51st United States Congress

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The Fifty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the United States national legislature, including the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1889, to March 3, 1891. This Congress sat during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President Benjamin Harrison, and the apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Tenth Census of the United States in 1880. "|Preceded by:
50th Congress |width="30%" align="center" rowspan=""|Succeeded by:
52nd Congress |- |}

Contents

Dates of Sessions

March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1891

Special Session of the Senate: March 4, 1889 - April 2, 1889.
First session: December 2, 1889 - October 1, 1890
Second session: December 1, 1890 - March 2, 1891 — a lame duck session.

Major events

Main article: Events of 1889; Events of 1890; Events of 1891

This Congress was dominated by the Republican Party. It was responsible for a number of pieces of landmark legislation, many of which asserted the authority of the federal government. Emboldened by their success in the elections of 1888, the Republicans enacted virtually their entire platform during their first 303-day session, including a measure that provided American Civil War veterans with generous pensions and expanded the list of eligible recipients to include noncombatants and the children of veterans. Grover Cleveland had vetoed a similar bill in 1887. It was criticized as the "Billion Dollar Congress'" for its lavish spending and, for this reason, it incited drastic reversals in public support that led to Cleveland's reelection in 1892. Other important legislation passed into law by the Congress included the McKinley tariff, authored by Representative (and future President) William McKinley; the Sherman Antitrust Act, which prohibited business combinations that restricted trade; and the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, which required the U.S. government to mint silver. The last two were concessions to Western farmer interests in exchange for support of the tariff and would become central tenets of the Populist Party later in the decade. They were authored by Senator John Sherman of Ohio. The Fifty-first Congress was also responsible for passing the Land Revision Act of 1891, which created the national forests. Harrison authorized America's first forest reserve in Yellowstone, Wyoming, the same year. Other bills were discussed but failed to pass, including two significant pieces of legislation focused on ensuring African Americans the right to vote. Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts sponsored a so-called Force Bill that would have established federal supervision of Congressional elections so as to prevent the disfranchisement of southern blacks. Henry W. Blair of New Hampshire sponsored the Blair Education Bill, which advocated the use of federal aid for education in order to frustrate southern whites employing literacy tests to prevent blacks from registering to vote.

Major legislation

''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the Fifty-first Congress

July 2, 1890 - Sherman Antitrust Act, (ch. 647, 26 Stat. 209, #redirect [[Template:UnitedStatesCode]] et seq.)
1890 - Sherman Silver Purchase Act (ch. 708, 26 Stat. 289)
1890 - McKinley tariff (ch. 1244, 26 Stat. 567)
1891 - Forest Reserve Act of 1891
1891 - Land Revision Act of 1891

Party summary

Senate

Republicans: 39
Democrats: 37

TOTAL members: 76

House of Representatives

Republicans: 167
Democrats: 152
Labor: 2

TOTAL members: 321

delegates: 1

Officers

Senate

Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
* Levi P. Morton, Republican of New York.
President Pro Tempore:
* John J. Ingalls, Republican of Kansas, first elected in this Congress March 7, 1889.
* Charles F. Manderson, Republican of Nebraska, elected March 2, 1891.
Secretary of the Senate:
* Anson C. McCook of Ohio
Sergeant at Arms of the Senate:
* William P. Canaday of North Carolina, resigned June 30, 1890.
* Edward K. Valentine of Nebraska, elected June 30, 1890.
Chaplain of the Senate:
* John George Butler, Lutheran.

House of Representatives

Speaker of the House:
* Thomas B. Reed, Republican of Maine, elected December 2, 1889.
Clerk of the House:
* John B. Clark, Jr. of Missouri, reelected December 7, 1885.
* Edward McPherson of Pennsylvania, reelected December 2, 1889.
Sergeant at Arms of the House:
* Adoniram J. Holmes of Iowa, elected December 2, 1889.
Doorkeeper of the House:
* Charles E. Adams of Maryland, elected December 2, 1889.
Postmaster of the House:
* James L. Wheat of Wisconson, elected December 2, 1889, resigned October 1, 1890.
* James W. Hathaway of Montana, elected December 15, 1890.
Chaplain of the House:

William Henry Milburn, Methodist, reelected December 2, 1889.

Party Leadership

Senate

Democratic Caucus Chairman:
* James B. Beck, Democratic of Kentucky
* Arthur P. Gorman, Democratic of Maryland
Republican Conference Chairman:
* George F. Edmunds, Republican of Vermont

House of Representatives

Democratic Caucus Chairman:
* William S. Holman, Democrat of Indiana.
Republican Conference Chairman:
* Thomas J. Henderson, Republican of Illinois.

Members

At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Nearly all of the members of the House of Representatives were elected to single member districts, by popular vote.

Senate

Alabama

John T. Morgan (1824-1907), Democratic
James L. Pugh (1820-1907), Democratic

Arkansas

James K. Jones (1839-1908), Democratic
John D. Alderson (1854-1910), Democratic

California

Leland Stanford (1824-1893), Republican
George Hearst (1820-1891), Democratic ...died in office February 28, 1891.

Colorado

Henry M. Teller (1830-1914), Republican

Edward O. Wolcott (1848-1905), Republican

Connecticut

Orville H. Platt (1827-1905), Republican
Joseph R. Hawley (1826-1905), Republican

Delaware

George Gray (1840-1925), Democratic

Anthony Higgins (1840-1912), Republican

Florida

Wilkinson Call (1834-1910), Democratic
Samuel Pasco (1834-1917), Democratic

Georgia

Joseph E. Brown (1821-1894), Democratic

Alfred H. Colquitt (1824-1894), Democratic

Idaho

George L. Shoup (1836-1904), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 29, 1890.
William J. McConnell (1839-1925), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated January 5, 1891.

Illinois

Shelby M. Cullom (1829-1914), Republican
Charles B. Farwell (1823-1903), Republican

Indiana

Daniel W. Voorhees (1827-1897), Democratic
David Turpie (1828-1909), Democratic

Iowa

William B. Allison (1829-1908), Republican

James F. Wilson (1828-1895), Republican

Kansas

John J. Ingalls (1833-1900), Republican

Preston B. Plumb (1837-1891), Republican

Kentucky

James B. Beck (1822-1890), Democratic ...died in office May 3, 1890.

Joseph C.S. Blackburn (1838-1918), Democratic

John G. Carlisle (1834-1910), Democratic ...resigned House May 29, 1890, ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 26, 1890.

Louisiana

Randall L. Gibson (1832-1892), Democratic

James B. Eustis (1834-1899), Democratic

Maine

Eugene Hale (1836-1918), Republican
William P. Frye (1830-1911), Republican

Maryland

Arthur P. Gorman (1839-1906), Democratic

Ephraim K. Wilson (1821-1891), Democratic ...died in office February 24, 1891.

Massachusetts

Henry L. Dawes (1816-1903), Republican

George F. Hoar (1826-1904), Republican

Michigan

Francis B. Stockbridge (1826-1894), Republican

James McMillan (1838-1902), Republican

Minnesota

Cushman K. Davis (1838-1900), Republican

William D. Washburn (1831-1912), Republican

Mississippi

James Z. George (1826-1897), Democratic

Edward C. Walthall (1831-1898), Democratic

Missouri

Francis M. Cockrell (1834-1915), Democratic
George G. Vest (1830-1904), Democratic

Montana

Thomas C. Power (1839-1923), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated April 16, 1890.

Wilbur F. Sanders (1834-1905), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated April 16, 1890.

Nebraska

Charles F. Manderson (1837-1911), Republican
Algernon S. Paddock (1830-1897), Republican

Nevada

John P. Jones (1829-1912), Republican

William M. Stewart (1827-1909), Republican

New Hampshire

Henry W. Blair (1834-1920), Republican

Gilman Marston (1811-1890), Republican …appointed to fill vacancy, served until June 18, 1889.

: William E. Chandler (1835-1917), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated June 18, 1889.

New Jersey

John R. McPherson (1833-1897), Democratic

Rufus Blodgett (1834-1910), Democratic

New York

William M. Evarts (1818-1901), Republican

Frank Hiscock (1834-1914), Republican

North Carolina

Matt W. Ransom (1826-1904), Democratic

Zebulon B. Vance (1830-1894), Democratic

North Dakota

Lyman R. Casey (1837-1914), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 4, 1889.
Gilbert A. Pierce (1839-1901), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 4, 1889.

Ohio

John Sherman (1823-1900), Republican
Henry B. Payne (1810-1896), Democratic

Oregon

Joseph N. Dolph (1835-1897), Republican

John H. Mitchell (1835-1905), Republican

Pennsylvania

J. Donald Cameron (1833-1918), Republican

Matthew S. Quay (1833-1904), Republican

Rhode Island

Nelson W. Aldrich (1841-1915), Republican
Jonathan Chace (1829-1917), Republican ...resigned April 9, 1889.
Nathan F. Dixon (1847-1897), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.

South Carolina

Matthew C. Butler (1836-1909), Democratic

Wade Hampton, III (1818-1902), Democratic

South Dakota

Richard F. Pettigrew (1848-1926), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
Gideon C. Moody (1832-1904), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

Tennessee

Isham G. Harris (1818-1897), Democratic
William B. Bate (1826-1905), Democratic

Texas

Richard Coke (1829-1897), Democratic

John H. Reagan (1818-1905), Democratic

Vermont

George F. Edmunds (1828-1919), Republican
Justin S. Morrill (1810-1898), Republican

Virginia

John W. Daniel (1842-1910), Democratic

John S. Barbour, Jr. (1820-1892), Democratic

Washington

John B. Allen (1845-1903), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
Watson C. Squire (1838-1926), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

West Virginia

John E. Kenna (1848-1893), Democratic
Charles J. Faulkner (1847-1929), Democratic

Wisconsin

Philetus Sawyer (1816-1900), Republican

John C. Spooner (1843-1919), Republican

Wyoming

Joseph M. Carey (1845-1924), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.
Francis E. Warren (1844-1929), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.

House of Representatives

Alabama

1. Richard H. Clarke (1843-1906), Democratic
2. Hilary A. Herbert (1834-1919), Democratic
3. William C. Oates (1835-1910), Democratic
4. Louis W. Turpin (1849-1903), Democratic ...contested election, served until June 4, 1890.
: John V. McDuffie (1841-1896), Republican ...contested election, seated June 4, 1890.
5. James E. Cobb (1835-1903), Democratic
6. John H. Bankhead (1842-1920), Democratic
7. William H. Forney (1823-1894), Democratic
8. Joseph Wheeler (1836-1906), Democratic

Arkansas

1. William H. Cate (1839-1899), Democratic ...contested election, served until March 5, 1890.
: Lewis P. Featherstone (1851-1922), Labor ...contested election, seated March 5, 1890.
2. Clifton R. Breckinridge (1846-1932), Democratic ...contested election, served until September 5, 1890.; elected to fill resulting vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
3. Thomas C. McRae (1851-1929), Democratic
4. John H. Rogers (1845-1911), Democratic
5. Samuel W. Peel (1831-1924), Democratic

California

1. John J. De Haven (1849-1913), Republican ...resigned October 1, 1890.
: Thomas J. Geary (1854-1929), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 9, 1890.
2. Marion Biggs (1823-1910), Democratic
3. Joseph McKenna (1843-1926), Republican
4. William W. Morrow (1843-1929), Republican
5. Thomas J. Clunie (1852-1903), Democratic
6. William Vandever (1817-1893), Republican

Colorado

A/L. Hosea Townsend (1840-1909), Republican

Connecticut

1. William E. Simonds (1842-1903), Republican
2. Washington F. Willcox (1834-1909), Democratic
3. Charles A. Russell (1852-1902), Republican
4. Frederick Miles (1815-1896), Republican

Delaware

A/L. John B. Penington (1825-1902), Democratic

Florida

1. Robert H.M. Davidson (1832-1908), Democratic
2. Robert Bullock (1828-1905), Democratic

Georgia

1. Rufus E. Lester (1837-1906), Democratic
2. Henry G. Turner (1839-1904), Democratic
3. Charles F. Crisp (1845-1896), Democratic
4. Thomas W. Grimes (1844-1905), Democratic
5. John D. Stewart (1833-1894), Democratic
6. James H. Blount (1837-1903), Democratic
7. Judson C. Clements (1846-1917), Democratic
8. Henry H. Carlton (1835-1905), Democratic
9. Allen D. Candler (1834-1910), Democratic
10. George T. Barnes (1833-1901), Democratic

Idaho

A/L. Willis Sweet (1856-1925), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.

Illinois

1. Abner Taylor (1829-1903), Republican
2. Frank Lawler (1842-1896), Democratic
3. William E. Mason (1850-1921), Republican
4. George E. Adams (1840-1917), Republican
5. Albert J. Hopkins (1846-1922), Republican
6. Robert R. Hitt (1834-1906), Republican
7. Thomas J. Henderson (1824-1911), Republican
8. Charles A. Hill (1833-1902), Republican
9. Lewis E. Payson (1840-1909), Republican
10. Philip S. Post (1833-1895), Republican
11. William H. Gest (1838-1912), Republican
12. Scott Wike (1834-1901), Democratic
13. William M. Springer (1836-1903), Democratic
14. Jonathan H. Rowell (1833-1908), Republican
15. Joseph G. Cannon (1836-1926), Republican
16. George W. Fithian (1854-1921), Democratic
17. Edward Lane (1842-1912), Democratic
18. William S. Forman (1847-1908), Democratic
19. Richard W. Townshend (1840-1899), Democratic ...died March 9, 1889, before Congress assembled.
: James R. Williams (1850-1923), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
20. George W. Smith (1846-1907), Republican

Indiana

1. William F. Parrett (1825-1895), Democratic
2. John H. O'Neall (1838-1907), Democratic
3. Jason B. Brown (1839-1898), Democratic
4. William S. Holman (1822-1897), Democratic
5. George W. Cooper (1851-1899), Democratic
6. Thomas M. Browne (1829-1891), Republican
7. William D. Bynum (1846-1927), Democratic
8. Elijah V. Brookshire (1856-1936), Democratic
9. Joseph B. Cheadle (1842-1904), Republican
10. William D. Owen (1846-1906), Republican
11. Augustus N. Martin (1847-1901), Democratic
12. Charles A.O. McClellan (1835-1898), Democratic
13. Benjamin F. Shively (1857-1916), Democratic

Iowa

1. John H. Gear (1825-1900), Republican
2. Walter I. Hayes (1841-1901), Democratic
3. David B. Henderson (1840-1906), Republican
4. Joseph H. Sweney (1845-1918), Republican
5. Daniel Kerr (1836-1916), Republican
6. John F. Lacey (1841-1913), Republican
7. Edwin H. Conger (1843-1907), Republican ...resigned October 24, 1890.
: Edward R. Hays (1847-1896), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
8. James P. Flick (1845-1929), Republican
9. Joseph R. Reed (1835-1925), Republican
10. Jonathan P. Dolliver (1858-1910), Republican
11. Isaac S. Struble (1843-1913), Republican

Kansas

1. Edmund N. Morrill (1834-1909), Republican
2. Edward H. Funston (1836-1911), Republican
3. Bishop W. Perkins (1841-1894), Republican
4. Thomas Ryan (1837-1914), Republican ...resigned April 4, 1889.
: Harrison Kelley (1836-1897), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
5. John A. Anderson (1834-1892), Republican
6. Erastus J. Turner (1846-1933), Republican
7. Samuel R. Peters (1842-1910), Republican

Kentucky

1. William J. Stone (1841-1923), Democratic
2. William T. Ellis (1845-1925), Democratic
3. Isaac H. Goodnight (1849-1901), Democratic
4. Alexander B. Montgomery (1837-1910), Democratic
5. Asher G. Caruth (1844-1907), Democratic
6. John G. Carlisle (1834-1910), Democratic ...resigned House May 29, 1890, ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 26, 1890.
: W. W. Dickerson (1851-1923), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated June 30, 1890.
7. William C.P. Breckinridge (1837-1904), Democratic
8. James B. McCreary (1838-1918), Democratic
9. Thomas H. Paynter (1851-1921), Democratic
10. John H. Wilson (1846-1923), Republican
11. Hugh F. Finley (1833-1909), Republican

Louisiana

1. Theodore S. Wilkinson (1847-1921), Democratic
2. Hamilton D. Coleman (1845-1926), Republican
3. Edward J. Gay (1816-1899), Democratic ...died May 30, 1889, before Congress assembled.
: Andrew Price (1854-1909), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
4. Newton C. Blanchard (1849-1922), Democratic
5. Charles J. Boatner (1849-1903), Democratic
6. Samuel M. Robertson (1852-1911), Democratic

Maine

1. Thomas B. Reed (1839-1902), Republican
2. Nelson J. Dingley, Jr. (1832-1899), Republican
3. Seth L. Milliken (1831-1897), Republican
4. Charles A. Boutelle (1839-1901), Republican

Maryland

1. Charles H. Gibson (1842-1900), Democratic
2. Herman Stump (1837-1917), Democratic
3. Harry W. Rusk (1852-1926), Democratic
4. Henry J. Stockbridge, Jr. (1856-1924), Republican
5. Barnes Compton (1830-1898), Democratic …contested election, served until March 20, 1890.
: Sydney E. Mudd (1858-1911), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated March 20, 1890.
6. Louis E. McComas (1846-1907), Republican

Massachusetts

. Charles S. Randall, Republican
. Elijah A. Morse, Republican
. John F. Andrew, Democratic
. Joseph H. O'Neil, Democratic
. Nathaniel P. Banks, Republican
. Henry Cabot Lodge, Republican
. William Cogswell, Republican
. Frederic T. Greenhalge, Republican
. John W. Candler, Republican
. Joseph H. Walker, Republican
. Rodney Wallace, Republican
. Francis W. Rockwell, Republican

Michigan

1. John L. Chipman (1830-1893), Democratic
2. Edward P. Allen (1839-1909), Republican
3. James O'Donnell (1840-1915), Republican
4. Julius C. Burrows (1837-1915), Republican
5. Charles E. Belknap (1846-1929), Republican
6. Mark S. Brewer (1837-1901), Republican
7. Justin R. Whiting (1847-1903), Democratic
8. Aaron T. Bliss (1837-1906), Republican
9. Byron M. Cutcheon (1836-1908), Republican
10. Frank W. Wheeler (1853-1921), Republican
11. Samuel M. Stephenson (1831-1907), Republican

Minnesota

1. Mark H. Dunnell (1823-1904), Republican
2. John Lind (1854-1930), Republican
3. Darwin S. Hall (1844-1919), Republican
4. Samuel P. Snider (1845-1928), Republican
5. Solomon G. Comstock (1842-1933), Republican

Mississippi

1. John M. Allen (1846-1917), Democratic
2. James B. Morgan (1833-1892), Democratic
3. Thomas C. Catchings (1847-1927), Democratic
4. Clarke Lewis (1840-1896), Democratic
5. Chapman L. Anderson (1845-1924), Democratic
6. Thomas R. Stockdale (1828-1899), Democratic
7. Charles E. Hooker (1825-1914), Democratic

Missouri

1. William H. Hatch (1833-1896), Democratic
2. Charles H. Mansur (1835-1895), Democratic
3. Alexander M. Dockery (1845-1926), Democratic
4. Robert P.C. Wilson (1834-1916), Democratic
5. John C. Tarsney (1845-1920), Democratic
6. John T. Heard (1840-1927), Democratic
7. Richard H. Norton (1849-1918), Democratic
8. Frederick G. Niedringhaus (1837-1922), Republican
9. Nathan Frank (1852-1931), Republican
10. William M. Kinsey (1846-1931), Republican
11. Richard P. Bland (1835-1899), Democratic
12. William J. Stone (1848-1918), Democratic
13. William H. Wade (1835-1911), Republican
14. James P. Walker (1851-1890), Democratic ...died in office July 20,1890.
: Robert H. Whitelaw (1854-1937), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.

Montana

A/L. Thomas H. Carter (1854-1911), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

Nebraska

1. William J. Connell (1846-1924), Republican
2. James Laird (1849-1899), Republican ...died August 17, 1889, before Congress assembled.
: Gilbert L. Laws (1838-1907), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
3. George W.E. Dorsey (1842-1911), Republican

Nevada

A/L. Horace F. Bartine (1848-1918), Republican

New Hampshire

1. Alonzo Nute (1826-1892), Republican
2. Orren C. Moore (1839-1893), Republican

New Jersey

1. Christopher A. Bergen (1841-1905), Republican
2. James Buchanan (1839-1900), Republican
3. Jacob A. Geissenhainer (1839-1917), Democratic
4. Samuel Fowler (1851-1919), Democratic
5. Charles D. Beckwith (1838-1921), Republican
6. Herman Lehlbach (1845-1904), Republican
7. William McAdoo (1853-1930), Democratic

New York

1. James W. Covert (1842-1910), Democratic
2. Felix Campbell (1829-1902), Democratic
3. William C. Wallace (1856-1901), Republican
4. John M. Clancy (1837-1903), Democratic
5. Thomas F. Magner (1860-1945) , Democratic
6. Frank T. Fitzgerald (1857-1907), Democratic ...resigned November 4, 1889.
: Charles H. Turner (1861-1913), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 9, 1889.
7. Edward J. Dunphy (1856-1926), Democratic
8. John H. McCarthy (1850-1908), Democratic ...resigned January 14, 1891.
9. Samuel S. Cox (1824-1899), Democratic ...died September 10, 1889, before Congress assembled.
: Amos J. Cummings (1841-1902), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
10. Francis B. Spinola (1821-1891), Democratic
11. John Quinn (1839-1903), Democratic
12. Roswell P. Flower (1835-1899), Democratic
13. Ashbel P. Fitch (1848-1904), Democratic
14. William G. Stahlnecker (1849-1902), Democratic
15. Moses D. Stivers (1828-1895), Republican
16. John H. Ketcham (1832-1906), Republican
17. Charles J. Knapp (1845-1916), Republican
18. John A. Quackenbush (1828-1908), Republican
19. Charles Tracey (1847-1905), Democratic
20. John Sanford (1851-1939), Republican
21. John H. Moffitt (1843-1926), Republican
22. Frederick Lansing (1838-1894), Republican
23. James S. Sherman (1855-1912), Republican
24. David Wilber (1820-1890), Republican ...died in office April 1, 1890.
: John S. Pindar (1835-1907), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
25. James J. Belden (1825-1904), Republican
26. Milton De Lano (1844-1922), Republican
27. Newton W. Nutting (1840-1899), Republican ...died October 15, 1889, before Congress assembled.
: Sereno E. Payne (1843-1914), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1889.
28. Thomas S. Flood (1844-1908), Republican
29. John Raines (1840-1909), Republican
30. Charles S. Baker (1839-1902), Republican
31. John G. Sawyer (1825-1898), Republican
32. John M. Farquhar (1832-1918), Republican
33. John M. Wiley (1846-1912), Democratic
34. William G. Laidlaw (1840-1908), Republican

North Carolina

1. Thomas G. Skinner (1842-1907), Democratic
2. Henry P. Cheatham (1857-1935), Republican
3. Charles W. McClammy (1839-1896), Democratic
4. Benjamin H. Bunn (1844-1907), Democratic
5. John M. Brower (1845-1913), Republican
6. Alfred Rowland (1844-1898), Democratic
7. John S. Henderson (1846-1916), Democratic
8. William H.H. Cowles (1840-1901), Democratic
9. Hamilton G. Ewart (1849-1918), Republican

North Dakota

A/L. Henry C. Hansbrough (1848-1933), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

Ohio

1. Benjamin Butterworth (1837-1898), Republican
2. John A. Caldwell (1852-1927), Republican
3. Elihu S. Williams (1835-1903), Republican
4. Samuel S. Yoder (1841-1921), Democratic
5. George E. Seney (1832-1905), Democratic
6. Melvin M. Boothman (1846-1904), Republican
7. Henry Lee Morey (1841-1902), Republican
8. Robert P. Kennedy (1840-1918), Republican
9. William C. Cooper (1832-1902), Republican
10. William E. Haynes (1829-1914), Democratic
11. Albert C. Thompson (1842-1910), Republican
12. Jacob J. Pugsley (1838-1920), Republican
13. Joseph H. Outhwaite (1841-1907), Democratic
14. Charles P. Wickham (1836-1925), Republican
15. Charles H. Grosvenor (1833-1917), Republican
16. James W. Owens (1837-1900), Democratic
17. Joseph D. Taylor (1830-1899), Republican
18. William McKinley, Jr. (1843-1901), Republican
19. Ezra B. Taylor (1823-1912), Republican
20. Martin L. Smyser (1851-1908), Republican
21. Theodore E. Burton (1851-1929), Republican

Oregon

A/L. Binger Hermann (1843-1926), Republican

Pennsylvania

1. Henry H. Bingham (1841-1912), Republican
2. Charles O'Neill (1821-1893), Republican
3. Samuel J. Randall (1828-1890), Democratic ...died in office April 13, 1890.
: Richard Vaux (1816-1895), Democratic ...elected to fill vacancy, seated May 28, 1890.
4. William D. Kelley (1814-1890), Republican ...died in office January 9, 1890.
: John E. Reyburn (1845-1914), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 24, 1890.
5. Alfred C. Harmer (1825-1900), Republican
6. Smedley Darlington (1827-1899), Republican
7. Robert M. Yardley (1850-1902), Republican
8. William Mutchler (1831-1893), Democratic
9. David B. Brunner (1835-1903), Democratic
10. Marriott Brosius (1843-1901), Republican
11. Joseph A. Scranton (1838-1908), Republican
12. Edwin S. Osborne (1839-1900), Republican
13. James B. Reilly (1845-1924), Democratic
14. John W. Rife (1846-1908), Republican
15. Myron B. Wright (1847-1894), Republican
16. Henry C. McCormick (1844-1902), Republican
17. Charles R. Buckalew (1821-1899), Democratic
18. Louis E. Atkinson (1841-1910), Republican
19. Levi Maish (1837-1899), Democratic
20. Edward Scull (1818-1900), Republican
21. Samuel A. Craig (1839-1920), Republican
22. John Dalzell (1845-1927), Republican
23. Thomas M. Bayne (1836-1894), Republican
24. Joseph W. Ray (1849-1928), Republican
25. Charles C. Townsend (1841-1910), Republican
26. William C. Culbertson (1825-1906), Republican
27. Lewis F. Watson (1819-1890), Republican ...died in office August 25, 1890.
: Charles W. Stone (1843-1912), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890.
28. James Kerr (1851-1908), Democratic

Rhode Island

1. Henry J. Spooner (1839-1918), Republican
2. Warren O. Arnold (1839-1910), Republican

South Carolina

1. Samuel Dibble (1837-1913), Democratic
2. George D. Tillman (1826-1902), Democratic
3. James S. Cothran (1830-1897), Democratic
4. William H. Perry (1839-1902), Democratic
5. John J. Hemphill (1849-1912), Democratic
6. George W. Dargan (1841-1898), Democratic
7. William Elliott (1838-1907), Democratic …contested election, served until September 23, 1890.
: Thomas E. Miller (1849-1938), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated September 24, 1890.

South Dakota

1. Oscar S. Gifford (1842-1913), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.
2. John A. Pickler (1844-1910), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

Tennessee

1. Alfred A. Taylor (1848-1931), Republican
2. Leonidas C. Houk (1836-1891), Republican
3. Henry C. Evans (1843-1921), Republican
4. Benton McMillin (1845-1933), Democratic
5. James D. Richardson (1843-1914), Democratic
6. Joseph E. Washington (1851-1915), Democratic
7. Washington C. Whitthorne (1825-1891), Democratic
8. Benjamin A. Enloe (1848-1922), Democratic
9. Rice A. Pierce (1848-1936), Democratic
10. James Phelan (1856-1891), Democratic ...died in office January 30, 1891.

Texas

1. Charles Stewart (1836-1895), Democratic
2. William H. Martin (1823-1898), Democratic
3. Constantine B. Kilgore (1835-1897), Democratic
4. David B. Culberson (1830-1900), Democratic
5. Silas Hare (1827-1907), Democratic
6. Joseph Abbott (1840-1908), Democratic
7. William H. Crain (1848-1896), Democratic
8. Littleton W. Moore (1835-1911), Democratic
9. Roger Q. Mills (1832-1911), Democratic
10. Joseph D. Sayers (1841-1929), Democratic
11. Samuel W.T. Lanham (1846-1908), Democratic

Vermont

1. John W. Stewart (1825-1915), Republican
2. William W. Grout (1836-1902), Republican

Virginia

1. Thomas H.B. Browne (1844-1892), Republican
2. George E. Bowden (1852-1908), Republican
3. George D. Wise (1831-1898), Democratic ...contested election, served until April 10, 1890.
: Edmund Waddill, Jr. (1855-1931), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated April 12, 1890.
4. Edward C. Venable (1853-1908), Democratic …contested election, served until September 23, 1890.
: John M. Langston (1829-1897), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated September 23, 1890.
5. Posey G. Lester (1850-1929), Democratic
6. Paul C. Edmunds (1836-1899), Democratic
7. Charles T. O'Ferrall (1840-1905), Democratic
8. William H.F. Lee (1837-1891), Democratic
9. John A. Buchanan (1843-1921), Democratic
10. Henry S. Tucker (1853-1932), Democratic

Washington

A/L. John L. Wilson (1850-1912), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 2, 1889.

West Virginia

1. John O. Pendleton (1851-1916), Democratic …contested election, served until February 26, 1890.
: George W. Atkinson (1845-1925), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 26, 1890.
2. William L. Wilson (1843-1900), Democratic
3. John D. Alderson (1854-1910), Democratic
4. James M. Jackson (1825-1901), Democratic …contested election, served until February 3, 1890.
: Charles B. Smith (1844-1899), Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated February 3, 1890.

Wisconsin

1. Lucien B. Caswell (1827-1919), Republican
2. Charles Barwig (1837-1912), Democratic
3. Robert M. La Follette, Jr. (1855-1925), Republican
4. Isaac W. Van Schaick (1817-1901), Republican
5. George H. Brickner (1834-1904), Democratic
6. Charles B. Clark (1844-1891), Republican
7. Ormsby B. Thomas (1832-1904), Republican
8. Nils P. Haugen (1849-1931), Republican
9. Myron H. McCord (1840-1908), Republican

Wyoming

A/L. Clarence D. Clark (1851-1930), Republican ...newly admitted state, seated December 1, 1890.

Delegates

Arizona Territory
* Marcus A. Smith, Democratic

Dakota Territory
* George A. Mathews, Republican

…admitted as a two states November 2, 1889.

Idaho Territory
* Fred T. Dubois, Republican

…admitted as a state July 3, 1889.

Montana Territory
* Thomas H. Carter, Republican

…admitted as a state November 8, 1889

New Mexico Territory
* Antonio Joseph, Democratic
Oklahoma Territory
*David A. Harvey, Republican ...elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1, 1890

…admitted as a state November 11, 1889

Wyoming Territory
* Joseph M. Carey, Republican

…admitted as a state July 10, 1890

Membership Changes

Senate

House of Representatives

References

	United States Congress United States Senate>Senate • • • Senate Committees • House • • • House Committees • • Districts

Congresses
1 (1789) 2 (1791) 3 (1793) 4 (1795) 5 (1797) 6 (1799) 7 (1801) 8 (1803) 9 (1805)	10 (1807) 11 (1809) 12 (1811) 13 (1813) 14 (1815) 15 (1817) 16 (1819) 17 (1821) 18 (1823)	19 (1825) 20 (1827) 21 (1829) 22 (1831) 23 (1833) 24 (1835) 25 (1837) 26 (1839) 27 (1841)	28 (1843) 29 (1845) 30 (1847) 31 (1849) 32 (1851) 33 (1853) 34 (1855) 35 (1857) 36 (1859)	37 (1861) 38 (1863) 39 (1865) 40 (1867) 41 (1869) 42 (1871) 43 (1873) 44 (1875) 45 (1877)	46 (1879) 47 (1881) 48 (1883) 49 (1885) 50 (1887) 51 (1889) 52 (1891) 53 (1893) 54 (1895)	55 (1897) 56 (1899) 57 (1901) 58 (1903) 59 (1905) 60 (1907) 61 (1909) 62 (1911) 63 (1913)	64 (1915) 65 (1917) 66 (1919) 67 (1921) 68 (1923) 69 (1925) 70 (1927) 71 (1929) 72 (1931)	73 (1933) 74 (1935) 75 (1937) 76 (1939) 77 (1941) 78 (1943) 79 (1945) 80 (1947) 81 (1949)	82 (1951) 83 (1953) 84 (1955) 85 (1957) 86 (1959) 87 (1961) 88 (1963) 89 (1965) 90 (1967)	91 (1969) 92 (1971) 93 (1973) 94 (1975) 95 (1977) 96 (1979) 97 (1981) 98 (1983) 99 (1985)	100 (1987) 101 (1989) 102 (1991) 103 (1993) 104 (1995) 105 (1997) 106 (1999) 107 (2001) 108 (2003)	current: 109 (2005) future: 110 (2007) 111 (2009) 112 (2011) 113 (2013)

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