1853

Encyclopedia : 1 : 18 : 185 : 1853

| align="center" style="vertical-align:middle;" | }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} |- style="background-color:#f3f3f3" | align="right" | Centuries: | align="center" | 18th century · 19th century · 20th century |- | align="right" | Decades: | align="center" | 1820s 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s |- style="background-color:#f3f3f3" | align="right" | Years: | align="center" | 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856
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1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar).

Events

January 6 - American President-Elect Franklin Pierce, wife Jane, and son Ben are involved in a train wreck near Andover, Massachusetts. Franklin and Jane survive but eleven-year-old Ben is killed.
January 19 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore premieres in Rome
January 21 - Russell L. Hawes patents the envelope folding machine
January 29 - Napoleon III marries the Spanish Countess Eugènie at the Tuileries
March 4 – Inauguration of US president Franklin Pierce
February 22 - Washington University is founded as Eliot Seminary
May 23 - The first plat for Seattle, Washington is laid out.
June 7 - Franklin College of Lancaster, Pennsylvania merges with Marshall College of Mercersburg, Pennsylvania to form Franklin and Marshall College in Lancaster
July 8 - U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry arrives in Edo Bay with a request for a trade treaty
July 25 Outlaw and bandit Joaquin Murietta is killed.
August 12 – New Zealand acquires self-government
August 23 - 1st true International Meteorological Organization Brussels, Belgium
August 24 - Potato chips first prepared.
October 4/October 5 - Crimean War: The Ottoman Empire declares war on Russia.
October 28 - Crimean War: Ottoman army crosses the Danube into Vidin / Kalafat in Wallachia.
November 3 - Troops of William Walker capture La Paz in Baja California and declare (short-lived) Republic of Lower California
November 15 - Maria II of Portugal is succeeded by her son Pedro
November 30 - Crimean War: Battle of Sinop - The Russian fleet destroys the Turkish fleet.
December 30 - Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest

Royal Norwegian Navy Museum founded.
Yellow fever kills 7790 in New Orleans
Alexander Wood invents the hypodermic syringe
Argentina adopts federal constitution - Buenos Aires opposes that
Donald McKay builds the Great Republic, the world's biggest sailing ship, which at 4,500 tons was too large to be successful
Isambard Kingdom Brunel began work on the Great Eastern passenger steamer

Start of Crimean War
Independent Santa Cruz Maya of Eastern Yucatan recognized as an independent nation by British Empire
Iesada succeeds Ieoshi as Japanese Shogun
Beginning of the Late Tokugawa shogunate, the last part of the Edo period in Japan.
Stephen Foster writes "My Old Kentucky Home."
The University of Florida establilshed
James Beckwourth discovers Beckwourth Pass.
Tissot, a Swiss watch company, founded.

Births

January 28 - José Martí, Cuban revolutionary (d. 1895)
February 6 - Ignacij Klemenčič, Slovenian physicist (d. 1901)
March 14 - Ferdinand Hodler, Swiss painter (d. 1918)
March 30 - Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter (d. 1890)
May 28 - Carl Larsson, Swedish painter (d. 1919)
June 3 - William Flinders Petrie, English Egyptologist (d. 1942)
June 12 - Chester Adgate Congdon, Minnesota mining magnate (d. 1916)
July 5 - Cecil Rhodes, English businessman (d. 1902)
July 18 - Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
September 2 - Wilhelm Ostwald, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1932)
September 16 - Albrecht Kossel, German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1927)
September 20 - Chulalongkorn, Rama V, king of Thailand (d. 1910)
September 21 - Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1926)

Deaths

January 16 - Matteo Carcassi, Italian composer (b. 1792)
March 17 - Christian Doppler, Austrian mathematician (b. 1803)
April 28 - Ludwig Tieck, German writer (b. 1773)
November 15 - Maria II of Portugal (b. 1819)

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