49 BC
Encyclopedia : 4 : 49 : 49B : 49 BC
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| align="right" | Centuries :2nd century BC · 1st century BC 1st century
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| align="right" | Decades :70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC
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| align="right" | Years: 52 BC 51 BC 50 BC 49 BC 48 BC 47 BC 46 BC
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Events
Roman Republic *Consul s: Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus , Gaius Claudius Marcellus Maior *The Great Roman Civil War commences - **January 1 - The Roman Senate receives a proposal from Julius Caesar that he and Pompey should lay down their commands simultaneously. The Senate responds that Caesar must immediately surrender his command. **January 10 - Julius Caesar leads his army across the Rubicon , which separates his jurisdiction (Cisalpine Gaul) from that of the Senate (Italy), and thus initiates a civil war. In response, the Roman senate invokes the senatus consultum ultimum **February, Pompey's flight to Epirus (in Western Greece) with most of the Senate **March 9, Caesar advances against Pompeian forces in Spain **April 19, Caesar's siege of Massilia against the Pompeian Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus ; the siege was conducted later by Caesarian Gaius Trebonius **June, Caesar arrives in Spain ; seizes the Pyrenees passes against the Pompeians L. Afranius and M. Petreius. **June 7 – Cicero slips out of Italy and goes to Salonika . **July 30, Caesar surrounds Afranius and Petreius's army in Ilerda **August 2, Pompeians in Ilerda surrender to Caesar **August 24 - Caesar's general Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in North Africa by the Pompeians under Attius Varus and King Juba I of Numidia (whom he defeated earlier in the Battle of Utica ), in the Battle of the Bagradas River , and commits suicide. **September - Decimus Brutus , a Caesarian, defeats the combined Pompeian-Massilian naval forces in the naval Battle of Massilia, while the Caesarian fleet in the Adriatic is defeated near Curicta (Krk ) **September 6, Massilia surrendered to Caesar, coming back from Spain **October, Caesar appointed Dictator in Rome Births
Deaths
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