1984

Encyclopedia : 1 : 19 : 198 : 1984

For George Orwell's novel, see Nineteen Eighty-Four. For other uses, see 1984 (disambiguation).

| align="center" style="vertical-align:middle;" | }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} }}} |- style="background-color:#f3f3f3" | align="right" | Centuries: | align="center" | 19th century · 20th century · 21st century |- | align="right" | Decades: | align="center" | 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s |- style="background-color:#f3f3f3" | align="right" | Years: | align="center" | 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987

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1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

Contents

Events

January

January 1 - Brunei becomes a fully independent state.
January 1 - Bell System divestiture breaks AT&T into 24 independent units.
January 5 - Richard Stallman starts developing GNU.
January 7 - Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
January 9 - Clara Peller is featured in the "Where's the Beef?" commercial campaign for Wendy's for the first time.
January 10 - The United States and the Vatican establish full diplomatic relations.
January 23 - Peace and Friendship Treaty signed between Argentina and Chile in Vatican City
January 23 - Hulk Hogan defeats The Iron Sheik for the World Wrestling Federation Championship in Madison Square Garden. The cultural movement known as Hulkamania is born.
January 23 - Pop star Michael Jackson's scalp is seriously burned by pyrotechnics during filming of a Pepsi commercial.
January 24 - The first Apple Macintosh goes on sale.

February

February 1 - Medicare comes into effect in Australia.
February 2 - Melbourne newspaper The Age publishes phone taps incriminating an unknown judge.
February 3 - Space Shuttle Challenger is launched on the tenth space shuttle mission.
February 7 - Astronauts Bruce McCandless II and Robert L. Stewart make the first untethered space walk.
February 8 - Opening day of the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo.
February 9 - Soviet leader Yuri Andropov dies.
February 13 - Konstantin Chernenko succeeds the late Yuri Andropov as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
February 18 - Vatican and Italian government sign new concordant changing Roman Catholic as the official religion.
February 26 - United States Marines pull out of Beirut, Lebanon.
February 29 - Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau announces his retirement.

March

March 5 - Iran accuses Iraq of the use of chemical weapons - UN condemns the use on March 30.
March 5 - Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi orders an attack on the Harimandir Sahib, the Sikh holy spot.
March 6 - Twelve month long strike in British coal industry begins See UK Miners' Strike (1984-1985).
March 14 - Sinn Féin's Gerry Adams and three others are seriously injured in a gun attack by the UVF.
March 16 - The CIA station chief in Beirut, William Buckley, is kidnapped by Islamic fundamentalists Islamic Jihad and later dies in captivity.
March 22 - Teachers at the McMartin preschool in Manhattan Beach, California are charged with Satanic ritual abuse of the children in the school. The charges were later dropped as completely unfounded.
March 23 - General Rahimuddin Khan becomes the first man in his native Pakistan's history to rule over two of its provinces, after becoming interim Governor of Sindh.

April

April 4 - President Ronald Reagan calls for an international ban on chemical weapons.
April 12 - Palestinian gunmen take Israeli bus number 300 hostage. Israeli special forces storm the bus freeing the hostages (1 hostage, 2 hijackers killed). 2 other hijackers were captured and then killed in secret service interrogations, causing a major scandal and secret service upheaval.
April 13 - India launches Operation Meghdoot, as most of the Siachen Glacier in Kashmir comes under Indian control.
April 17 - WPC Yvonne Fletcher is shot dead by a secluded gunman during a siege outside the Libyan Embassy in London in the event known as the 1984 Libyan Embassy Siege.
April 19 - Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.
April 25 - End of term for Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Mustain Billah ibni Almarhum Sultan Sir Abu Bakar Riayatuddin Al-Muadzam Shah as the 7th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
April 26 - Baginda Almutawakkil Alallah Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail, Sultan of Johor becomes the 8th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.

May

May 2 - The Liverpool International Garden Festival opens in Liverpool.
May 8 - The Soviet Union announces that it will boycott the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.
May 8 - Denis Lortie kills three government employees in the National Assembly of Quebec building.
May 8 - The longest game in Major League Baseball history begins at 7:30 PM between the Milwaukee Brewers and the Chicago White Sox. The game would be played over the course of two days lasting 25 innings with a total time of eight hours and six minutes.
May 11 - A transit of Earth from Mars takes place.
May 12 - The Louisiana World's Fair opens.
May 14 - The one dollar coin is introduced in Australia.

June

June 5 - The Indian government begins Operation Blue Star, the planned attack on the Golden Temple in Amritsar.
June 6 - Indian troops storm the Golden Temple at Amritsar, the Sikh's holiest shrine, killing an estimated 300 people.
June 8 - A deadly F5 tornado nearly destroys the town of Barneveld, Wisconsin, killing nine people, injuring nearly 200, and causing over $25,000,000 in damage.
June 8 - The film Ghostbusters is released into theaters -- becoming a summer blockbuster hit with the song "Ghostbusters" by Ray Parker Jr. becoming a Top 40 hit.
June 20 - The biggest exam shake-up in the British education system in over 10 years is announced with O-level and CSE exams to be replaced by a new exam, the GCSE.
June 22 - The official name of the Turkish city Urfa is changed into Sanliurfa.
June 22 - Inaugural flight of Virgin Atlantic.
June 27 - France beat Spain 2-0 to win Euro 84.
June 30 - John Turner becomes Canada's seventeenth prime minister.

July

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July 4 - Richard Petty wins his 200th career NASCAR victory at the Firecracker 400, in Daytona, Florida.
July 9 - Lightning sets fire to York Minster.
July 14 - New Zealand Prime Minister Robert Muldoon calls a snap election and is heavily defeated by opposition Labour leader David Lange.
July 18 - The first Culver's opens in Sauk City, Wisconsin.
July 18 - In San Ysidro, California, 41-year-old James Oliver Huberty sprays a McDonald's restaurant with gunfire, killing 21 people before being shot dead.
July 21 - In Jackson, Michigan, a factory robot crushes a worker against a safety bar in what is apparently the first robot-related death in the United States.
July 23 - Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown, after nude photos of her appeared in "Penthouse" magazine.
July 25 - Salyut 7 Cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.
July 28 - Opening day of the 1984 Summer Olympics

August

August 1 - Australian banks are deregulated.
August 4 - The African republic Upper Volta changes its name to Burkina Faso.
August 16 - John De Lorean is acquitted of all eight charges of possessing and distributing cocaine.
August 21 - Half a million people in Manila demonstrate against the regime of Ferdinand Marcos.
August 30 - STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery takes off on its maiden voyage.

September

September 2 - Seven people are shot dead and 12 are wounded in a bikie shootout between rival gangs Bandidos and Comancheros in the Sydney suburb of Milperra.
September 4 - The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, led by Brian Mulroney wins 211 seats in the House of Commons, forming the largest majority government in Canadian history
September 4 - The Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends television series was first broadcasted on ITV.
September 5 - STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery lands after its maiden voyage.
September 5 - Western Australia becomes the last Australian state to abolish capital punishment.
September 16 - Miami Vice first airs on NBC.
September 17 - Brian Mulroney becomes Canada's eighteenth prime minister.
September 26 - United Kingdom and People's Republic of China sign the initial agreement to return Hong Kong to China in 1997.

October

October 4 - Tim Macartney-Snape and Greg Mortimer became the first Australians to summit Mount Everest.
October 5 - Marc Garneau becomes the first Canadian in space, aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger (41-6).
October 11 - Aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger, astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk.
October 12 - The PIRA attempts to assassinate the British Cabinet in the Brighton hotel bombing.
October 19 - Polish secret police arrests Jerzy Popiełuszko, a Catholic priest, because of his support of the Solidarity movement. His dead body is found in a reservoir 11 days later on October 30.
October 31 - Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is assassinated by two Sikh security guards. Riots soon broke out in New Delhi, and some 2,700 innocent Sikhs were killed.

November

November 2 - Capital punishment: Velma Barfield becomes the first woman executed in the United States since 1962.
November 6 - Ronald Reagan defeats Walter F. Mondale in the U.S. presidential election with 59% of the popular vote, the highest since Richard Nixon's 61% victory in 1972. Reagan carries 49 states and Mondale manages to win only his home state of Minnesota by a mere 3,761 vote margin and the District of Columbia.
November 19 - A series of explosions at the PEMEX petroleum storage facility at San Juan Ixhuatepec in Mexico City ignites a major fire and kills about 500 people.
November 20 - SETI is founded.
November 23 - Doug Flutie of Boston College throws a hail mary pass to Gerald Phelan, giving Boston College a 47-45 win over the Miami Hurricanes.
November 25 - 36 of Britain and Ireland's top pop musicians gathered in a Notting Hill studio to form Band Aid and recorded the song "Do They Know It's Christmas" in order to raise money for famine relief in Ethiopia.
November 25 – A KCR East Rail train derails between Sheung Shui and Fanling stations, Hong Kong.
November 28 - Over 250 years after their deaths, William Penn and his wife Hannah Callowhill Penn are made Honorary Citizens of the United States.
November 30 - The Tamil Tigers begin the purge of the Sinhalese from North and East Sri Lanka, and 127 are killed.

December

December 2 - Bob Hawke's government is re-elected in Australia with a reduced majority.
December 3 - Bhopal Disaster: A methyl isocyanate leak from a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, kills more than 2,000 people outright and injures anywhere from 150,000 to 600,000 others (some 6,000 of whom would later die from their injuries) in one of the worst industrial disasters in history.
December 3 - British Telecom privatised.
December 19 - The People's Republic of China and United Kingdom sign the Sino-British Joint Declaration which concerns the future of Hong Kong.
December 22 - Four African-American youths, Barry Allen, Troy Canty, James Ramseur, and Darrell Cabey, board an express train in The Bronx borough of New York City. They attempt to rob Bernhard Hugo Goetz, who shoots them. The event starts a national debate about urban crime, which was a plague in 1980s America.
December 22 - In Malta, prime minister Dom Mintoff resigns.
December 28 - A Soviet cruise missile plunges into Inarinjärvi lake in Finnish Lapland. Finnish authorities announce the fact in public on January 3, 1985
December 31 - Rajiv Gandhi becomes prime minister of India.

Unknown dates

Ethiopian famine begins.
A peace agreement between Kenya and Somalia was signed in the Egyptian capital Cairo in December 1984. With this agreement, in which Somalia officially renounced its historical territorial claims, relations between the two countries began to improve.
Chatham Dockyard in Medway, England closed after being used a ship-building yard for over 400 years since the reign of King Henry VIII.

Births

January

January 1 - Keyra Augustina, model
January 1 - Michael Witt, Australian rugby league player
January 2 - Lauren Bush, model
January 3 - Maya Ababadjani, actress
January 3 - Charlotte Marshall, model
January 12 - Scott Olsen, American baseball player
January 13 - Eleni Ioannou, Greek martial artist (d. 2004)
January 15 - Megan Quann, swimmer
January 19 - Zakia Mrisho Mohamed
January 25 - Ines Cudna, model
January 26 - Rebecca Ritters, actress
January 26 - Luo Xuejuan, swimmer
January 29 - Natalie du Toit, South African swimmer

February

February 10 - Kim Hyo Jin, Korean actress
February 12 - Alexandra Dahlström, actress
February 25 - Xing Huina, Chinese athlete
February 28 - Karolina Kurkova, model
February 29 - Alicia Hollowell, softball pitcher

March

March 1 - Naima Mora, winner of America's Next Top Model cycle 4
March 20 - Christy Carlson Romano, actress
March 20 - Marcus Vick, American football player
March 20 - Nomura Yuka, Japanese actress
March 24 - Chris Bosh, American Basketball player currently playing with the Toronto Raptors
March 25 - Katharine McPhee, American Idol 5 runner-up
March 28 - Nikki Sanderson, British actress

April

April 1 - Amanda Righetti, American Actress
April 3 - Allana Slater, Australian gymnast
April 4 - Sean May, American basketball player
April 8 - Kirsten Storms, American actress
April 10:
*Mandy Moore, American singer and actress
*Cara DeLizia, young actress.
April 11 - Kelli Garner, American actress
April 13 - Kris Britt, Australian cricketer
April 17 - Rosanna Davison, Irish model
April 18 - America Ferrera, American actress
April 22 - Michelle Ryan, British actress
April 23 - Alexandra Kosteniuk, Russian chess player
April 27 - Patrick Stump, American singer (Fall Out Boy)
April 29 - Taylor Cole, American actress and model
April 29 - Lina Krasnoroutskaya, Russian tennis player and commentator

May

May 1 - Farah Fath, American actress
May 5 - Wade MacNeil, Canadian guitarist
May 11 - Andres Iniesta, Spanish footballer
May 17 - Christine Robinson, Canadian water polo player
May 24 - Sarah Hagan, American actress
May 25 - Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir, "Miss Iceland", crowned Miss World in 2005
May 29 - Carmelo Anthony, American basketball player
May 31 - Jason Smith, Australian actor

June

June 1 - Oliver Tielemans, Dutch racecar driver
June 11 - Vagner Love, Brazilian footballer
June 13 - Berangere Schuh, French archer
June 16 - Rick Nash, Canadian Hockey Player, Columbus Blue Jackets
June 24 - J.J. Redick, American basketball player
June 25 - Amrita Hunjan, British RnB Singer
June 26 - Raymond Felton, American basketball player

July

July 11 - Tanith Belbin, Canadian figure skater
July 12 - Michael McGovern, Northern Irish footballer
July 19 - Adam Morrison, American basketball player
July 22 - Kinzie Kenner, American pornographic actress

August

August 12 - Sherone Simpson, Jamaican athlete
August 13 - Luke Thompson, American entrepreneurial failure
August 20 - Mirai Moriyama, Japanese actor
August 21 - Alizée Jacotey, French singer

September

September 1 - Joe Trohman, American musician
September 7 - Farveez Maharoof, Sri Lankan cricketer
September 7 - Vera Zvonareva, Russian tennis player
September 14 - Adam Lamberg, American actor
September 15 - Prince Harry of Wales
September 16 - Katie Melua, Georgian singer
September 23 - Anneliese van der Pol, Dutch actress
September 25 - Rashad McCants, American basketball player
September 27 - Avril Lavigne, Canadian Singer
September 28 - Helen Oyeyemi, British novelist
September 30 - Megan Ewing, American model

October

October 3 - Ashlee Simpson, American singer and actress
October 10 - Chiaki Kuriyama, Japanese actress
October 14 - Santino Quaranta, American soccer player
October 16 - Melissa Lauren, pornographic actress
October 18 - Holly Dunaway, boxer
October 26 - Sasha Cohen, American figure skater
October 27 - Kelly Osbourne, English singer

November

November 7 - Amelia Vega, Miss Universe 2003, from the Dominican Republic
November 9 - Delta Goodrem, Australian actress and singer
November 9 - Se7en, South Korean singer
November 16 - Velavan, Thanmaana Tamizhan
November 21 - Jena Malone, American actress
November 23 - Scarlett Johansson, American actress
November 28 - Mary Elizabeth Winstead, American actress
November 28 - Andrew Bogut, Australian basketball player
November 28 - Trey Songz, American singer
November 28 - Marc-Andre Fleury, Canadian hockey player

December

December 14 - Chris Brunt, Northern Irish footballer
December 25 - The Veronicas, Australian singers
December 30 - LeBron James, American basketball player

Deaths

January-April

January 7 - Alfred Kastler, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
January 20 - Johnny Weissmuller, Austrian-born swimmer and actor (b. 1904)
January 21 - Jackie Wilson, American singer (b. 1934)
January 22 - Sir Count Michael Gonzi, Archbishop of Malta and past politician (b. 1885)
January 30 - Luke Kelly, Irish folk singer (b. 1940)
February 8 - Karel Miljon, Dutch boxer (b. 1903)
February 9 - Yuri Andropov, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1914)
February 10 - David Von Erich, professional wrestler (b. 1958)
February 12 - Julio Cortázar, Argentine writer (b. 1914)
February 15 - Ethel Merman, American singer and actress (b. 1908)
February 21 - Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
February 22 - Jessamyn West, American writer (b. 1902)
March 1 - Jackie Coogan, American actor (b. 1914)
March 5 - Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone (b. 1915)
March 5 - William Powell, American actor (b. 1892)
March 12 - Arnold Ridley, English playwright and actor (b. 1896)
March 16 - John Hoagland, American photographer (b. 1947)
March 18 - Charlie Lau, American baseball player (b. 1933)
March 21 - Sir Michael Redgrave, English actor (b. 1908)
March 24 - Sam Jaffe, American actor (b. 1891)
April 1 - Marvin Gaye, American singer (b. 1939)
April 8 - Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1894)
April 11 – Edgar V. Saks, Estonian statesman and historian (b. 1910)
April 15 - Tommy Cooper, Welsh comedian and magician (b. 1921)
April 20 - Hristo Prodanov, Bulgarian mountaineer (b. 1943)
April 22 - Ansel Adams, American photographer (b. 1902)
April 26 - Count Basie, American musician and composer (b. 1904)

May-August

May 2 - Jack Barry, American television host and producer (b. 1918)
May 16 - Andy Kaufman, American comedian (b. 1949)
May 16 - Irwin Shaw, American author (b. 1913)
May 19 - John Betjeman, English poet (b. 1906)
May 28 - Eric Morecambe, British comedian (b. 1926)
June 16 - Lew Andreas, American basketball coach (b. 1895)
June 26 - Michel Foucault, French philosopher (d. 1926)
July 1 - Moshé Feldenkrais, Ukrainain founder of the Feldenkrais Method (b. 1904)
July 8 - Brassaï, Hungarian-born photographer (b. 1899)
July 14 - Philippe Wynne, American musician (b. 1941)
July 26 - Ed Gein, American serial killer (b. 1906)
August 2 - Quirino Cristiani, Argentine animated film director (b. 1896)
August 5 - Richard Burton, Welsh actor (b. 1925)
August 11 - Alfred A. Knopf, American publisher (b. 1892)
August 13 - Tigran Petrosian, Georgian chess player (b. 1929)
August 14 - J. B. Priestley, English novelist and playwright (b. 1894)
August 25 - Waite Hoyt, baseball player and Truman Capote, writer. (b. 1899)

September-December

September 25 - Walter Pidgeon, Canadian actor (b. 1897)
October 5 - Leonard Rossiter, British actor (b. 1926)
October 12 - Sir Anthony Berry, British politician (bombing) (b. 1925)
October 14 - Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (b. 1918)
October 20 - Carl Ferdinand Cori, Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)
October 20 - Paul Dirac, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
October 21 - François Truffaut, French film director (b. 1932)
October 31 - Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (assassinated) (b. 1917)
November 6 - Gastón Suárez, Bolivian novelist and dramatist (b. 1929)
November 16 - Leonard Rose, American cellist (leukemia) (b. 1918)
November 18 - Mary Hamman, American writer and editor, modern living editor LIFE and eidtor in chief Bride & Home (b. 1907)
December 8 - Luther Adler, American actor (b. 1903)
December 11 - Oskar Seidlin, Silesian-born Jewish-American literary scholar (b. 1911)
December 14 - Vicente Aleixandre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)
December 15 - Jan Peerce, American tenor (b. 1904)
December 20 - Gonzalo Márquez, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player (b. 1946)
December 28 - Sam Peckinpah, American film director (b. 1926)

Nobel prizes

Physics - Carlo Rubbia, Simon van der Meer
Chemistry - Robert Bruce Merrifield
Medicine - Niels Kaj Jerne, Georges J.F. Köhler, César Milstein
Literature - Jaroslav Seifert
Peace - Bishop Desmond Mpilo Tutu

Richard Stone

Fictional references

The novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four, written by George Orwell in 1948, presents a dystopian view of how life might be in the year the protagonist believes to be 1984.

In the movie The Terminator both the title character and Kyle Reese are sent back through time from 2029 to May 12, 1984.

In the cartoon The Transformers, the Autobots and Decepticons awaken after 4 million years.

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