1920

Encyclopedia : 1 : 19 : 192 : 1920

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1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar)

Contents

Events

年

January

January 3 - Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at that time.
January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk.
January 9 - Britain announces it will build 1,000,000 homes for war veterans. The promise will never be fulfilled in full.
January 9 - Thousands of onlookers watch as "The Human Fly" George Polley, climbs the New York Woolworth Building. He has reached the 30th floor when a policeman arrests him for climbing without a permit
January 16 - Prohibition goes into effect in the United States with the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution coming into effect.
January 16 - Allies demand that the Netherlands extradite the German Kaiser, who has fled there.
January 19 - The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
January 22 - The Australian Country Party is officially formed.
January 23 - The Netherlands refuses to extradite the German Kaiser.
January 28 - The Spanish legion is founded and stationed in North Africa to fight rebels in Morocco.
January 28 - Turkey gives up the Ottoman Empire and all non-Turkish areas.

February

February 1 - The Royal Canadian Mounted Police begin operations.
February 2 - Estonia's independence is recognised.
February 2 - France occupies Memel.
February 9 - League of Nations gives Spitzbergen to Norway.
February 10 - Jozef Haller de Hallenburg performs symbolic engagement of Poland with the sea, celebrating restitution of Polish access to open sea.
February 14 - The League of Women Voters is founded in Chicago, Illinois.
February 17 -A woman named Anna Anderson tries to commit suicide in Berlin and is taken to mental hospital, where she claims she is Anastasia.
February 22 - In Emeryville, California, the first dog racing track to employ an imitation rabbit opens.
February 24 - Adolf Hitler presents his National Socialist program in Munich.

March

March - World's first peaceful establishment of a social democratic government takes place in Sweden. Hjalmar Branting takes over when Nils Edén resigns.
March 1 - Hungarian Admiral and statesman Miklós Horthy becomes the Regent of Hungary
March 1 - The United States Railroad Administration returns control of American railroads to its constituent railroad companies.
March 13-March 17 - Wolfgang Kapp fails in his coup attempt in Germany due to public resistance and a general strike.
March 15 - Maine celebrates the first centenary of its statehood.
March 15 - Red Army of Ruhr, communist army 60.000 men strong, formed
March 19 - US Congress refuses to ratify Versailles Treaty.
March 23 - Admiral Horthy declares that Hungary is a monarchy without anyone on the throne.
March 26 - German government asks France for permission to use its own troops against rebellious Ruhr Red Army in the French-occupied area.
March 26 - The Black and Tans special constables arrive in Ireland
March 29 - Sir William Robertson, who enlisted in 1877, becomes a field marshal in the British Army, the first man to rise to this rank from private
March 31 - Government of Ireland Act 1920 is presented in British parliament.

April-May

April 2 - German army marches to Ruhr to fight Red Ruhr Army.
April 4 - Jerusalem pogrom of April, 1920 ? Violence between Arabic and Jewish resident in Jerusalem ? governor declares the state of siege
April 6 - The short-lived Far Eastern Republic declared in eastern Siberia
April 11 - Mexican Revolution - Alvaro Obregon flees from Mexico City during a trial intended to ruin his reputation - he flees to Guerrero where he joins Fortunato Maycotte
April 19 - Germany and Bolshevist Russia agree to the exchange of prisoners of war.
April 20 - Alvaro Obregon announces in Chilpancingo that he intends to fight against the rule of Venustiano Carranza
April 23 - National council in Turkey denounces the government of sultan Mehmed VI and announces a temporary constitution.
April 24 - Polish-Soviet War: Polish and Anti-Soviet Ukrainian troops attack the Red Army in Soviet Ukraine.
May 2 - The first game of the Negro National League baseball is played in Indianapolis, Indiana.
May 7 - Polish-Soviet War: Polish troops occupy Kyiv. The government of Ukrainian People's Republic returns to the city.
May 7 - Venustiano Carranza leaves Mexico City in a large train
May 9 - Alvaro Obregon's troops enter Mexico City
May 15 - Maria Bochkareva executed in Soviet Russia
May 16 - Referendum in Switzerland is favorable to joining League of Nations.
May 16 - In Rome, Pope Benedict XV canonizes Joan of Arc as a saint.
May 17 - French and Belgian troops leave the cities they have occupied in Germany.
May 17 - First flight of KLM, Dutch air company, from Amsterdam to London.
May 20 - Venustiano Carranza arrives in San Antonio Tlaxcalantongo. Troops of Rodolfo Herrera attack him at night and shoot him
May 24 - Venustiano Carranza is buried in Mexico City - all of his mourning allies are arrested. Adolfo de la Huerta is elected provisional president
May 24 - French president Paul Deschanel falls out of a train and is later found wandering along the railroad track, wearing pajamas.
May 27 - Thomas Masaryk becomes president of Czechoslovakia.
May 29 - Great Horncastle flood. 20 people killed.

June-July

June 4 - Treaty of Trianon, Treaty of Peace between The Allied and Hungary.
June 12 - Polish-Soviet War: Red Army retakes Kyiv.
June 13 - The United States Postal Service rules that children may not be sent via parcel post
June 15 - New border treaty between Germany and Denmark gives northern Schleswig to Denmark.
June 22 - Greece attacks Turkish troops.
July 1 - Germany declares its neutrality in the war between Poland and Soviet Russia
July 2 - Polish-Soviet War: Red Army continues offensive into Poland.
July 10 - Arthur Meighen becomes Canada's ninth prime minister.
July 12 - Bolshevist Russia recognizes independent Lithuania.
July 13 - London County Council bars foreigners from council jobs.
July 14 - France declares that Faisal I of Syria is deposed and occupies Damascus and Aleppo
July 17 - Republic of Mirdite proclaimed near Albanian-Serbian border with Yugoslav support
July 22 - Polish-Soviet War: Poland sues for peace with Bolshevist Russia.
July 25 - First transatlantic two-way radio broadcast?
July 26 - Pancho Villa takes over Sabina and contacts de la Huerta to offer his conditional surrender. He signs his surrender in July 28
July 29 - The United States Bureau of Reclamation begins contruction of the Link River Dam as part of the Klamath Reclamation Project.

August-September

August 2 - British parliament passes bill to restore order in Ireland, suspending jury trials.
August 3 - Catholics riot in Belfast.
August 10 - Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives sign the Treaty of Sevres.
August 11 - Bolshevik Russia recognizes independent Estonia and Latvia.
August 13 - August 25 - Polish-Soviet War: The Red Army is defeated in the Battle of Warsaw.
August 15 - Town Hall of Templemore, Ireland, is burned down during the riots.
August 19-August 25 - Second Silesian Uprising, the Poles in Upper Silesia rise against the Germans
August 20 - The first commercial radio station in the United States, 8MK (WWJ), begins operations in Detroit, Michigan.
August 26 - 19th Amendment to US constitution is passed, guaranteeing women's suffrage.
September 4 - La Tercio de Extranjenos, the "Regiment of Foreigners" (modern-day Spanish Legion) inaugurated in Spain
September 5 - Presidential elections begin in Mexico
September 8 - Gabriele D'Annunzio proclaims the Italian Regency of Carnaro in the city of Fiume.
September 16 - The Wall Street bombing: a bomb in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J.P.Morgan building in New York City - 39 dead, 400 injured
September 20 - The first soldier joins the Spanish Legion.
September 22 - Flying Squad formed in London Metropolitan Police.
September 29 - First domestic radio sets come to stores in USA – Westinghouse radio costs $10.
September 29 - Adolf Hitler makes first public political speech, in Austria.

October-November

October 9 - Polish troops take Vilnius
October 10 - In the Carinthian Plebiscite a large part of Carinthia Province votes to become part of Austria rather than of the Yugoslavia.
October 12 - Polish-Soviet War After Polish army captures Tarnopol, Dubno, Minsk, and Dryssa, the ceasefire is enforced.
October 18 - Thousands of unemployed demonstrate in London ? 50 injured
October 26 - Alvaro Obregon is announced elected president of Mexico
October 27 - League of Nations moves its headquarters to Geneve, Switzerland
November 2 - Warren G. Harding defeats James M. Cox in the U.S. presidential election, the first national U.S. election in which women have the right to vote.
November 2 - In the United States, KDKA AM of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (owned by Westinghouse) starts broadcasting as a commercial radio station. The first broadcast was the results of the U.S. presidential election, 1920.
November 11 - Unknown Soldier buried in Westminster Abbey.
November 15 - In Geneva, the first assembly of the League of Nations is held.
November 16 - Queensland and Northern Territory Aviation Services (Qantas) is founded by Hudson Fysh and Paul McGinniss.
November 17 - The council of the League of Nations accepts the constitution for the Free City of Danzig.
November 21 - Bloody Sunday - British forces open fire on spectators and players during a Football match in Dublin's Croke Park, following the assassinations of 12 British agents.
November 28 - The Third Cork Brigade Flying Column under Gen. Tom Barry successfully ambush two lorries of British soldiers at Kilmichael, Co.Cork.

December

December 1 - Álvaro Obregón became president of Mexico.
December 5 - Referendum in Greece is favorable to reinstatement of monarchy.
December 11 - Martial law in Ireland.
December 16 - Finland joins the League of Nations.
December 16 - 8.6 Richter scale Earthquake causes landslide in Gansu Province, China - 180.000 dead.
December 23 - United Kingdom and France ratify the border between French-held Syria and British-held Palestine.
December 25 - Foundation of The Rosicrucian Fellowship's Spiritual Healing Temple "The Ecclesia" at Mount Ecclesia, Oceanside, California (United States).

Undated

Number of US Americans move to Paris to escape the Prohibition
France prohibits selling of contraceptives.
Roman Ungern von Sternberg conquers Urga and declares himself as a ruler of Mongolia.
Kurd rebellion in Turkey begins.
Johnny Torrio invites Al Capone to Chicago, Illinois from New York City, New York.
Bricks of wine are widely sold throughout U.S.

Births

April

April 1 - Toshirô Mifune, Japanese actor (d. 1997)
April 2 - Jack Webb, American actor, director, and producer (d. 1982)
April 5 - Arthur Hailey, American writer (d. 2004)
April 6 - Edmond H. Fischer, Swiss-American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
April 7 - Ravi Shankar, Indian sitar player
April 11 - Peter O'Donnell, British cartoonist and writer
April 15 - Thomas Stephen Szasz, Hungarian-born psychiatrist and writer
April 13 - Liam Cosgrave, President of Ireland
April 21 - Edmund Adamkiewicz, German footballer (d. 1991)
April 27 - Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (d. 1956)
April 29 - Harold Shapero, American composer

May

May 2 - Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (d. 2004)
May 6 - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, first Prime Minister of Fiji and President of Fiji (d. 2004)
May 9 - Richard Adams, English author
May 11 - Denver Pyle, American actor (d. 1997)
May 18 - Pope John Paul II (d. 2005)
May 18 - Lucia Mannucci, Italian singer (Quartetto Cetra)
May 23 - Helen O'Connell, American singer (d. 1993)
May 26 - Peggy Lee, American singer (d. 2002)
May 28 - Gene Levitt, American television writer, producer, and director (d. 1999)
May 29 - John Harsanyi, Hungarian-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
May 30 - Franklin Schaffner, American film and television director (d. 1989)

June

June 2 - Tex Schramm, American football team president and general manager (d. 2003)
June 12 - Dave Berg, American cartoonist (d. 2002)
June 12 - Jim Siedow, American actor (d. 2003)
June 16 - José López Portillo, President of Mexico (d. 2004)
June 17 - François Jacob, French biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
June 25 - Ozan Marsh, American pianist

July

July 10 - Owen Chamberlain, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
July 13 - Bill Towers, English footballer (d. 2000)
July 17 - Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish International Olympic Committee president
July 21 - Isaac Stern, Ukrainian-born violinist (d. 2001)
July 24 - Bella Abzug, American politician (d. 1998)
July 25 - Rosalind Franklin, British crystallographer (d. 1958)

August

August 8 - Leo Chiosso, Italian poet
August 16 - Charles Bukowski, American writer (d. 1994)
August 18 - Bob Kennedy, baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
August 18 - Shelley Winters, American actress (d. 2006)
August 21 - Christopher Robin Milne, English author and bookseller (d. 1996)
August 22 - Ray Bradbury, American writer
August 29 - Charlie Parker, American jazz saxophonist and composer (d. 1955)

September

September 10 - Fabio Taglioni, Italian motorcycle engineer (d. 2001)
September 14 - Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan writer
September 14 - Lawrence Klein, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
September 22 - William H. Riker, American political scientist (d. 1993)
September 29 - Peter D. Mitchell, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate

October

October 1 - Charles Daudelin, Canadian sculptor (d. 2001)
October 1 - Walter Matthau, American actor (d. 2000)
October 6 - Pietro Consagra, Italian sculptor (d. 2005)
October 8 - Frank Herbert, American author (d. 1986)
October 9 - Jens Bjørneboe, Norwegian author (d. 1976)
October 15 - Mario Puzo, American author (d. 1999)
October 22 - Timothy Leary, American author, psychologist, computer software designer, and advocate of psychedelic drug research and use (d. 1996)
October 29 - Baruj Benacerraf, Venezuelan-born immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
October 31 - Fritz Walter, German football player (d. 2002)

November

November 5 - Douglass North, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
November 21 - Stan Musial, baseball player
November 23 - Paul Celan, Romanian-born poet (d. 1970)
November 25 - Tuanku Syed Putra ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail, King of Malaysia (d. 2000)
November 25 - Ricardo Montalban, Mexican actor
November 25 - Noel Neill, American actress
November 27 - Abe Lenstra, Dutch football player (d. 1985)

December

December 6 - Dave Brubeck, American jazz pianist and composer
December 6 - George Porter, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)
December 9 - Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of the Italian Republic
December 24 - Evgeniya Rudneva, Russian World War II heroine (d. 1944)
December 30 - Jack Lord, American actor (d. 1998)

Date unknown

Patrick Campbell Rodger, Scottish Anglican bishop (d. 2002)
Anne-Sofie Østvedt, Norwegian resistance leader

Deaths

January 2 - Paul Adam, French writer (b. 1862)
January 3 - Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician (b. 1888)
January 4 - Benito Pérez Galdós, Spanish novelist (b. 1843)
January 6 - Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen, Danish mathematician (b. 1839)
January 7 - Edmund Barton, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1849)
January 18 - Giovanni Capurro, Italian poet (b. 1825)
January 24 - William Percy French, Irish songwriter and entertainer (b. 1854)
January 24 - Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (tuberculosis) (b. 1884)
January 24 - William Plunket, 5th Baron Plunket, British diplomat and administrator (b. 1864)
January 26 - Jeanne Hébuterne, French artist, model, and common-law wife of Amedeo Modigliani (suicide) (b. 1898)
February 2 - Field E. Kindley, American World War I aviator (b. 1896)
February 3 - Frank Brown, Governor of Maryland (b. 1846)
February 6 - Augustus F. Goodridge, Canadian merchant and politician (b. 1839)
February 7 - Aleksandr Kolchak, Russian naval commander (b. 1874)
February 15 - Joseph Burton Sumner, founder of Sumner, Mississippi (b. 1837)
February 20 - Joseph J. Fern, Mayor of Honolulu (b. 1872)
February 20 - Robert Peary, American Arctic explorer (b. 1856)
February 27 - William Sherman Jennings, Governor of Florida (b. 1863)
March 1 - John H. Bankhead, U.S. Senator from Alabama (b. 1842)
March 1 - William A. Stone, Governor of Pennsylvania (b. 1846)
March 1 - Joseph Trumpeldor, Russian Zionist (b. 1880)
March 4 - Roswell P. Bishop, U.S. Congressman from Michigan (b. 1843)
March 11 - Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer (b. 1865)
March 13 - Charles Lapworth, English geologist (b. 1842)
March 26 - William Chester Minor, American surgeon (b. 1834)
March 26 - Mary Augusta Ward, Tasmanian novelist (b. 1851)
March 31 - Paul Bachmann, German mathematician (b. 1837)
March 31 - Edwin Warfield, Governor of Maryland (b. 1848)
April 8 - John Brashear, American astronomer (b. 1840)
April 8 - Charles Tomlinson Griffes, American composer (b. 1884)
April 9 - Moritz Cantor, German historian of mathematics (b. 1829)
April 21 - Maria L. Sanford, American educator (b. 1836)
April 26 - Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indian mathematician (b. 1887)
May 1 - Princess Margaret of Connaught, Crown Princess of Sweden (b. 1882)
May 9 - Agnes Macdonald, wife of John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1836
May 11 - James Colosimo, Italian-born gangster (b. 1877)
May 11 - William Dean Howells, American writer (b. 1837)
May 16 - Levi P. Morton, Vice President of the United States (b. 1824)
May 21 - Venustiano Carranza, President of Mexico (b. 1859)
May 21 - Eleanor H. Porter, American novelist (b. 1868)
May 23 - Svetozar Borojevic, Austro-Hungarian field marshal (b. 1856)
May 30 - George Ernest Morrison, Australian adventurer (b. 1862)
June 5 - Rhoda Broughton, Welsh writer (b. 1840)
June 5 - Julia A. Moore, American poet (b. 1847)
June 6 - James Dunsmuir, Canadian politician (b. 1851)
June 13 - Essad Pasha, Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1863)
June 14 - Gabrielle Réjane, French actress (b. 1856)
June 14 - Max Weber, German political economist (b. 1864)
June 18 - Jewett W. Adams, Governor of Nevada (b. 1835)
June 18 - John Macoun, Irish born naturalist (b. 1831)
June 20 - Marie Adolphe Carnot, French chemist, mining engineer, and politician (b. 1839)
June 20 - John Grigg, New Zealand astronomer (b. 1838)
June 27 - Adolphe Basile Routhier, Canadian poet (b. 1839)
July 1 - Delfim Moreira, President of Brazil (b. 1868)
July 2 - William Louis Marshall, American general and engineer (b. 1846)
July 10 - John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher, British admiral (b. 1841)
July 11 - Empress Eugénie of France (b. 1826)
July 14 - Albert Keller, German painter (b. 1844)
July 22 - William Kissam Vanderbilt, American heir (b. 1849)
August 1 - Frank Hanly, Governor of Indiana (b. 1863)
August 1 - Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian nationalist (b. 1856)
August 2 - Ormer Locklear, American pilot (b. 1891)
August 9 - Samuel Griffith, Australian politician and judge (b. 1845)
August 10 - Adam Politzer, Austrian otologist (b. 1835)
August 12 - Hermann Struve, Russian-born astronomer (b. 1854)
August 16 - Henry Daglish, Premier of Australia (b. 1866)
August 16 - Joseph Norman Lockyer, English astronomer (b. 1836)
August 17 - Ray Chapman, baseball player (b. 1891)
August 22 - Anders Zorn, Swedish painter (b. 1860)
August 26 - James Wilson, Scottish-born American politician (b. 1835)
August 31 - Wilhelm Wundt, German physiologist and psychologist (b. 1832)
September 7 - Simon-Napoléon Parent, Premier of Quebec (b. 1855)
September 10 - Olive Thomas, American actress (b. 1894)
September 18 - Robert Beaven, Canadian politician (b. 1836)
September 24 - Peter Carl Fabergé, Russian jeweler (b. 1846)
September 25 - Jacob Schiff, German-born banker and philanthropist (b. 1847)
September 30 - William Wilfred Sullivan, Canadian journalist, politician, and jurist (b. 1843)
October 2 - Winthrop M. Crane, Governor of Massachusetts and Senator (b. 1853)
October 10 - Hudson Stuck, English mountaineer (b. 1865)
October 19 - John Reed, American journalist (b. 1887)
October 20 - Max Bruch, German composer (b. 1838)
October 24 - Grand Duchess Marie Alexandrovna of Russia (b. 1853)
November 1 - Kevin Barry, Irish republican, hanged (b. 1902)
November 4 - Ludwig Struve, Russian astronomer (b. 1858)
November 13 - Luc-Olivier Merson, French painter and illustrator (b. 1846)
November 23 - George Callaghan, British admiral (b. 1852)
November 25 - Gaston Chevrolet, Swiss-born automobile race driver and manufacturer (b. 1892)
November 30 - Eugene W. Chafin, American politician (b. 1852)
December 3 - William de Wiveleslie Abney, English astronomer and photographer (b. 1843)
December 11 - Olive Schreiner, South African writer (b. 1855)
December 12 - Edward Gawler Prior, Canadian mining engineer and politician (b. 1854)
December 14 - George Gipp, American football player (b. 1895)

Nobel prizes

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