Alpha Phi Alpha

The cover of the 2000 edition of The Sphinx magazine, the fraternity's official jounral.

In 1914, The Sphinx®, named after the Egyptian landmark, began publication as the fraternity's official journal. Still published, the Sphinx is America's second oldest African American publication. Only the NAACP's The Crisis, started by fraternity member W.E.B. DuBois in 1910 predates the Alpha publication. The Fraternity was again incorporated on April 3, 1914 within the District of Columbia.

While continuing to stress academic excellence among its members, Alpha's leaders recognized the need to correct the educational, economic, political, and social injustices faced by African-Americans.

History: 1919 - 1949

The Fraternity's national programs date back to 1919 with the "Go-To-High School, Go-to-College" campaign to promote academic achievement within the African-American community being the first initiative. Alpha Phi Alpha would later participate in the voting rights debate and coined the well-known phrase A Voteless People is a Hopeless People as part of its effort to register black voters. The slogan remains in Alpha Phi Alpha's continuing voter registration campaign.

During the Great Depression, Alpha Phi Alpha and its members continued to implement programs which it deemed affected the black community. The New Negro Alliance (NNA) was founded in 1933 by fraternity brother Belford Lawson, Jr. in Washington D.C. to combat white-run business in black neighborhoods that would not hire black employees. The NNA instituted a then-radical Don't Buy Where You Can't Work campaign, and organized or threatened boycotts against white-owned business. In response, some businesses arranged for an injunction to stop the picketing. NNA lawyers, including Lawson and Thurgood Marshall, fought back — all the way to the United States Supreme Court in New Negro Alliance v. Sanitary Grocery Co.. This became a landmark case in the struggle by African Americans against discriminatory hiring practices, and Don't Buy Where You Can't Work groups multiplied throughout the nation. The NNA estimated that by 1940, the group had secured 5,106 jobs for blacks because businesses could not afford to lose sales during the depression.

Jesse Owens, saluting on the center dias, was one of three Alpha Phi Alpha members who participated in the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, Germany.

The Committee on Public Policy was established at the 1933 general convention and took positions on issues many in the black community deemed important. The first investigation of the committee was of the national government's New Deal agencies. The committee's agenda was to determine the status of the black population, both as to treatment of agencies' employees and in the quality of services rendered to American blacks. Wesley 1981, op. cit., pp. 204-205.

At the 1936 Summer Olympics, three fraternity brothers represented the United States: Jesse Owens, Ralph Metcalfe and Dave Albritton. Wesley 1981, op. cit., pp. 476. Alpha Phi Alpha was continuing to expand and once again became an international organization as in 1938 it extended its roster of chapters to London, England. Wesley 1981, op. cit., pp. 239.

The 1940s were significant years for the fraternity as it sought to end racial discrimination in its own ranks and secure rights for its membership after the nation's entry into World War II. The use of the word "Negro" in the membership clause of the constitution which referred to "any Negro male student" would be changed to read "any male student." This was the first official action by a black fraternity to allow the admission to men of all races. Wesley 1981, op. cit., p. 244. The fraternity has been interracial since 1945.

The Training Camp at Fort Des Moines during World War II. Alpha had the greatest representation of any organization or club at the camp and thirty-two Alpha men were granted commissions.

After the Attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, Alpha men served in almost every branch of the armed forces and civilian defense programs during World War II. The type of warfare encountered evidenced the nexus between education and war, with illiteracy decreasing a soldier's usefulness to the Army that could only be addressed with the inclusion of a large number of college educated men among the ranks of officers. The Training Camp at Fort Des Moines was the result of the fraternity's advocacy in convincing the government to create an officers’ training camp for black troops. Thirty-two Alpha men were granted commissions (four were made Captains and ninety percent were First Lieutenants). First Lieutenant Victor Daly was decorated with the Croix de Guerre for his service in France. The leadership of the fraternity encouraged Alpha men to buy war bonds, and the membership responded with their purchases. Wesley 1981, op. cit., p. 248.

History: 1950 - 1969

Alpha Phi Alpha participates during the 1963 March on Washington.

The American civil rights movement coincided with Alpha Phi Alpha's 50th anniversary. The fraternity's first "pilgrimage" to Cornell was held in 1956 to celebrate the Golden Jubilee and drew about 1,000 members who traveled by chartered train from Buffalo, New York to Ithaca. Darryl R. Matthews Sr., general president of Alpha Phi Alpha in 2005, defined the centennial pilgrimmage in a letter to members as; A pilgrimage is a personal, spiritual, historic and significant journey, which one takes to a place and for a purpose that has profound meaning to that individual. Fraternity brother Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered the keynote speech at the 50th anniversary banquet, chronicled in the documentary, Alpha Phi Alpha Men: A Century of Leadership. There were three living Jewels present for the occasion, Kelly, Callis and Murray. Wesley 1981, op. cit., pp. 381-386.

George E.C. Hayes, Thurgood Marshall, an Alpha Phi Alpha member, and James Nabrit, congratulating each other, following U.S. Supreme Court decision declaring segregation unconstitutional

Alpha men were pioneers and at the forefront of the civil rights struggle. In Montgomery, Dr. King led the people in the Montgomery Bus Boycott as a minister, and later as head of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Birmingham saw Arthur Shores organize for civil rights while Thurgood Marshall was engaging in the fight for desegregation and integration in the landmark case of the United States Supreme Court, Brown v. Board of Education. Marshall employed mentor and fratenity brother Charles Hamilton Houston's plan to use the de facto inequality of "separate but equal" education in the United States to attack and defeat the Jim Crow laws. Wesley 1981, op. cit., pp. 366-369. In 1961 Whitney Young became the executive director of the National Urban League (NUL) and in 1963, the NUL hosted the planning meetings of civil rights leaders for the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.

In 1968, after the assassination of fraternity brother Martin Luther King, Jr., Alpha Phi Alpha proposed erecting a permanent memorial to King in Washington D.C. The efforts of the fraternity gained momentum in 1986 after King's birthday became a national holiday and led to the creation of The Washington D. C. Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial Project Foundation, Inc to collect funds of $100 million for construction.

History: 1970 - present

Arguably the most recognized Alpha Phi Alpha member, Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial during the 1963 March on Washington.

In 1976, the fraternity celebrated its 70th Anniversary with dual convention locations: New York and Monrovia, Liberia.

In 1981, the fraternity celebrated its Diamond Jubilee in Dallas, Texas, featuring a presentation of the New Thrust Program consisting of the Million Dollar Fund Drive that contributed funds to the NAACP, the National Urban League, and the United Negro College Fund (UNCF). Mason, Herman "Skip" (1999). The Talented Tenth, The Founders and Presidents of Alpha p. 352.

In 1996, the United States Congress authorized the Secretary of the Interior to permit Alpha Phi Alpha to establish a memorial on Department of Interior lands in the District of Columbia. While the project has created a good deal of controversy with regard to the Alpha's commitment to pay a fee to the King family, the memorial will be the first to honor an African American in the National Mall and the second non-President to be commemorated in such a way. The Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial is scheduled for completion in 2008 and will be located on a 4-acre site that borders the Tidal Basin and within the sightline of the Jefferson Memorial and Lincoln Memorial. The National Park Service will maintain the site.

Alpha Phi Alpha provides for charitable endeavors through the Fraternity's Education and Building Foundations, providing academic scholarships and shelter to underprivileged families. The Fraternity also has made commitments to train leaders with national mentoring programs.

Alpha Phi Alpha asserts "the Fraternity has supplied voice and vision to the struggle of African Americans and people of color around the world", and it has established an Alpha Phi Alpha Archives at Howard University in Washington, D.C. to preserve the history of the organization.

Chapters

The fraternity's international scope was established early. In 1908 it chartered undergraduate chapter Delta at University of Toronto; shortly thereafter, the chapter became defunct. Its seat was transferred to what is now Huston-Tillotson University in Austin, Texas in 1939. In 1938, the fraternity chartered Beta Psi college chapter in London, England. The Theta Theta Lambda alumni chapter was chartered in 1963 at Frankfurt, Germany. Other chapters have been chartered in Monrovia, Liberia, the Caribbean and South Korea.

Omega chapter was distinguished to contain the names of deceased fraternity members. Frederick Douglass became an honorary member of the fraternity's Omega chapter in 1921, enjoying the distinction of being the only member initiated posthumously.

Pledging

ΑΦΑ Pledge Line

The pledge period is the time that a potential new member of the fraternity engages in before being duly initiated as a brother. This period is the time the pledge learns of the organization's history, principles, and tenancity of brotherhood.

In the selection of candidates for membership, certain chapters had not escaped challenges of racial stereotyping and allegations of colorism. In a biography of Justice Thurgood Marshall, the authors recounted how the fraternity used a "brown paper bag test" and would not consider students whose skin color was darker than the bag.Davis, Michael D., et al. (2001). Thurgood Marshall: Warrior of the Bar, Rebel on the Bench. Ch. 7. Former General President Belford Lawson, Jr. lamented this attitude and condemned initiation practices of snobbery and exclusivity, and said "Jesus Christ could not make Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity today; they would blackball Him because He was not hot enough".Mason 1999, op. cit., p. 295.

There are periods in the history of the fraternity where hazing was involved in certain pledge lines. The fraternity has never officially condoned hazing, but has been aware of problems with "rushing" and "initiations" dated as far back as the 1934 General Convention when the fraternity founders communicated their concern with physical violence in initiation ceremonies. Wesley 1981, op. cit., p. 214. At the 1940 General Convention, a pledge manual was discussed that would contain a brief general history, the list of chapters and locations, the achievements of Alpha men, outstanding Alpha men, and pledge procedures. Wesley 1981, op. cit., p. 242.

In 2001, the chapter at Ohio State University was suspended for two years by both the university and the national Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity for hazing and other violations. The incident involved two prospective members injured seriously enough to require medical care.

Many hazing incidents have resulted in civil actions; that and the objections of parents, students and fraternity alumni, prompted Alpha Phi Alpha to implement its current policy—abolishing pledging as a means of obtaining membership. The fraternity's official policy is that hazing is against the purposes and goals of the Fraternity and has been discontinued as a condition or manner of initiation into the membership of Alpha Phi Alpha. It is no longer legal within the organization for members to establish a pledge line or to require aspirants to the organization to submit to hazing. All membership intake activities for the fraternity are conducted by the National Intake Office and must occur in the presence of a National Intake Officer.

Membership

Accomplishments by Alpha Phi Alpha Men "First African American"First by Alpha Men [link]. April 14, 2006.
Dennis Archer	President of the American Bar Association
Richard Arrington	Mayor of Birmingham, Alabama
Willie Brown	Mayor of San Francisco
Emanuel Cleaver	Mayor of Kansas City, Missouri
Thomas Cole, Jr.	President of Clark Atlanta University
E. Franklin Frazier	President of the American Sociological Association
Malvin Goode	Reporter on American Broadcasting Company
Samuel Gravely	Commandant of a U.S. Fleet
Charles Houston	Editor of the Harvard Law Review
Maynard Jackson	Mayor of Atlanta, Georgia
John Johnson	Forbes 400 Rich List
Ernest Morial	Mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana
Thurgood Marshall	Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court
Fritz Pollard	Head coach in the National Football League
Chuck Stone	President of the National Association of Black Journalists

As Alpha Phi Alpha expanded to over 175,000 members, the ranks of its membership include a plethora of prominent and accomplished activists, educators, politicians, businessmen, philanthropists entertainers and athletes. Although interracial, the organization remains pedominately African America in composition. Alpha claims 60% of black doctors, 75% of black lawyers, 65% of black dentists, and close to 90% of black college presidents in the United States, with brothers in over 700 college and graduate chapters in the United States, the Caribbean, Africa, and Europe. The fraternity's membership roster includes activist Dick Gregory, Harvard Professor Cornel West, Congressman Charles B. Rangel, former HUD secretary Samuel Pierce, entrepreneur John Johnson, athlete Mike Powell and musician Donny Hathaway.

Alpha Phi Alpha member Hubert H. Humphrey

The fraternity provides classifications for honorary and exalted honorary membership; one of the highest honors that Alpha Phi Alpha can bestow upon a person who has not obtained membership through the traditional pledge program. Honorary members include Vice President Hubert Humphrey (who is Caucasian), jazz musician Duke Ellington, and activist W.E.B. DuBois.Wesley 1981, op. cit., p. 81, 116 & 453.

Alpha men were instrumental in the founding and leadership of the NAACP (DuBois), ''See, e.g., Niagara Movement. NUL (Eugene Jones), People's National Party (PNP) Norman Manley, Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH) (Jesse E. Moorland), UNCF (Frederick D. Patterson), and the SCLC (King, Walker and Jemison).

From the ranks of the fraternity have come a number of pioneers in various fields. Honorary member Kelly Miller was the first African-American to be admitted to Johns Hopkins University. Todd Duncan was the first actor to play "Porgy" in Porgy and Bess. During the Washington run of Porgy and Bess in 1936, the cast—as led by Todd Duncan—protested the audience's segregation. Duncan stated that he "would never play in a theater which barred him from purchasing tickets to certain seats because of his race." Eventually management would give into the demands and allow for the first integrated performance at National Theatre. Kunle Fagbenle is the first lawyer of Nigerian descent in the United States to receive a Legal Excellence Award conferred by the Maryland Bar Foundation.

Charles Houston, a Harvard Law School graduate and a law professor at Howard University, first began a campaign in the 1930s to challenge racial discrimination in the federal courts. Houston's campaign to fight Jim Crow Laws began with Plessy v. Ferguson and culminated in a unanimous Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education.

Martin Luther King, Jr. was the recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, the Spingarn Medal, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded posthumously by President Jimmy Carter. The Presidential Medal of Freedom has also been awarded to members William Coleman and Edward Brooke. The Spingarn Medal, awarded annually by the NAACP for outstanding achievement by a Black American, has been awarded to brothers John Hope Franklin, Rayford Logan and numerous fraternity members. The Congressional Gold Medal of Honor, the highest civilian award of the United States Congress was awarded to Jesse Owens and Vice President Hubert Humphrey. Prime Minister Norman Manley was a Rhodes Scholar (1914), awarded annually by the Oxford based Rhodes Trust on the basis of academic achievement and character. Andrew Zawacki, a white man, is a second Rhodes Scholar recipient.

A number of have been named after Alpha men such as the Eddie Robinson Stadium, Ernest N. Morial Convention Center, The Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota and its building, the Hubert H. Humphrey Center, and the W.E.B. DuBois library at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The United States Postal Service has honored fraternity members W.E.B. Dubois, Duke Ellington, Martin Luther King, Jr., Thurgood Marshall, Paul Robeson and Jesse Owens with a commemorative stamp in their popular Black Heritage Stamp series.

Egyptian symbolism

Alpha Phi Alpha chose to use Egyptian symbology more representative of the member's African heritage. The Sphinx and Pyramid are fraternity icons.

Alpha Phi Alpha utilizes motifs from Ancient Egypt and uses images and songs depicting the Sphinx, pharaohs, and other Egyptian artifacts to represent the organization. This is in contrast to other fraternities that traditionally echo themes from the golden age of Ancient Greece. The Heremakhet and Alpha's constant reference to Ethiopia in hymns and poems are further examples of Alpha's mission to imbue itself with an African cultural heritage. Fraternity brother Charles H. Wesley wrote, "To the Alpha Phi Alpha brotherhood, African history and civilization, the Sphinx, and Ethiopian tradition bring new meanings and these are interpreted with new significance to others." Pharaoh often appears and is a title used to refer to the Egyptian god-kings.

The pyramid is also another common symbol and is another African image of Alpha Phi Alpha and is utilized as a symbol of foundation, sacred geometry and more."

Fraternity members organize travel to Egypt to walk across the sands to the Sphinx and the Pyramids. Charles H. Wesley wrote, "I have stood beside the Sphinx in Egypt in Africa in July on my third visit there, and I brought greetings to this silent historical figure in the name of Alpha Phi Alpha and I crossed the continent to Ethiopia." Mason 1999, op.cit., p. 273

National programs

The Alpha's national office is located in Baltimore, Maryland. Darryl R. Matthews, Sr. holds the elective office of General President and Willard C. Hall, Jr. is the Executive Director appointed by the General Convention. The national office is tasked with overall fraternity supervision and program management.

ΑΦA National Programs
Mentoring	World and National Affairs
Education	Continuing the Legacy
Project Alpha	Leadership Training Institute
Alpha Academy	Go To High School, Go To College
Alpha Head Start Academy	A Voteless People is a Hopeless People
Alpha and the NAACP	Commission on Business
Cooperative Programs and	Economic Development

National programs are projects adopted by the General Convention and mandated for implementation in all chapters. The fraternity combines its efforts in conjunction with other philanthropic organizations such as Head Start, Boy Scouts of America, Big Brothers Big Sisters of America, Project Alpha with the March of Dimes, NAACP, Habitat for Humanity, and Fortune 500 companies. The Washington, D.C. Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial Project Foundation is a project of Alpha Phi Alpha to construct the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial.

Go-To-High School, Go-To-College

Voter Education/Registration Program

The "A Voteless People is a Hopeless People" campaign poster was produced in the 1930s to raise awareness of the voting problems that African-Americans faced.

"A Voteless People is a Hopeless People" was initiated as a National Program of Alpha during the 1930s when many African-Americans had the right to vote but were prevented from voting because of poll taxes, threats of reprisal, and lack of education about the voting process. Voter education and registration has since remained a dominant focus in the fraternity's planning. In the 1990s the focus has shifted to promotion of political awareness and empowerment, delivered most often through use of town meetings and candidate forums.

The fraternity's Nu Mu Lambda chapter of Decatur, Georgia, held a voter registration drive in DeKalb County, Georgia in 2004, from which Georgia Secretary of State Cathy Cox, rejected all 63 voter registration applications on the basis that the fraternity did not follow correct procedures, including obtaining specific pre-clearance from the state to conduct their drive. Nu Mu Lambda filed Charles H. Wesley Education Foundation v. Cathy Cox on the basis that the Georgia Secretary of State's long-standing policy and practice of rejecting mail-in voter registration applications that were submitted in bundles and/or by persons other than registrars, deputy registrars, or the individual applicants, violated the requirements of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (NVRA) by undermining voter registration drives. A Senior U.S. District Judge upheld earlier federal court decisions in the case, which also found private entities have a right under the NVRA, to engage in organized voter registration activity in Georgia at times and locations of their choosing, without the presence or permission of state or local election officials.

Project Alpha

Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial

Location for the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial. The project to create a memorial to Dr. King on the National Mall is being driven by Alpha Phi Alpha.

The campaign to erect a permanent memorial to Martin Luther King, Jr. is one of the most ambitious projects in the history of the fraternity. In 1998, Congress authorized and President Bill Clinton confirmed the fraternity's request to establish a foundation (The Washington, D.C. Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial Project Foundation) to manage the memorial's fundraising, design and construction. The fraternity laid a marble and bronze plaque to dedicate the memorial site on December 4, 2000. In 2001, Dr. King's family stood in the path of the foundation's efforts to erect the memorial, because the family wanted the foundation to pay a licensing fee for the right to use King's image. The foundation, beset with languid donations, has stated the last thing it needs is to have to pay an onerous license fee to the King family. "If nobody's going to make money off of it, why should anyone get a fee?" The Washington Post quoted Joseph Lowery, past president of the King-founded Southern Christian Leadership Conference. The groundbreaking is scheduled to coincide with the centenary of the fraternity. The fraternity's goal is to dedicate the Memorial in 2008 to commemorate the 40th anniversary of King's death.

Pan-Hellenic membership

The fraternity maintains dual membership in the National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) and the North-American Interfraternity Conference (NIC). The NPHC is composed of nine international black Greek-letter sororities and fraternities, and Alpha Phi Alpha is the only member founded at an Ivy League school. The council promotes interaction through forums, meetings, and other mediums for the exchange of information, and engages in cooperative programming and initiatives through various activities and functions. The NIC serves to advocate the needs of its member fraternities through enrichment of the fraternity experience; advancement and growth of the fraternity community; and enhancement of the educational mission of the host institutions.

Centennial celebration

Alpha Phi Alpha has declared 2006 the beginning of its "Centennial Era" to celebrate its 100th anniversary. These preparations will culminate with the Centennial Convention, consisting of nationwide activities and events including the commissioning of intellectual and scholarly works, presentation of exhibits, lectures, artwork and musical expositions, and the production of film and video presentations scheduled for July 25 - 30, 2006 in Washington, D.C.. The Centennial Era is to be framed by the slogan First of All, Servants of All, We Shall Transcend All.

ΑΦA General Presidents at centennial memorial site, Cornell University campus.

The 2006 Centennial Celebration Kickoff launched with another "pilgrimage" to Cornell University on November 19, 2005. That event brought over 700 fraternity members who gathered for a day long program. Members journeyed across campus and unveiled a new centennial memorial to Alpha Phi Alpha. The memorial—a wall in the form of a "J" in recognition of the Jewels—features a bench and a plaque and is situated in front of the university's Barnes Hall.

Alpha Phi Alpha Men: A Century of Leadership, is a historical documentary on Alpha Phi Alpha's century of leadership and service. The film premiered February 2006 on PBS as part of the 2006 Black History Month theme, "Celebrating Community: A Tribute to Black Fraternal, Social and Civic Institutions."

The first black fraternity?

The cover of The History of Alpha Phi Alpha.

There is some dispute as to whether Alpha Phi Alpha was the first black fraternity. Black-sponsored Greek letter organizations may have begun in 1903 on the Indiana University Bloomington campus, but there were too few registrants to assure continuing organization. In that year a club was formed called Alpha Kappa Nu Greek Club to "strengthen the black's voice", but the club disappeared after a short time. There is no record of any similar organization at Indiana University until Kappa Alpha Nu was issued a charter in 1911. Two of the founders had prior interaction with Alpha Phi Alpha and its Beta chapter while students at Howard University before transferring to Indiana University.

Sigma Pi Phi, founded in 1904, has also claimed to be the first although many argue this is a . Sigma was founded as an organization for professionals and college graduates and not as an organization of black college students. Historian Charles H. Wesley, a member of both Alpha Phi Alpha and Sigma Pi Phi, authored The History of Alpha Phi Alpha, A Development in College Life and The History of Sigma Pi Phi and asserts that Alpha Phi Alpha was the first Greek-letter organization among black college men.Wesley, Charles H. (1950). The History of Alpha Phi Alpha: A Development in Negro College Life (Foundation Publishers).

Alpha Phi Alpha claims its historical position as the first intercollegiate Greek-letter fraternity in the United States established for men of African descent, and the for NPHC members. The history books of Kappa Alpha Psi, Omega Psi Phi and Phi Beta Sigma omit the fraternity's place and contribution to the college Negro fraternal movement. Historian and Alpha archivist Herman Mason has stated, "As a historian who recognizes that laying a foundation for any period of history, I find their omission inexcusable and without merit."

Documentary films

• Alpha Phi Alpha Men: A Century of Leadership , 2006, Producer/Directors: Alamerica Bank/Rubicon Productions

References

Footnotes

African American topics
History
African American history
African American military history
African slave trade
Jim Crow laws
Religions
Christian Churches
Rasta  ·  Black Jews
Black Hebrew Israelites
Nation of Islam  ·  Lukumí
Doctrine of Father Divine
Political movements
Civil Rights (1896 to 1954)
Civil Rights (1955 to 1968)
Garveyism  ·  Black nationalism
Black populism
African American leftism
Black conservatism
Organizations
ASALH  ·  SCLC  ·  UNIA-ACL
NAACP  ·  National Pan-Hellenic Council>NPHC ·  NUL  ·  UNCF
Negro League (baseball)
Academics
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Contemporary issues
Art  ·  Music  ·  Culture
HBCU
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AAVE  ·  Gullah  ·  Creole
Lists
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Related topics

External links

Alpha Phi Alpha

• [Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity website]

Outside websites

• [Alpha Phi Alpha: A Centennial Celebration, Cornell University]
• [Alpha Phi Alpha Politicians]
• [Alpha Phi Alpha iconography]
• [2006 Centennial (Celebration) Pilgrimage photos]
• [National Pan-Hellenic Council]
• [North-American Interfraternity Council]]
• [Public Law 104-333 Congressional authorization for Memorial to Dr. King]
• [Skip's Historical Moments]
• [Fort Des Moines Museum]
• [Charles H. Wesley Education Foundation v. Cathy Cox.]

Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. General Presidents

Moses A. Morrison, 1908-1909 | Roscoe C. Giles, 1910 | Frederick H. Miller, 1911 | Charles H. Garvin, 1912-1913 | Henry L. Dickason, 1914-1915 | Henry A. Callis, 1915 | Howard H. Long, 1916-1917 | William A. Pollard, 1917-1918 | Daniel D. Fowler, 1919 | Lucius L. McGee, 1920 | Simeon S. Booker, 1921-1923 | Raymond W. Cannon, 1924-1927 | Bert A. Rose, 1928-1931 | Charles H. Wesley, 1932-1940 | Rayford W. Logan, 1941-1945 | Belford V. Lawson, Jr., 1946-1951 | Antonio M. Smith, 1952-1954 | Frank L. Stanley, 1955-1957 | Myles A. Paige, 1957-1960 | William H. Hale, 1961-1962 | T. Winston Cole, Sr., 1963-1964 | Lionel H. Newsom, 1965-1968 | Ernest N. Morial, 1968-1972 | Walter Washington, 1973-1976 | James R. Williams, 1977-1980 | Ozell Sutton, 1981-1984 | Charles C. Teamer, 1985-1988 | Henry Ponder, 1989-1992 | Milton C. Davis, 1993-1986 | Adrian L. Wallace, 1997-2000 | Harry E. Johnson, 2001-2003 | Darryl R. Matthews, Sr. 2004-current

National Pan-Hellenic Council Alpha Kappa Alpha | Alpha Phi Alpha | Delta Sigma Theta | Iota Phi Theta Kappa Alpha Psi | Omega Psi Phi | Phi Beta Sigma | Sigma Gamma Rho | Zeta Phi Beta

North-American Interfraternity Conference Acacia | Alpha Chi Rho | Alpha Delta Gamma | Alpha Delta Phi | Alpha Epsilon Pi | Alpha Gamma Rho | Alpha Gamma Sigma | Alpha Kappa Lambda | Alpha Phi Alpha | Alpha Phi Delta | Alpha Sigma Phi | Alpha Tau Omega | Beta Chi Theta | Beta Sigma Psi | Beta Theta Pi | Chi Phi | Chi Psi | Delta Chi | Delta Phi | Delta Psi | Delta Sigma Phi | Delta Tau Delta | Delta Upsilon | FarmHouse | Iota Phi Theta | Kappa Alpha Order | Kappa Alpha Psi | Kappa Alpha Society | Kappa Delta Phi | Kappa Delta Rho | Lambda Chi Alpha | Lambda Phi Epsilon | Lambda Sigma Upsilon | Lambda Theta Phi | Order of Omega | Phi Gamma Delta | Phi Iota Alpha | Phi Kappa Psi | Phi Kappa Sigma | Phi Kappa Tau | Phi Kappa Theta | Phi Lambda Chi | Phi Mu Delta | Phi Sigma Phi | Pi Kappa Alpha | Pi Kappa Phi | Pi Lambda Phi | Psi Upsilon | Sigma Alpha Mu | Sigma Chi | Sigma Nu | Sigma Phi Delta | Sigma Phi Epsilon | Sigma Phi Society | Sigma Tau Gamma | Tau Delta Phi | Tau Epsilon Phi | Tau Kappa Epsilon | Theta Chi | Theta Delta Chi | Theta Xi | Triangle | Zeta Beta Tau | Zeta Psi

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