'Frontier' elm hybrid

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The American hybrid Frontier is a U. S. National Arboretum introduction derived from a crossing of the European Smooth-leaved Elm U. minor subsp. minor with the Chinese Elm U. parvifolia in 1971. Released in 1990 it develops a vase or pyramidal shape, and glossy green foliage turning to burgundy in autumn. The ultimate height of the tree has yet to be determined, but should be in excess of 15 m. The tree rarely flowers, and has not produced seed. Reputed to have a high resistance to Dutch elm disease and elm yellows (phloem necrosis), it is only moderately resistant to elm leaf beetles.

'Frontier' has had a limited introduction to Europe, where it is largely restricted to arboreta and elm collections, such as that held by Brighton & Hove City Council in England.

References

• Santamour, J., Frank, S. & Bentz, S. (1995). Updated checklist of elm (Ulmus) cultivars for use in North America. Journal of Arboriculture, 21:3 (May 1995), 121-131. International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, USA.

• White , J. & More, D. (2002). Trees of Britain & Northern Europe. Cassell's, London.

 

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