Aaron Klug
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Sir Aaron Klug, OM, FRS (born 11 August 1926 in Zelvas, Lithuania ) is a Lithuanian-born British physicist and chemist, and winner of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy.
Having moved to South Africa at the age of two, he graduated with a degree in science at the University of Witwatersrand and studied crystallography at the University of Cape Town before moving to England, completing his doctorate at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1953.
Working with Rosalind Franklin in John Bernal's lab in London aroused a lifelong interest in the study of viruses, and during his time there in the late 1950s he made discoveries in the structure of the tobacco mosaic virus. Over the following decade Klug used methods from X-ray diffraction, microscopy and structural modelling to develop crystallographic electron microscopy in which a sequence of two-dimensional images of crystals taken from different angles are combined to produce three-dimensional images of the target.
Between 1986 and 1996 he was director of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, and was knighted in 1988.
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| width="" align="" valign="" style="padding-left:;"| 1939: Butenandt, Ružička
1943: de Hevesy
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1947: Robinson
1948: Tiselius
1949: Giauque
1950: Diels, Alder
1951: McMillan, Seaborg
1952: Martin, Synge
1953: Staudinger
1954: Pauling
1955: du Vigneaud
1956: Hinshelwood, Semyonov
1957: Todd
1958: Sanger
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1962: Perutz, Kendrew
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1966: Mulliken
1967: Eigen, Norrish, Porter
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1969: Barton, Hassel
1970: Leloir
1971: Herzberg
1972: Anfinsen, Moore, Stein
1973: E.O.Fischer, Wilkinson
| width="" align="" valign="" style="padding-left:;"| 1974: Flory
1975: Cornforth, Prelog
1976: Lipscomb
1977: Prigogine
1978: Mitchell
1979: Brown, Wittig
1980: Berg, Gilbert, Sanger
1981: Fukui, Hoffmann
1982: Klug
1983: Taube
1984: Merrifield
1985: Hauptman, Karle
1986: Herschbach, Lee, Polanyi
1987: Cram, Lehn, Pedersen
1988: Deisenhofer, Huber, Michel
1989: Altman, Cech
1990: Corey
1991: Ernst
1992: Marcus
1993: Mullis, Smith
1994: Olah
1995: Crutzen, Molina, Rowland
1996: Curl, Kroto, Smalley
1997: Boyer, Walker, Skou
1998: Kohn, Pople
1999: Zewail
2000: Heeger, MacDiarmid, Shirakawa
2001: Knowles, Noyori, Sharpless
2002: Fenn, Tanaka, Wüthrich
2003: Agre, MacKinnon
2004: Ciechanover, Hershko, Rose
2005: Grubbs, Schrock, Chauvin
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