Alvaro II

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King of Kongo from 1587 to 1614. One of Kongo's most powerful and important kings, who succeeded his father Álavro I, but not until resolving a dispute with his brother. Both sides brought armies to São Salvador but to avoid bloodshed they agreed to single combat, won by Álvaro.

Álvaro faced serious problems with other nobles besides his brother, and in 1590-91 was wracked by a serious, though poorly documented, civil war. In order to reestablish his authority, Álvaro had to accept the virtual independence of Miguel, the count of Soyo. In order to recognize those nobles who had been loyal to him during this struggle, Álvaro began granting habits of the Order of Christ to his followers. Although the Portuguese crown complained to the Pope about this, claiming that the king, as Grand Master of the Order was the only one to grant such habits, in fact, Kongo kings would establish this order and continued to knight their followers in it right through the nineteenth century.

During Álvaro's reign, the capital city, São Salvador was recognized as the capital of the diocese of Congo and Angola, and the first bishop was appointed, in 1596. However, because the kings of Portugal claimed the right of Patronage, they chose their own bishop. Constant struggles between the king and the bishop followed.

Kongo's relations with Portuguese Angola worsened during Álvaro's reign, and he complained bitterly about the behavior of the governors to the King of Spain (then also ruling Portugal)

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