April 19

Encyclopedia : A : AP : APR : April 19

April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). There are 256 days remaining.

Contents

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

Events

1012 - Martyrdom of St. Alphege in Greenwich, London.
1529 - At the Diet of Speyer, a group of rulers (German: Fürst) and independent cities (German: Reichsstadt) protests the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms, beginning the Protestant movement.
1587 - Sir Francis Drake sinks the Spanish fleet in Cádiz harbor.
1692 - Bridget Bishop goes on trial in Salem, Massachusetts for witchcraft.
1713 - With no living male heirs, Emperor Charles VI issues the Pragmatic Sanction to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inherited by his daughter, Maria Theresa (not actually born until 1717).
1775 - American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Lexington and Concord – British General Thomas Gage attempts to confiscate American colonists' firearms. Captain John Parker orders his band of minutemen to not fire unless fired upon. Random shots rang out among the British soldiers. The minutemen promptly fired back. This was the "shot heard round the world." The British are driven back to Boston, Massachusetts, thus beginning the American Revolutionary War.
1809 - The army of Austria attacks and is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition.
1810 - Venezuela achieves home rule: Emparan, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a is installed.
1839 - The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom.
1861 - American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861, a pro-Secession mob in Baltimore, Maryland, attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
1892 - Charles Duryea claims to have driven the first automobile in the United States, in Springfield, Massachusetts.
1904 - Much of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, is destroyed by fire.
1909 - Joan of Arc receives beatification.
1919 - Leslie Irvin of the United States makes the first successful parachute jump and free-fall.
1927 - Mae West is sentenced to 10 days in jail for obscenity for her play Sex.
1928 - The 125th and final fascicle of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
1933 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt announces that the United States will be abandoning the gold standard.
1934 - Shirley Temple debuts in Stand Up and Cheer.
1936 - First day of the Great Uprising in Palestine.
1938 - RCA–NBC begins regular television broadcasts.
1943 - World War II: In Poland, German troops enter the Warsaw ghetto to round up the remaining Jews, beginning the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
1943 - Bicycle Day – Swiss chemist Dr. Albert Hofmann deliberately takes LSD for the first time.
1950 - Argentina becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
1951 - General Douglas MacArthur retires from the military.
1954 - Constituent Assembly of Pakistan decides Urdu and Bengali to be national languages of Pakistan.
1956 - Actress Grace Kelly marries Rainier III of Monaco.
1960 - Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against their president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.
1961 - The Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba ends in failure.
1971 - Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.
1971 - Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans Against the War begin a five-day demonstration in Washington, DC.
1971 - Launch of Salyut 1, first human-made space station.
1976 - Executive Order 9066 is rescinded.
1978 - Lagumot Harris is elected President of Nauru.
1985 - U.S.S.R performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk U.S.S.R.
1989 - A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
1993 - The 50-day siege of the Branch Davidian building outside Waco, Texas, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. Eighty-one people die.
1995 - Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, is bombed, killing 168.
1999 - The German Bundestag returns to Berlin.
2000 - An Air Philippines Boeing 737-200 crashes near Davao International Airport, killing 131.
2005 - Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger elected Pope Benedict XVI on the second day of the Papal conclave.

Births

1320 - King Peter I of Portugal (d. 1367)
1452 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1504)
1603 - Michel le Tellier, French statesman (d. 1685)
1658 - Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine (d. 1716)
1665 - Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (d. 1721)
1686 - Vasily Tatishchev, Russian statesman (d. 1750)
1721 - Thomas McKean, signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence (d. 1817)
1721 - Roger Sherman, signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence (d. 1793)
1785 - Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer (d. 1858)
1793 - Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
1832 - José Echegaray y Eizaguirre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
1874 - Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
1882 - Getúlio Vargas, President of Brazil (d. 1954)
1883 - Richard von Mises, Austrian-born mathematician (d. 1953)
1889 - Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician (d. 1946)
1892 - Germaine Tailleferre, French composer (d. 1983)
1897 - Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
1897 - Constance Talmadge, American actress (d. 1973)
1899 - George O'Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
1900 - Richard Hughes, English novelist (d. 1976)
1903 - Eliot Ness, American lawman (d. 1957)
1912 - Glenn Seaborg, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
1919 - Merce Cunningham, American dancer and choreographher
1922 - Erich Hartmann, German pilot (d. 1993)
1925 - Hugh O'Brian, American actor
1928 - Alexis Korner, English musician (d. 1984)
1930 - Dick Sargent, American actor (d. 1994)
1931 - Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist (d. 2004)
1932 - Dickie Goodman, American humorist (d. 1989)
1933 - Dickie Bird, English cricket umpire
1933 - Jayne Mansfield, American actress (d. 1967)
1935 - Dudley Moore, English actor, musician, comedian, composer (d. 2002)
1936 - Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium
1937 - Elinor Donahue, American actress
1937 - Joseph Estrada, actor and President of the Philippines
1940 - Genya Ravan, American vocalist (Goldie & the Gingerbreads, Ten Wheel Drive)
1941 - Alan Price, English Musician (The Animals), (The Alan Price Set)
1944 - James Heckman, American economist, Bank of Sweden Prize
1944 - Bernie Worrell, American keyboardist (P Funk)
1946 - Tim Curry, British actor
1947 - Murray Perahia, American pianist
1947 - Mark Volman, American musician (The Turtles
1948 - Rick Miller, American baseball player
1949 - Larry Walters, American "lawn chair" pilot
1951 - Barry Brown, Amercian actor and writer (d. 1978)
1952 - Alexis Arguello, Nicaraguan boxer
1953 - Rod Morgenstein, American musician (Winger)
1953 - Ruby Wax, British television personality
1960 - Roger Merrett, Australian footballer
1960 - Frank Viola, baseball player
1962 - Al Unser, Jr., American race car driver
1965 - Suge Knight, American record producer
1967 - Steven H Silver, American science fiction editor
1967 - Greg Ferrara, Independent Filmmaker, writer
1967 - Dar Williams, American musician and songwriter
1968 - Mswati III, King of Swaziland
1968 - Ashley Judd, American actress
1970 - Kelly Holmes, English athlete
1970 - Luis Miguel, Mexican pop-singer
1972 - Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
1975 - Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer
1975 - Jussi Jääskeläinen, Finnish footballer (Goalkeeper)
1977 - Lucien Mettomo, Cameroonian footballer
1978 - James Franco, American actor
1978 - Gabriel Heinze, Argentinian footballer
1979 - Kate Hudson, American actress
1981 - Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor
1981 - Troy Polamalu, American football player
1981 - Catalina Sandino Moreno, Colombian actress
1987 - Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player
1987 - Oksana Akinshina, Russian actress

Deaths

1012 - Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 954)
1054 - Pope Leo IX (b. 1002)
1390 - King Robert II of Scotland (b. 1316)
1560 - Philipp Melanchthon, German humanist and reformer (b. 1497)
1578 - Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
1588 - Paolo Veronese, Italian painter
1608 - Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English statesman and poet (b. 1536)
1627 - John Beaumont, English poet (b. 1583)
1629 - Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer
1632 - King Sigismund I of Sweden (b. 1561)
1686 - Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish writer (b. 1610)
1689 - Queen Christina of Sweden (b. 1626)
1733 - Elizabeth Villiers, mistress of William III of England
1739 - Nicholas Saunderson, English mathematician (b. 1682/3)
1751 - Peter Lacy, Irish-born Russian Field marshal (b. 1678)
1768 - Canaletto, Italian artist (b. 1697)
1791 - Richard Price, Welsh philosopher (b. 1723)
1813 - Benjamin Rush, physician, activist (b. 1745)
1824 - George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron, English poet (b. 1788)
1854 - Robert Jameson, Scottish naturalist (b. 1774)
1881 - Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
1882 - Charles Darwin, English biologist (b. 1809)
1892 - Fr. Thomas Dale SSC, Anglican clergyman prosecuted for Ritualist practices in the 1870s (b. 1821)
1906 - Pierre Curie, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
1914 - Charles Sanders Peirce, American philosopher and mathematician (b. 1839)
1916 - Ephraim Shay, American inventor (b. 1839)
1926 - Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov, Russian statistician (b. 1874)
1930 - Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, Canadian senator (b. 1827)
1937 - William Martin Conway, British art critic and mountaineer (b. 1856)
1949 - Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
1950 - Ernst Robert Curtius, Alsatian philologist (b. 1886)
1967 - Konrad Adenauer, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
1971 - Russ Hodges, American sports broadcaster (b. 1910)
1971 - Earl Thomson, Canadian athlete (b. 1895)
1973 - Hans Kelsen, Austrian-born legal theorist (b. 1881)
1974 - Ayub Khan, President of Pakistan (b. 1907)
1975 - Percy L. Julian, American chemist (b. 1899)
1987 - Hugh Brannum, American actor (b. 1910)
1987 - Maxwell D. Taylor, American general and diplomat (b. 1901)
1989 - Daphne du Maurier, English author (b. 1907)
1992 - Frankie Howerd, English comedian and actor (b. 1917)
1993 - David Koresh, American cult leader (b. 1959)
1997 - Eldon Hoke also known as El Duce, American musician (b. 1958)
1998 - Octavio Paz, Mexican diplomat and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
1999 - David Sanes, US Navy employee whose death led to Navy's withdrawal from Puerto Rico
2002 - Layne Staley, American musician (b. 1967)
2004 - Norris McWhirter, Scottish co-founder of the Guinness Book of Records (b. 1925)
2004 - John Maynard Smith, English biologist (b. 1920)
2005 - Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
2005 - Bryan Ottoson, American musician (b. 1978)
2005 - Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish jazz bassist (b. 1946)
2005 - Blade Icewood, American rapper (b. 1977)
2006 - Scott Crossfield, First man to fly at Mach 2, killed in airplane crash.
2006 - Zola Levitt, messianic Jew of Zola Levitt Ministries Inc. and "Levitt Letter" news.

Holidays and observances

Patriot's Day (Massachusetts, Maine, and Wisconsin, USA).
Declaration of Independence Day (Venezuela).
Republic Day (Sierra Leone).
Landing of the 33 (Uruguay).
Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church:
*Saint Emma
*George of Antioch
*Ursmar
*Expeditus
Primrose Day (England) – primroses are placed on the statue of Benjamin Disraeli in Parliament Square, London on the anniversary of his death (1881).
The Roman holiday of Cerealia ends. (Roman Empire)
Bicycle Day.
Easter Sunday 1908, 1981, 1987, 1992. In the Gregorian Calendar Easter Sunday falls on 19 April more often than on any other date.

External links

April 18 - April 20 - March 19 - May 19 – listing of all days

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