Apache Struts
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Apache Struts (formerly under the Apache Jakarta Project, Struts is now a top level project) is an open-source framework for developing Java EE web applications. It uses and extends the Java Servlet API to encourage developers to adopt an MVC architecture. It was originally created by Craig McClanahan and donated to the Apache Foundation in May, 2000.
This framework enables design and implementation of large web applications to be handled by different groups of people. In other words, page designers, component developers and other developers can handle their own bit of the project, all in tandem and in a decoupled manner. It features I18N (internationalization), a powerful custom tag library, tiled displays and form validation. It also supports a variety of presentation layers, including JSP, XML/XSLT, JavaServer Faces (JSF), and Velocity, as well as a variety of model layers, including JavaBeans and EJB.
Competing MVC frameworks
Although Struts is a very well documented, mature and popular framework for building front ends to Java applications, it is facing new challenges from newer "light weight" MVC frameworks such as Spring and Tapestry. The new XForms standards and frameworks may also be another option to building complex web Form validations with Struts in the future.In December 2005, Struts joined forces with another popular J2EE framework, WebWork. WebWork is being adopted as the 2.0 release of Apache Struts. WebWork spun off from Struts several years ago, and offers many enhancements and refinements, while retaining the same general architecture of the original Struts framework.
Sun recently brought out a new addition to the Java platform, called JavaServer Faces (JSF). Aside from the original framework, the Apache Struts project also offers a JSF-based framework called Shale.
Other MVC frameworks that are not J2EE based include Ruby on Rails, WebObjects, Django, Catalyst and TurboGears.
There's another J2EE framework which is based on Struts called paradiseRAD.
See also
References
- James Holmes: Struts: The Complete Reference, McGraw-Hill Osborne Media, ISBN 0072231319
- Bill Siggelkow: Jakarta Struts Cookbook, O'Reilly, ISBN 0-596-00771-X
- James Goodwill, Richard Hightower: Professional Jakarta Struts, Wrox Press, ISBN 0764544373
- John Carnell and Rob Harrop: Pro Jakarta Struts, Second Edition, Apress, ISBN 159059228X
- John Carnell, Jeff Linwood and Maciej Zawadzki: Professional Struts Applications: Building Web Sites with Struts, ObjectRelationalBridge, Lucene, and Velocity, Apress, ISBN 1590592557
- Ted Husted, etc: Struts in Action, Manning Publications Company, ISBN 1-930110-50-2
- [Struts View Assembly and Validation], (PDF format).
- Stephan Wiesner: Learning Jakarta Struts 1.2, Packt Publishing, 2005 ISBN 1-904811-54-X
External links
- [Apache Struts' home page]
- [AppFuse]
- [Struts Console] : GUI tool for working with Struts
- [Struts and UTF-8] : Handling UTF-8 in Struts with Servlet filters
- [Struts-Layout] : Rich TagLib for Struts
- [Free chapter] from Learning Jakarta Struts 1.2: A concise and practical tutorial book (PDF format)
- [A step-by-step Tutorial for Struts]
- [How to configure Struts for Tiles and modules]
License: Apache License | Website: [apache.org]
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