1804
Encyclopedia : 1 : 18 : 180 : 1804
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1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar).
Contents
Events
Morphine is first isolated from opium by the German pharmacist, Friedrich SertürnerJanuary
- January 1 - End of French rule in Haiti. Haiti gains independence from France and becomes the first black republic and have the only successful slave revolt ever.
February
- February 14 - First Serbian Uprising began.
- February 15 - New Jersey becomes the last northern state to abolish slavery.
- February 16 - First Barbary War: Stephen Decatur leads a raid to burn the pirate-held frigate Philadelphia.
- February 18 - Ohio University is chartered by the Ohio General Assembly.
- February 21 - The first self-propelling steam engine or steam locomotive makes its outing at the Pen-y-Darren ironworks in Wales. Designed by Richard Trevithick, a Cornishman.
March
- March 7 - John Wedgwood founds The Royal Horticultural Society.
- March 10 - Louisiana Purchase: In St. Louis, a formal ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership of Louisiana Territory from France to the United States.
- March 20 - Execution of the Duc d’Enghien for plotting against Napoleon.
- March 21 - Code Napoleon adopted as French civil law.
April
- April 5 - The first recorded meteorite falls in Possil, Scotland (High Possil Meteorite).
- April 26 - Henry Addington resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
May
- May 10 - William Pitt the younger begins his second term as a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- May 14 - The Lewis and Clark Expedition departs from Camp Dubois and begin their historic journey by traveling up the Missouri River.
- May 18 - Napoleon Bonaparte is proclaimed Emperor of France by the French Senate.
June
- June 15 - The Twelfth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution ratified by New Hampshire, and arguably becomes effective (subsequently vetoed by the Governor of New Hampshire).
July
- July 11 - Duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr results in the death of Alexander Hamilton.
- July 27 - The Twelfth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution ratified by Tennessee, removing doubt surrounding adoption.
August
- August 20 - Lewis and Clark Expedition: The "Corps of Discovery", whose purpose is to explore the Louisiana Purchase, suffers its only death when Sergeant Charles Floyd dies, apparently from acute appendicitis.
September
- September 1 - German astronomer K. L. Harding discovers the asteroid Juno.
- Thomas Jefferson defeats Charles C. Pinckney in U.S. presidential election.
November
- November 30 - The Jeffersonian Republican-controlled United States Senate begin an impeachment trial against Federalist-partisan Supreme Court of the United States Justice Samuel Chase (he was charged with political bias but was acquitted by the Senate of all charges on March 1, 1805).
December
- December 2 - At Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, Napoleon Bonaparte crowns himself as the first Emperor of the French in a thousand years (the Napoleonic Code is adopted).
- December 12 - Spain declares war on Britain.
Unknown date
- Père Lachaise Cemetery a 118 acre (0.5 km²) cemetery in Paris, France is founded.
- Nicolas-François Appert (1750-1841) develops a method to preserve food by means of canning.
Ongoing events
Births
- January 1 - James Fannin, Texas revolutionary (d. 1836)
- January 10 - Elie Frédéric Forey, Marshal of France (d. 1872)
- January 20 - Eugène Sue, French novelist (d. 1857)
- January 21 - Eliza Roxcy Snow, American poet (d. 1887)
- February 7 - John Deere, American industrialist (d. 1886)
- March 14 - Johann Strauss Senior, Austrian composer (d. 1849)
- March 17 - Jim Bridger, American trapper and explorer (d. 1881)
- June 1 - Mikhail Glinka, Russian composer (d. 1857)
- June 1 - George Sand, French writer (d. 1876)
- June 24 - Willard Richards, American religious leader (d. 1854)
- July 4 - Nathaniel Hawthorne, American writer (d. 1864)
- July 28 - Ludwig Feuerbach, German philosopher (d. 1872)
- September 8 - Eduard Mörike, German poet (d. 1875)
- October 18 - Mongkut, Rama IV, King of Thailand (d. 1868)
- November 18 - Alfonso Ferrero la Marmora, Italian general and statesman (d. 1878)
- November 23 - Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (d. 1869)
- December 10 - Carl Gustav Jakob Jacobi, German mathematician (d. 1851)
- December 13 - Joseph Howe, Canadian politician (d. 1873)
- December 21 - Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1881)
- December 23 - Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French literary critic (d. 1869)
Unknown dates
- Andrew Nicholl, Northern Irish painter (d. 1886)
- James Mackay (New Zealand politician)
Deaths
- January 4 - Charlotte Ramsey Lennox, English author and poet (b. 1727)
- January 15 - Dru Drury, English entomologist (b. 1725)
- February 6 - Joseph Priestley, English chemist (b. 1733)
- February 12 - Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (b. 1724)
- March 21 - Louis-Antoine-Henri de Bourbon-Condé, duc d'Enghien (executed) (b. 1772)
- March 30 - Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, Marshal of France (b. 1718)
- April 9 - Jacques Necker, French statesman (b. 1732)
- April 15 - Charles Pichegru, French general (strangled in prison) (b. 1761)
- July 12 - Alexander Hamilton, American statesman (killed in a duel)
- September 4 - Richard Somers, American naval officer (killed in battle)
- October 2 - Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French automobile pioneer (b. 1725)
- November 23 - Richard Graves, English writer (b. 1715)
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