Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase

Encyclopedia : A : AR : ARO : Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase

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|- | align="center" colspan="2" | |- | colspan="2" bgcolor="#dddddd" | Identifiers |- | bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | Symbol(s) | bgcolor="#eeeeee" | [DDC] |- | bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | Entrez | bgcolor="#eeeeee" | [1644] |- class="hiddenStructure" | bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | OMIM | bgcolor="#eeeeee" | [107930] |- | bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | RefSeq | bgcolor="#eeeeee" | [NM_000790] |- | bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | UniProt | bgcolor="#eeeeee" | [P20711] |- class="hiddenStructure" | bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | PDB | bgcolor="#eeeeee" | [] |- | colspan="2" bgcolor="#dddddd" | Other data |- class="hiddenStructure" | bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | EC number | bgcolor="#eeeeee" | [4.1.1.28] |- | bgcolor="#e7dcc3" | Locus | bgcolor="#eeeeee" | Chr. 7[p11] |- |} Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (EC [4.1.1.28], synonyms: DOPA decarboxylase, tryptophan decarboxylase, 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, AAAD) is an enzymecatalyzing the decarboxylation of L-DOPA or 5-HTP to yield the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin (5-HT), respectively. The enzyme uses pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor. In normal dopamine and 5-HT neurotransmitter synthesis, AAAD is not the rate-limiting step of in either reaction. However, AAAD becomes the rate-limiting step of dopamine formation in Parkinson's Disease patients treated with L-DOPA.

AAAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of biogenic trace amines.

The same enzyme is also able to the decarboxylate the amino acid tryptophan to tryptamine, a precursor to many alkaloids found in plants and animals.

 

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