2 Live Crew
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2 Live Crew is a rap group. They caused considerable controversy with the sexual themes in their work, particularly on their 1989 album As Nasty As They Wanna Be.
2 Live Crew began in California, consisting of Chris (Fresh Kid Ice) Wongwon, David (Mr. Mixx) Hobbs (not to be confused with the former basketball coach or the British race car driver), and Amazing V. They released "Revelation" in 1985; the single sold well in Florida and Hobbs and Wongwon moved there, releasing What I Like along with Mark "Brother Marquis" Roth. They received a record deal from manager and eventual performer Luther Campbell, who used the nickname "Luke Skyywalker".
1987 saw the release of The 2 Live Crew Is What We Are, featuring profane and sexually graphic lyrics. Bob Rosenberg of Will to Power did trick edits on Beat Box and was billed "King of the edits". The record went gold. Though the controversy did not rise to the levels the group would reach in the future, a Florida store clerk was charged and acquitted of felony charges for selling the album to a fourteen-year-old girl in 1987.
Campbell decided to sell a clean version of the next album, Move Somethin' (1988). A record store clerk in Alabama was cited and fined for selling a copy to an undercover cop in 1988, though the verdict was overturned on appeal.
As Nasty As They Wanna Be
The American Family Association did not think the presence of a "Parental Advisory" sticker was enough to adequately warn listeners of what was inside the case. Jack Thompson, a lawyer affiliated with the AFA, met with Florida Governor Bob Martinez and convinced him to look into the album to see if it met the legal classification of "obscene." It was decided in 1990 that action should be taken at the local level and Nick Navarro, Broward County sheriff received a ruling from Judge Mel Grossman that probable cause for obscenity violations existed. Navarro warned record store owners that selling the album may be prosecutable. 2 Live Crew filed a suit against Navarro. That June, Judge Jose Gonzalez ruled against the album, declaring it obscene and illegal to sell. Charles Freeman, a local retailer, was arrested two days later, after selling a copy to an undercover police officer. This was followed by the arrest of three members of 2 Live Crew after they performed some material from the album at a performance. They were acquitted soon after.
As a result of the controversy, As Nasty As They Wanna Be sold over two million copies. A few other retailers were later arrested for selling it as well. The publicity then continued when George Lucas, owner of the Star Wars universe, sued Mr. Campbell for appropriating the name from his franchise. Mr. Campbell changed his stage name to Luke (including the record label to Luke Records) and then released an extremely political solo album Banned in the USA, legally securing the rights to Bruce Springsteen's "Born in the U.S.A." 2 Live Crew paraphernalia with the Luke Skyywalker or Skyywalker logos are usually sought after as collector's items.
In 1991, 2 Live Crew released the very first live rap album, Live in Concert, and , a full-length studio original. Neither lived up to the sales that they experienced with As Nasty As They Wanna Be. The 2 Live Crew members went their separate ways after this.
In 1992, a Court of Appeals overturned the obscenity ruling from Jose Gonzales, and the decision was then upheld by the Supreme Court of the United States. Fresh Kid Ice and Mr. Mixx released unreleased tracks from pre-Luke 2 Live Crew Deal With This under the name Rock on Crew, while Luke and Ice also released new solo albums, I Got Shit on My Mind and The Chinaman, respectively.
The New 2 Live Crew
1994 saw Luke, Fresh Kid Ice and a new addition to the group, Verb, regrouping as The New 2 Live Crew, issuing Back at Your Ass for the Nine-4. During this time the lawsuit brought about by the estate of Roy Orbison, the copyright owners of "Oh, Pretty Woman," went to the Supreme Court. The Crew had parodied the original on the album As Clean As They Wanna Be without permission. The Supreme Court adopted a rule from an earlier Ninth Circuit case Fisher v. Dees. 794 F.2d 432 (9th Cir. 1986) involving Rick Dees, and ruled that 2 Live Crew's parody was fair use (Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc. (92-1292), 510 U.S. 569 (1994)).The New 2 Live Crew broke up in 1995.
Reunion?
Luke, Fresh Kid Ice, Brother Marquis and Mr. Mixx reformed again, to record "Hoochie Mama" for the soundtrack to the movie Friday. The Crew was to reunite for an album but the reunion was short-lived, as Fresh Kid Ice, Mr. Mixx and Brother Marquis left Luke and Luke Records to go to Lil' Joe Records and recorded/released Shake a Lil' Somethin'. Mr. Mixx left soon after leaving Fresh Kid Ice and Brother Marquis to record The Real One in 1998. The 2 Live Crew talked about reuniting in 2004 for a final 2 Live Crew album and tour.The 2 Live Crew did perform at the 2005 Gathering of the Juggalos.
Brother Marquis of 2 Live Crew has now been a born again christian and has quit the band.
Discography
| Year | Title | Label | 1987 | The 2 Live Crew Is What We Are | Luke Records Gold US | 1988 | Move Somethin' | Luke Records Gold US | 1989 | As Nasty As They Wanna Be | Luke Records 2x Platinum | 1989 | As Clean As They Wanna Be | Luke Records | 1990 | Banned in the USA | Luke/Atlantic Records | 1991 | Luke/Atlantic Records | 1994 | Back at Your Ass for the Nine-4 | Luke Records | 1994 | 2 Live Bass | Boomin | 1995 | Original 2 Live Crew | Blue Dolphin | 1996 | Shake a Lil' Somethin' | Little Joe | 1998 | The Real One | Little Joe | 2000 | Private Personal Parts | Little Joe |
Music sample
- [Me So Horny (sample)] ([file info])
- *
- * Problems listening to the file? See [Media helpmedia help].
External links
- [2 Live Crew] at the All Music Guide
- [The 2 Live Crew] at Discogs
- [] at MusicBrainz
- [The unofficial 2 Live Crew Homepage]
- [HipHop Rapture: 2 Live Crew]
- [2 Live Crew Lyrics]
- [A 2001 interview with Brother Marquis], who is now a born-again Christian
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