1 inch type C videotape
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1 inch Type C (designated Type C by SMPTE) is a professional open-reel videotape format co-developed and introduced by Ampex and Sony in 1976. It became the replacement in the professional video & television broadcast industries for the then incumbent Quadruplex (2 inch Quad for short) open-reel format, due to the smaller size & slightly higher video quality of 1 inch type C.
1 inch Type C is capable of "trick-play" functions such as still, shuttle, and variable-speed playback. These were capabilities that 2 inch Quad was not capable of, due to its segmented nature of recording the video tracks onto the tape. Also, 1 inch Type C VTRs required much less maintenance (and used less power & space) than those for 2 inch Quad.
Despite being a composite format like U-matic or VHS, 1 inch Type C has very high video quality, approaching the quality of component analog videotape formats like Betacam.
The quality and reliability of 1 inch Type C made it a mainstay in television & professional video for almost 20 years, before being supplanted by more compact formats like Betacam, DVCAM, and DVCPro.
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