
In economics, optimum sustainable yield is the level of effort that maximizes the difference between total revenue and total cost. Or, where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. This level of effort maximizes the economic profit, or rent, of the resource being utilized. It usually corresponds to a..
Optimum water content for tillage
Please [Glossary#Wwikify] (format) this article or section as suggested in the [Guide to layoutGuide to layout] and the [Manual of StyleManual of Style]. Remove this template after wikifying. This article has been tagged since June 2006. To meet Wikipedia's and make..
Optimus
Optimus keyboard, an OLED computer keyboardOptimus mini three, a mini OLED computer keyboardOptimus of Sweden, a manufacturer of liquid fuel stoves (since 1899)Jupiter (mythology) is also known as Jupiter Optimus MaximusOptimus Prime, a Transformer, and is leader of the AutobotsOptimus Primal is a f..
Optimus Design Systems
Optimus Design Systems (ODS) was a small publisher of role-playing games, based in Buffalo, New York. The company produced two products, the Battlelords of the 23rd Century science-fiction role-playing game, and the Blood Dawn post-apocalyptic RPG. ODS produced the first of several editions of Battl..
Optimus keyboard
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Optimus mini three
The Optimus Mini Three is a 3-key version of the Optimus Keyboard developed by Art. Lebedev Studio. This product is set to be released on July 5, 2006 for Russia and August 15, 2006 for the rest of the world. Those who have already pre-ordered had to pay the price of $100, while the final price ..
Optimus Primal
Optimus Primal (Convoy or Convobat in Japan, later Beast Convoy to differentiate him from the original Convoy) is a Transformers character and the leader of the Maximals. Contents 1 Beast Wars1.1 Backstory1.2 First season1.3 Second season1.4 Third Season1.5 Beast War..
Optimus Prime
Optimus Prime (known in Japan as Convoy, Italy as Commander, France as Optimus Primo, and Brazil as Líder Optimus) is the name of several fictional characters from the Transformers universes. The name is iconic, and is usually held by the leader of the Autobots, the heroic faction of the series. ..
Optimus Prime (person)
Optimus Prime (born 1971) is a U.S. Army Ohio National Guard firefighter who had his name legally changed to Optimus Prime in May of 2001, on his 30th birthday. He claims to have done this because the fictional character of the same name, from the Transformers, was like a father figure when he was g..
Optimus Prime (Robots in Disguise)
Contents 1 Transformers: Robots in Disguise1.1 Dreamwave Comics2 [[Transformers: Universe]]3 [[Transformers: Cybertron]] Transformers: Robots in Disguise Optimus Prime (Fire Convoy in Japan) is a fictional character in [[Transformers: Robots in Disguise]] who leads the Autob..
Optimus Prime (Unicron Trilogy)
Optimus Prime is a fictional Transformers character and leader of the heroic Autobots in the "Unicron Trilogy" comprising [[Transformers: Armada]], [[Transformers: Energon]] and [[Transformers: Cybertron]]. Although the original Japanese incarnation of Transformers: Cybertron, there known as Transf..
Optimus Rhyme
Optimus Rhyme is a hip hop quartet from Seattle, Washington, occasionally aided by Rapper Broken English. Optimus Rhyme combines rapped hip hop lyrics with a fusion of Funk-Rock music. They are considered nerdcore hip hop because their lyrics re-tell the story of the Transformers Generation 1 series..
Optimus Software
Optimus Software Ltd was a small video games development company based in North-East England. The company was founded in 1988 by brothers Darren and Jason Falcus. Optimus was acquired by US video games developer Iguana Entertainment in 1993 and became Iguana UK. |- style="text-align: center;" ..
Optimus Telecomunicações, S.A.
Optimus Telecomunicações , S.A. is a portuguese GSM / UMTS mobile operator created at the end of 1997 that entered the Portuguese market on September 15 1998 to compete with the two already existing operators. Optimus belongs to the enterprise group Sonae and France Télécom / Orange SA, and ..
Optina Monastery
Optina Pustyn is a male monastery near Kozelsk which used to be the most important spiritual centre of the Russian Orthodox Church in the 19th century. It is not clear when the monastery was established. Its name is popularly derived from the Russian word for "living together". This may be explaine..
Opting out
Opting out is a political expression that was formulated in Canada to describe the exercise of a province to assume a program (within its own jurisdiction) for which the federal government offers, in part or in integrity, a financing and an administration. Up until the 1960s, a province that would n..
Optio
Roman Optio in a reenactment at Chesters Fort in May 2000 An Optio (from the Latin verb optare, 'to choose', because an Optio was chosen by his Centurion) was a soldier in the Roman army who held a position similar to that of a non-commissioned officer in modern armies. The main function of an..
Option
This article is about the finance term. For the American Football system, please see option offense. For the cult Japanese modified car magazine, please see Option (car magazine) Securities ..
Optional memorial
In the Roman Catholic Church, an optional memorial is the lowest class of the feast day. The priest is permitted to celebrate the feast day or not as he chooses. (See Memorial.) The saints or events celebrated in these feast days are considered to be of less universal importance to the Church. In ad..
Optional Practical Training
Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a period during which undergraduate and graduate students who have completed or have been pursuing their degrees for more than 9 months are permitted by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to work for at most one year on a student visa..
Optional Preferential Voting
Optional Preferential Voting is a system of vote-casting used in the state of Queensland in the Commonwealth of Australia. Most Australian elections are run under strict rules of preferential voting, where all candidates must be numbered in order of the preference of the voter, or the vote will not..
Optional protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict
The Optional protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict is a protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child adopted by General Assembly of the United Nations on 25 May 2000 (resolution A/RES/54/263). Its full name is the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the..
Optional protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography
The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography is relevant to the articles on child labour and especially the worst forms of child labour. It came into force on January 18 2002. External links [Copy of the pr..
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography
The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography, supplementing the Convention on the Rights of the Child, was adopted in 2000. In terms of the protocol, states must protect the rights and interests of child victims ..
Options (book)
Options is a 1975 absurdist science fiction novel by Robert Sheckley. [Spoiler warningSpoiler warning]: Plot and/or ending details follow. The story is ostensibly about a marooned space traveller's attempt to get a spare part for his starship, the Intrepid III. He has a robotic guard, p..
Options Clearing Corporation
The Options Clearing Corporation (OCC) The Options Clearing Corporation is a not-for-profit organizaition that is used to clear securities option contracts, as well as futures contracts. Without this guarantor of these types of contracts, the market for options and futures would be quite complex,..
Options for Change
Options for Change was a restructuring of the British military in 1993, aimed at cutting defence spending following the end of the Cold War. UK military strategy had until this point been almost entirely focused on defending the UK against the Soviet military; whether the Royal Marines in Scandina..
Option (car magazine)
Option (オプション, Opushon in katakana and subtitled Exciting Car Magazine) is a automotive magazine founded by Daijiro Inada in 1981, to meet the demand for enthusiasts of modified Japanese cars in Japan. The magazine is published by the Japanese media giant San-Ei Shobo Publishing Co. L..
Option (films)
In the film industry, an option is a contractual agreement between a movie studio, a production company, or a producer (henceforth called the "producer") and a writer, in which the producer obtains the right to buy a screenplay from the writer, before a certain date. In the same way, producers can ..
Option 30
Option 30 with Reznor on the far left Option 30 was a New Wave band from the 1980s, in which Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails played the keyboard and supplied lead vocals. The band also featured Tim Smith (guitars/vocals), Jim Nordstrom (bass/saxophone) and Todd Nero (percussion). Option 30'..
Option adjusted spread
Option adjusted spread (OAS) is the flat spread over the treasury yield curve required to discount a mortgage-backed security's volatile coupon payments to match its market price. Contents 0.1 Definition1 Convexity2 See also3 References4 External links Definition In con..
Option Canada
Option Canada is a Montreal-based lobby group established some eight weeks before the voting day of the 1995 Quebec referendum on sovereignty. According to registration papers filed with both the Canadian and Quebec governments, the private group was incorporated by executives of the Canadian Unity ..
Option contract
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Option Institute
The Option Institute was founded in [1983] by Barry Neil Kaufman and his wife Samahria Lyte Kaufman. The institute offers programs for personal growth based on a philosophy developed by Kaufman and described in his book Happiness is a Choice. It also provides training in an autism treatme..
Option in South Tyrol
The Option in South Tyrol (de: Option in Südtirol) refers to the time between 1939 and 1943, when the non-Italian speaking people living in South Tyrol were given the "option" of either emigrating to Hitler's Germany or remaining in South Tyrol and being forcefully integrated in to the mainstream I..
Option key
The Option key The Option key, also known as Alt key is a modifier key present on Apple Macintosh keyboards. It is located between the Control key and Command key on a standard Macintosh keyboard. For desktop keyboards, there are usually two, while a laptop may have only one to make room for t..
Option Lock
Doctor Who book ..
Option offense
The option is a system of offensive running plays in American Football. The basic concept of the option is to have a player, typically the quarterback, run with the ball while observing the actions of one or more specific defenders. The play evolves based upon what those defenders do. There are t..
Option premium
The option premium is the price the buyer of the options contract pays for the right to buy or sell a security at a specified price in the future. See also Options ..
Option Québec
Option Québec is a political manifesto written by René Lévesque, a cabinet minister in the government of Quebec, Canada, in 1968. Lévesque, a member of the Liberal Party of Quebec, published the manifesto in September 1968, one month before the party's annual congress. The 6000-word manifesto ..
Option ROM
An Option ROM typically consists of firmware that is called by the system BIOS. For example, an adapter card that controls a boot device might contain firmware that is used to connect the device to the system once the Option ROM is loaded. ..
Option strategy
An option strategy combines one or more Option positions and zero or more underlying positions. The option positions used are almost always long and/or short positions in calls and/or puts at various strikes. Contents 1 Call spread2 Put spread3 Synthetic underlying4 Conversio..
Option style
In finance, the style or family of an option is a general term denoting the class into which the option falls, usually defined by the dates on which the option may be exercised. The vast majority of options are either European or American (style) options. These options - as well as others where th..
Option symbol
An option symbol is a code by which options are identified on a futures exchange. Contents 1 In general2 NASDAQ option symbols3 NYSE/AMEX option symbols4 LEAP option symbols5 Additional symbols6 See also7 External links In general The ticker (trading) symbols f..
Option time value
Option Value In finance, the value of an option consists of two components, its intrinsic value and its time value. Time value is simply the difference between option value and intrinsic value. Contents 1 Intrinsic value2 Option value3 Time value4 See also5 External..
OptiPNG
OptiPNG is an open source command line computer program that reduces the size of PNG files. The compression is lossless, meaning that the resulting image will have exactly the same appearance as the source image. The main purpose of OptiPNG is to reduce the size of the PNG IDAT data stream by tr..
Optique & Précision de Levallois
Société Optique et Précision de Levallois, S.A. (OPL) was founded in 1919, although its predecessor dated from 1911. It produced rangefinders, military, medical, and scientific optics, and the "Foca" and other rangefinder cameras, at Levallois (a Paris suburb) and Châteaudun (Eure et Loire). Sa..
Optix Pro
OptixPro is a highly configurable remote access trojan, or backdoor, similar to SubSeven or BO2K Type: Remote Access Trojan (RAT) Created Using: Borland Delphi 5 Created by: s13az3, Evil Eye Software Optix Pro is far more sophisticated, and lethal than its predecessors. It has t..
OPTi Inc.
OPTi Inc. was a semiconductor vendor that sold chipsets for the personal computer markets. The company was founded in 1989 and was based in Milpitas, California. During the early 1990s, OPTi was one of the major producers of core logic chipsets as well as audio controllers that accompanied IA-32..
Opto-isolator
Schematic diagram In electronics, an opto-isolator (or optical isolator, optocoupler) is a device that uses a short optical transmission path to transfer a signal between elements of a circuit, typically a transmitter and a receiver, while keeping them electrically isolated — since the si..
Optoacoustic imaging
Optoacoustic imaging is an imaging technology based on the photothermal effect, and can be used to obtain images of structures in turbid environments. The optoacoustic technique combines the accuracy of spectroscopy with the depth resolution of ultrasound. Contents 1 Background2 Optoaco..
Optochin
Optochin is the component of P disk. It is used for the presumptive identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is optochin sensitive, from Streptococcus viridans which is resistant. Bacteria that are optochin sensitive will not grow in its presence, forming a halo of clear agar around the P d..
Optode
An optode is an optical sensor, i.e. it optically measures a specific substance, for example oxygen or pH. A chemical film is glued to the tip of an optical cable and the florescence properties of this film is dependent on the measured substance. An example of an optode is the oxygen optode whic..
Optoelectric nuclear battery
An optolectric nuclear battery has been developed by researchers of the Kurchatov Institute in Moscow. A beta-emitter such as technetium-99 or strontium-90 is suspended in a gas or liquid containing luminescent gas molecules of the excimer type, constituting a "dust plasma." This permits a nearly lo..
Optoelectronics
Optoelectronics is the study and application of electronic devices that interact with light. In this context, light often includes invisible forms of radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet and infrared. Optoelectronic devices are electrical-to-optical or optical-to-electrical transducer..
Optoelectronic plethysmography
Optoelectronic Plethysmography is a method to evaluate ventilation through an external measurement of the chest wall surface motion. This method has been developed at the Bioengineering Department of the Polytechnic of Milan (Italy). A number of small reflective markers are placed on the thoraco-a..
Optokinetic tracking
The optokinetic reflex allows the eye to follow objects in motion when the head remains stationary (e.g. observing individual telephone poles on the side of the road as one travels by them in a car). The reflex develops at about age 6 months[[Citing sources citation needed]]. ..
Optometric Extension Program
The Optometric Extension Program(OEP) is an international, non-profit organization dedicated to the gathering and dissemination of information on vision. History OEP was founded in 1928 as the Oklahoma Extension Program. Publications OEP produces the monthly Journal of Behavioral Optometry as w..
Optometry
Optometry is the health care profession concerned with examination, diagnosis, and treatment of the eyes and related structures, and with determination and correction of vision problems using lenses and other optical aids [link]. An optical refractor in use. An optometrist (Greek: ..
Optotype
An optotype is a standardized symbol for testing vision. Optotypes can be specially shaped letters, numbers, or geometric symbols. For instance, to determine visual acuity, optotypes of different sizes are presented to a person and the smallest size is determined at which the person can reliably id..
Optout
See also: opt-out An Optout is a student who quits school before graduation purposely, for good reason. Compare dropout, pushout. Coined by Brian Alger in 2005 in an article entitled [Conformity: School Dropouts, Pushouts, and Optouts] published online at [http://www.experiencedesig..
Opto 22
Opto 22 is a manufacturing company specializing in hardware and software products for industrial automation, remote monitoring, and data acquisition. The company is based in southern California and is well-known in the automation and control industry for its history of innovation in the development ..
Optrex
Optrex is an over-the-counter eye treatment produced by Crookes Healthcare in the UK. External links [Optrex website] ..
Optus
SingTel Optus Pty Limited is the second largest telecommunications company in Australia, and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of SingTel (ASX: [SGT]). The company primarily trades under the Optus brand, while maintaining several wholly-owned subsidiary brands, such as Virgin Mobile Australia..
OptusNet
OptusNet is an Australian Internet Service Provider, providing broadband, wireless and dial-up internet services. Optus purchased one of Australia's pioneer ISP's, Microplex, to provide consumer Internet services. It is a subsidiary of Optus, a wholly-owned company of Singapore Telecommunications..
Optus Centre
The Optus Centre is located at 367 Collins Street, Melbourne. Standing 153 meters tall, it incorporates 34 floors, and was completed in 1975. The main foyer, and mezzanine areas are home to cafes and a branch of the Commonwealth Bank. The building is also home to a breeding pair of Peregrine ..
Optus fleet of satellites
Contents 1 A-Class1.1 Aussat (Optus) A11.2 Aussat (Optus) A21.3 Aussat (Optus) A32 B-Class2.1 Optus B12.1.1 Failures2.2 Optus B22.3 Optus B33 Optus (and Defence) C13.1 Television Services3.2 Defence Services4 Optus D1 & D25 Exte..
Optus ITV
Optus ITV is a cable television system in Australia. Unlike Foxtel digital, a rival system, Optus ITV was designed to use the cable that feeds the TV signal as the return path for any interactive services a customer wanted to access. Foxtel's system allowed access uniformity for both cable and sa..
Optus Television
Optus Television is the cable television division of Australian telecommunications company Optus. Its chief rival is Foxtel. Contents 1 History1.1 Satellite Broadcasting1.2 Sports Programming2 Subscriber Numbers3 Optus iTV Trials4 Optus TV featuring Foxtel5 Opt..
Opt in email
Opt in email is a permission based form of marketing whereby email is used to advertise products and services to consumers and businesses globally. Opt in email is the most effective method to drive traffic and sales to websites today. Commercial e-mail spending will grow from $164 million in 1999 ..

 

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