Anaheim, California
Encyclopedia : A : AN : ANA : Anaheim, California
Anaheim is a city in Orange County, California, located 28 miles southeast of Los Angeles. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 328,014, making it the tenth-largest city in California and 55th-largest in the United States. Anaheim is the second largest city in Orange County and is known for its theme parks, sports teams, and convention center.
Founded by fifty German families in 1857 and incorporated on February 10, 1870, Anaheim developed into an industrial center, producing electronics, aircraft parts, and canned fruit. It is the site of the Disneyland Resort, a world-famous grouping of theme parks and hotels which opened in 1955, Angel Stadium, the Arrowhead Pond, and Anaheim Convention Center, the largest convention center on the American West Coast. Its name is a blend of "Ana", after the nearby Santa Ana River, and "heim", a common Upper German place name compound originally meaning "home".
History
Anaheim was founded in 1857 by grape farmers and wine makers from Franconia in Bavaria. The colony was situated on 1,165 acres. Settlers voted to call the community Annaheim, the "anna" referring to the Santa Ana River and "heim" meaning home in German. The name later was changed slightly, to Anaheim. To the spanish speaking neighbors, the settlement was known as Campo Alemán (Spanish for German Camp). The grape industry was destroyed in the 1880's by an insect pest. Other crops - walnuts, lemons, and of course oranges soon filled the void.
In the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan, at the height of its influence and popularity, decided to make Anaheim a model Klan city. In 1924, the Klan secretly managed to get four of its members elected to the five-member Board of Trustees. Nine of the ten members of the police force were also Klansmen. The four Klan trustees served for nearly a year, until they were publicly exposed, and voted out in a recall election in which 95% of the population participated.http://www.anaheimcolony.com/klan.htm
The Disneyland theme park was constructed in Anaheim from July 16, 1954 to July 17, 1955 and has since become Anaheim's largest tourist attraction. The location was formerly 160 acres of orange and walnut trees, some of which remain inside Disneyland. In 2001, Disney's California Adventure Park was opened to the public, being the most expansive project in the theme park's history.
In the late 1900s, Anaheim grew rapidly in population. Today, Anaheim has a diverse racial and ethnic composition.
Law and government
City government
Under its city charter, Anaheim operates under a council-manager government. Legislative authority is vested in a city council of five nonpartisan members, who hire a professional city manager to oversee day-to-day operations. The mayor serves as the presiding officer of the city council in a first among equals role. All council seats are elected at large. Voters elect the mayor and four other members of the city council to serve four-year staggered terms. Elections for two council seats are held in years divisible by four while elections for the mayor and the two other council seats are held during the intervening even-numbered years. Under the city's term limits, an individual may serve a maximum of two terms as a city council member and two terms as the mayor.- Mayor: Curt Pringle (since 2002)
- City Manager: David M. Morgan (since 2002)
- City Council
- *Richard Chavez (since 2002)
- *Lorri Galloway (since 2004)
- *Bob Hernandez (since 2002)
- *Harry Sidhu (since 2004)
Federal, state and county representation
In the United States House of Representatives, Anaheim is split between three Congressional districts:- 40th, represented by Ed Royce (R) since 1993
- 42nd, represented by Gary Miller (R) since 1999
- 47th, represented by Loretta Sanchez (D) since 1997
- 29th, represented by Bob Margett (R) since 2000
- 33rd, represented by Dick Ackerman (R) since 2000
- 34th, represented by Joe Dunn (D) since 1998
- 60th, represented by Bob Huff (R) since 2004
- 67th, currently vacant but formerly represented by Tom Harman (R) from 2000
- 68th, represented by Van Tran (R) since 2004
- 69th, represented by Tom Umberg (D) since 2004
- 71st, represented by Todd Spitzer (R) since 2002
- 72nd, represented by Lynn Daucher (R) since 2000
- 3rd, represented by Bill Campbell since 2003
- 4th, represented by Chris Norby since 2003
Geography
Anaheim is located at (33.836165, -117.889769)[Geographic references#1GR1].According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 130.7 km² (50.5 mi²). 126.8 km² (48.9 mi²) of it is land and 3.9 km² (1.5 mi²) of it (2.99%) is water.
In the western portion of the city (not including Anaheim Hills), the major surface streets run east to west, starting with the northernmost, are La Palma Avenue, Lincoln Avenue, Ball Road, and Katella Avenue. The major surface streets running north-south, starting with the westernmost, are Beach Boulevard (CA-39), Magnolia Avenue, Brookhurst Street, Euclid Street, Harbor Boulevard, Anaheim Boulevard, and State College Boulevard.
The freeways that pass through Anaheim are the Santa Ana Freeway (I-5), the Orange Freeway (CA-57), the Riverside Freeway (CA-91). The Costa Mesa Freeway (CA-55), and the Eastern Transportation Corridor (CA-241) also have short stretches within the city limits.
Anaheim is served by rail by two major railroads, the Union Pacific Railroad and the BNSF Railway. In addition, Anaheim sees Amtrak California and Metrolink services and hosts a major regional train station in the Angel Stadium parking lot.
The current federal Office of Management and Budget metropolitan designation for Anaheim and the Orange County Area is "Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, CA."
Economy
The economy of Anaheim is mainly comprised of entertainment, tourism, and the service sector. It is home to many national conferences that take place at the Anaheim Convention Center. Anaheim is also the location of the Disneyland Resort, with two theme parks (consisting of Disneyland Park and Disney's California Adventure Park), three hotels and a shopping, dining and entertainment complex. There are also many hotels and the hospitality sector is a huge employer in the city.
Banco Popular North America's Regional Headquarters for California is located in Anaheim.
Demographics
As of the census[Geographic references#2GR2] of 2000, there were 328,014 people, 96,969 households, and 73,502 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,587.8/km² (6,702.0/mi²). There were 99,719 housing units at an average density of 786.7/km² (2,037.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 54.76% White, 2.66% Black or African American, 0.93% Native American, 11.98% Asian, 0.42% Pacific Islander, 24.21% from other races, and 5.02% from two or more races. 46.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.There were 96,969 households out of which 43.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.2% were non-families. 18.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.34 and the average family size was 3.75.
In the city the population was spread out with 30.2% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 33.5% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $47,122, and the median income for a family was $49,969. Males had a median income of $33,870 versus $28,837 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,266. About 10.4% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.
Education
As of May 2006, Anaheim is served by eight public school districts:
- Anaheim City School District
- Anaheim Union High School District
- Centralia School District
- Magnolia School District
- North Orange County Community College District
- Orange Unified School District
- Placentia-Yorba Linda School District
- Savanna Elementary School District
Transportation
Anaheim is served by two public bus transit systems (Metro & OCTA) and 2 rail systems (Amtrak & Metrolink). Anaheim and Orange County is serviced by John Wayne Airport, located 15 miles away and Los Angeles International (LAX), located 40 miles away.Attractions
- Angel Stadium of Anaheim
- Arrowhead Pond of Anaheim
- The Grove of Anaheim, formerly the Sun Theater, formerly Tinseltown Studios
Sports teams
- NHL team: Anaheim Ducks
- MLB team: Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim
- NLL team: Anaheim Storm (Folded after 2004-2005 season due to low attendance)
- The NFL's Los Angeles Rams played in Anaheim from 1980 through 1994 before moving to their current home of St. Louis.
Court battle against the Angels
On January 3, 2005 Angels Baseball, LP, the ownership group for the Anaheim Angels, announced that it would change the name of the club to the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. Team spokesmen pointed out that from its inception, the Angels had been granted territorial rights by Major League Baseball to the counties of Los Angeles, Ventura, Riverside, and San Bernardino in addition to Orange County. New owner Arturo Moreno believed the new name would help him market the team to the entire Southern California region rather than just Orange County. The "of Anaheim" was included in the official name to comply with a provision of the team's lease at Angel Stadium which requires that "Anaheim be included" in the team's name.
Mayor Curt Pringle and other city officials countered that the name change violated the spirit of the lease clause, even if it were in technical compliance. They argued that a name change was a major bargaining chip in negotiations between the city and Disney Baseball Enterprises, Inc., then the ownership group for the Angels. They further argued that the city would never have agreed to the new lease without the name change, because the new lease required that the city partially fund the stadium's renovation but provided very little revenue for the city. Anaheim sued Angels Baseball, LP in Orange County Superior Court, and a jury trial was completed in early January 2006, resulting in a victory for the Los Angeles Angels franchise.
Notable natives and residents
- Jeff Buckley, (birthplace), singer
- Don Davis, composer, The Matrix
- Eden Espinosa, actress, "Wicked"
- Jim Fassel, professional football coach
- Tony Kanal, bassist, No Doubt
- Carl Karcher, founder, Carl's Jr.
- Mark Langston, major league baseball pitcher
- Loretta Sanchez, U.S. Congresswoman
- Steve Soto, musician, The Adolescents
- Gwen Stefani, singer, No Doubt
- Lisa Tucker, singer, American Idol
- Mike Lockwood, professional wrestler (a.k.a. "Crash Holly"/"Mad Mikey"/"Erin O'Grady")
References
See also
External links
- [City of Anaheim, California - Official Home Page]
- [Anaheim Convention Center - Official Site]
- [City of Anaheim, California - Chamber of Commerce]
- [Maps and aerial photos]
- * Street map from [Google Maps] or [Yahoo! Maps]
- * Topographic map from [TopoZone]
- * Aerial image or topographic map from [TerraServer-USA]
- * Satellite image from [Google Maps] or [Windows Live Local]
- * WikiSatellite view at [WikiMapia]
- * Close-up color aerial from [TerraServer-USA] or [Google Local]
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