3 Enoch

Encyclopedia : 3 : 3E : 3EN : 3 Enoch

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Most commonly, the phrase Book of Enoch refers to 1 Enoch, which survives completely only in Ethiopic language. There are also 2 other books including this one the other called 2 Enoch (surviving only in Old Slavonic, c. 1st century; Eng. trans. by R. H. Charles (1896) [link][link]). The numbering of these texts has been applied by scholars to distinguish the texts from one another. The remainder of this article deals with 3 Enoch only.

3 Enoch also called Hebrew Apocalypse of Enoch [link] which only exists in the Hebrew language was created before the 9th century CE (James Davila) possibly 5th-6th century CE.

Layout

1. The Ascension of Ishmael (Chapters. 1-2)
2. Ishmael Meets the Exalted Enoch (Chapters. 3-16)
3. A Description of the Heavenly Household (Chapters. 17-40)
4. The Marvels of Heaven (Chapters. 41-48)

Content

Apocalypse of Enoch contains a number of Greek and Latin words however unlike 1 Enoch it appears that this book was always written in the Hebrew language. There are however a number of things that show that the writers of 3 Enoch had knowledge and had most likely read 1 Enoch.

Points that appear in Enoch 1 and Enoch 3 are

• Enoch ascends to heaven in a storm chariot 3 Enoch 6:1; 7:1
• Enoch is transformed into an angel 3 Enoch 9:1-5; 15:1-2
• Enoch as an exalted angel is enthroned in heaven 3 Enoch 10:1-3; 16:1
• Receives a revelation of cosmological secrets of creation 3 Enoch 13:1-2
• There is a story or stories about precious metals and how they will not avail their users and those who make idols from them 3 Enoch 5:7-14
• One of the characters is a hostile angel named Azaz'el/Aza'el 3 Enoch 4:6; 5:9

This work was said to have been written by Rabbi Ishmael who became a 'high priest' after visions of ascension into heaven 132 CE. A number of scholars however believe that it was in fact written by a number of people over a prolonged period of time [link]. This is one of the reasons that dating it is troublesome however they are quite sure it was written in the area of Babylon.

References

• Craig A. Evans, "Noncanonical Writings and New Testament Interpretation", (1992) p. 24
• James Davila, "Enoch as a Divine Mediator"
• "The Hebrew Book of Enoch" traslated by Hugo Odeberg, New York, Cambridge U.P., 1928

See also

• Angel
• Arakiel
• Enochian
• John Dee
• Noah
• Samyaza
• 1 Enoch
• 2 Enoch
• Enoch

 

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