1797
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1797 (MDCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar).
Events
- January 3 - The Treaty of Tripoli (a peace treaty between the United States and Tripoli) is signed at Algiers.
- January 7 - The parliament of the Cisalpine Republic adopts the Italian green-white-red tricolour as official flag. It is the birthday of the flag of Italy.
- January 15 - London haberdasher John Hetherington wears the first top hat in public and attracts a large crowd of onlookers. He is later fined £50 for causing public nuisance
- February 14 - The Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1797), part of the Wars of the French Revolution.
- February 18 - Spanish Governor Chacon peacefully surrenders the colony of Trinidad and Tobago to a British naval force.
- February 22 - The Last invasion of Britain begins. French forces under the command of American Colonel William Tate land near Fishguard in Wales.
- February 25 - Tate surrenders to the British at Fishguard.
- February 26 - The Bank of England (national bank of Britain) issues the first one pound note (discontinued March 11 1988).
- March 4 - John Adams succeeds George Washington as the President of the United States of America.
- April 16 - Spithead and Nore mutinies
- May 12 - First Coalition: Napoleon I of France conquers Venice, ending the 1070 years of independence of the city. Last doge of Venice, Ludovico Manin, steps down.
- July 24 - Horatio Nelson is wounded at Tenerife, causing a loss of one arm.
- September 7 - Treaty of Campo Formio ends the War of the First Coalition.
- October 21 - In Boston Harbor, the 44-gun United States Navy frigate USS Constitution is launched to fight Barbary pirates off the coast of Tripoli.
- December 17 - Napoleon leads a successful French charge against Fort l'Aiguilette to secure Toulon for French
- Joseph Haydn composes the music to "Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser," the tune of which also became the music to the German national anthem, "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles."
Ongoing events
Births
- January 10 - Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer (d. 1848)
- January 31 - Franz Schubert, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1828)
- February 15 -Henry Engelhard Steinway, German-American piano manufacturer (d. 1817)
- March 22 - Emperor Wilhelm I of Germany (d. 1888)
- March 27 - Alfred de Vigny, French author (d. 1863)
- May 6 - Joseph Brackett, American religious leader and composer (d. 1882)
- May 18 - Frederick Augustus II of Saxony, (d. 1854)
- July 20 - Sir Paweł Edmund Strzelecki, Polish explorer and geologist (d. 1873)
- August 30 - Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, English writer (d. 1851)
- October 3 - Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1870)
- November 14 - Sir Charles Lyell, British geologist (d. 1875)
- November 29 - Gaetano Donizetti, Italian composer (d. 1848)
- December 13 - Heinrich Heine, German poet (d. 1856)
- December 17 - Joseph Henry, American scientist (d. 1878)
Deaths
- January 13 - Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Bevern, wife of Frederick II of Prussia (b. 1715)
- February 11 - Antoine Dauvergne, French composer (b. 1713)
- February 22 - Karl Friedrich Hieronymus Freiherr von Münchhausen, German officer and adventurer (b. 1720)
- March 2 - Horace Walpole, English politician and writer (b. 1717)
- March 26 - James Hutton, Scottish geologist (b. 1726)
- March 31 - Olaudah Equiano Nigerian ex-slave and slavery abolitionist b. 1745)
- May 17 - Michel-Jean Sedaine, French dramatist (b. 1719)
- May 25 - John Griffin Whitwell, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, British field marshal (b. 1719)
- May 27 - François-Noël Babeuf, French revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1760)
- May 27 - Augustin Alexandre Darthé, French revolutionary leader (executed) (b. 1769)
- July 9 - Edmund Burke, Irish philosopher (b. 1723)
- July 11 - Ienăchiţă Văcărescu, Wallachian writer (b. 1740)
- August 3 - Jeffrey Amherst, British military commander (b. 1717)
- August 22 - Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, Alsatian-born Austrian general (b. 1724)
- October 9 - Vilna Gaon, Lithuanian rabbi (b. 1720)
- November 14 - Ivan Shuvalov, founder of the Moscow University (b. 1727)
- November 16 - King Frederick William II of Prussia (b. 1744)
- November 18 - Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat, French shipbuilder and merchant (b. 1719)
- November 29 - Samuel Langdon, American President of Harvard University (b. 1723)
- December 11 - Richard Brocklesby, English physician (b. 1722)
Fiction
The events of [[Castlevania: Symphony of the Night]] happen in this year.
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