1813
Encyclopedia : 1 : 18 : 181 : 1813
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1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar).
Contents
Events
March
- March 17 - Through a newspaper, the Prussian king Frederick William III of Prussia calls for resistance against the Napoleonic occupation
April
- April 27 - War of 1812: Battle of York - United States troops raid, destroy, but do not hold the capital of Ontario, York (present day Toronto, Ontario).
May
- May 2 - Napoleon wins the Battle of Lützen
- May 20-May 21 - Napoleon wins the Battle of Bautzen
- May 27 - War of 1812: In Canada, United States forces capture Fort George.
June
- June 6 - War of 1812: Battle of Stoney Creek - A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeat an American force three times its size under William Winder and John Chandler.
- June 21 - Peninsular War: Battle of Vitoria - A British, Spanish, and Portuguese force of 78,000 with 96 guns under Wellington defeats a French force of 58,000 with 153 guns under Joseph Bonaparte to end the Peninsular War.
July
- July 5 - War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.
August
- August 19 - Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's second triumvirate.
- August 26-August 27 - Napoleon wins the Battle of Dresden
- August 29-August 30 - Napoleon's troops defeated at Kulm
September
- September - Robert Southey becomes Poet Laureate of Britain
- September 10 - War of 1812: Oliver Hazard Perry defeats a British fleet in the Battle of Lake Erie
October
- October 5 - War of 1812: William Henry Harrison defeats the British at the Battle of the Thames, killing native leader Tecumseh
- October 14 - After a ceremony in Caracas, Venezuela, the municipality gives Simón Bolívar the title of El Libertador.
- October 16-October 19 - Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Leipzig
- October 24-November 5 - Persia and Russia sign the Gulistan Treaty of 1813 at the end of the first Russo-Persian Wars (1804-1813) by which Persia (Iran) loses all its territories to the north of Aras River to the Russians.
- October 25 - War of 1812: Charles de Salaberry defeats an American invasion at the Battle of Chateauguay
November
- November 11 - War of 1812: the Americans are defeated at the Battle of Crysler's Farm
- November 21 - An independent government is restored in the Netherlands.
December
- December 29 - War of 1812: British soldiers burn Buffalo, New York
Unknown dates
- Russian troops reach and take Berlin without a fight after the French garrison evacuated the city.
- Mathieu Orfila publishes his groundbreaking Trait des poisons, formalizing the field of toxicology.
- George Hamilton-Gordon serves as ambassador extraordinaire in Vienna.
- Following the death of his father Wossen Seged, Sahle Selassie arrives at the capital Qundi before his other brothers, and is made Meridazmach of Shewa.
- The Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania is founded. It is the oldest continuously-existing literary society in the United States.
Ongoing events
Births
- January 19 - Sir Henry Bessemer, English inventor (d. 1898)
- January 21 - John C. Frémont, American soldier and explorer (d. 1890)
- January 26 - Juan Pablo Duarte, Founder of the Dominican Republic (d. 1876)
- February 11 - Otto Ludwig, German writer (d. 1865)
- March 18 - Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and playwright (d. 1863)
- March 19 - David Livingstone, English missionary and explorer (d. 1873)
- March 21 - James Strang, Mormon splinter group leader (d. 1856)
- March 27 - Nathaniel Currier, American illustrator (d. 1888)
- April 23 - Stephen A. Douglas, U.S. Senator from Illinois and Presidential candidate (d. 1861)
- May 5 - Soren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (d. 1855)
- May 21 - Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (d. 1843)
- May 22 - Richard Wagner, German composer (d. 1883)
- June 24 - Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman and reformer (d. 1887)
- July 19 - Samuel M. Kier, American industrialist (d. 1874)
- October 10 - Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (d. 1901)
- October 17 - Georg Büchner, German playwright (d. 1837)
- December 13 - David Spangler Kaufman, U.S. Congressman from Texas (d. 1851)
- December 19 - Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist (d.1885)
- Abbas I, Pasha of Egypt (d. 1854)
- John Miley, American Methodist theologian (d. 1895)
Deaths
- January 6 - Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (b. 1764)
- January 20 - Christoph Martin Wieland, German writer (b. 1733)
- February 13 - Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725)
- February 26 - Robert Linvingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1746)
- April 10 - Joseph Louis Lagrange, Italian mathematician (b. 1746)
- April 27 - Zebulon Pike, American general (b. 1779)
- April 28 - Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (b. 1745)
- May 1 - Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal (killed in combat) (b. 1768)
- May 23 - Geraud Duroc, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1772)
- June 6 - Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect (b. 1739)
- June 17 - Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor and politician (b. 1726)
- June 28 - Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general (b. 1755)
- July 29 - Jean-Andoche Junot, French general (suicide) (b. 1771)
- August 11 - Henry James Pye, English poet (b. 1745)
- August 23 - Alexander Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (b. 1766)
- September 2 - Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1763)
- October 5 - Tecumseh, Shawnee leader
- October 19 - Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763)
- November 12 - Jean de Crévecoeur, French-American writer (b. 1735)
- December 24 - Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (b. 1740)
- Wossen Seged, Meridazmach of Shewa (murdered)
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