August 13
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Events
- 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury corollation, the Maya calendar starts.
- 523 - John succeeds Hormisdas as Pope.
- 1099 - Paschal II elected Pope.
- 1315 - Louis X of France marries Clemence d'Anjou.
- 1326 - Aradia de Toscano, according to legend/folklore, is initiated into a Dianic witchcraft cult, subsequently founds the tradition of Stregheria later known as the Malandanti.
- 1415 - Henry V of England lands at Chef-en-Caux, France with 8000 men.
- 1516 - Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain signed. In it, Francis recognizes Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles recognizes Francis's claim to Milan.
- 1521 - Tenochtitlán (present day Mexico City) falls to conquistador Hernán Cortés
- 1536 - Buddhist monks from Kyoto's Enryaku Temple set fire to 21 Nichiren temples throughout Kyoto in the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance. (Traditional Japanese date: July 27 1536).
- 1553 - Michael Servetus arrested by John Calvin in Geneva as a heretic.
- 1704 - War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Blenheim - English and Austrians victorious over French and Bavarians.
- 1814 - The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, is signed in London.
- 1905 - Norway holds referendum in favour of dissolving the union with Sweden.
- 1913 - Otto Witte, an acrobat, is crowned King of Albania.
- 1913 - Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley.
- 1918 - Women enlist in the United States Marine Corps for the first time. Opha Mae Johnson is the first woman to enlist.
- 1920 - Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw begins, lasts till August 25. The Red Army is defeated.
- 1923 - First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport.
- 1937 - Battle of Shanghai begins.
- 1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain begins - The Luftwaffe launches a series of attacks on British fighter bases and radar installations.
- 1942 - Walt Disney's fifth animated feature, Bambi, premieres.
- 1960 - The Central African Republic declares independence from France.
- 1961 - The German Democratic Republic closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin, to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West.
- 1968 - Alexandros Panagoulis attempts to assassinate the Greek dictator Colonel G. Papadopoulos in Varkiza, Athens, Greece.
- 1979 - The roof of the uncompleted Rosemont Horizon near Chicago, Illinois collapses, killing 5 workers and injuring 16.
- 1987 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan assumes responsibility for his role in the Iran-Contra scandal.
- 1991 - The SNES (Super Nintendo Entertainment System) debuts in the USA.
- 1996 - Marc Dutroux, his wife Michelle Martin, and Michel Lelièvre are arrested on suspicion of kidnapping. All are found guilty on June 22, 2004, with sentences of life, 30, and 25 years, respectively.
- 1997 - South Park debuts on Comedy Central.
- 2004 - The 28th Summer Olympics opens in Athens, Greece.
- 2004 - Hurricane Charley, a Category 4 storm, strikes Punta Gorda, Florida and devastates the surrounding area.
- 2004 - Black Friday crackdown by NSS on a peaceful protest in the capital city of Maldives, Malé.
- 2004 - 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi.
- 2004 - Adam Curry's first Daily Source Code is created, launching podcasting.
Births
- 582 - Arnulf of Metz, French bishop and saint (d. 640)
- 1311 - King Alfonso XI of Castile and Leon (d. 1350)
- 1313 - Aradia de Toscano, Italian insurrectionist, teacher, and witch
- 1584 - Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, English politician (d. 1640)
- 1625 - Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician, and physicist (d. 1698)
- 1662 - Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, English politician (d. 1748)
- 1666 - William Wotton, English scholar (d. 1727)
- 1700 - Heinrich, count von Brühl, German statesman (d. 1763)
- 1717 - Louis François I, Prince of Conti, French military leader (d. 1776)
- 1721 - Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (b. 1665)
- 1764 - Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (d. 1816)
- 1792 - Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen of William IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1849)
- 1803 - Vladimir Odoevsky, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1869)
- 1814 - Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist (d. 1874)
- 1818 - Lucy Stone, American suffragette (d. 1893)
- 1819 - George Gabriel Stokes, French physicist (d. 1903)
- 1820 - Sir George Grove, English music historian (d. 1900)
- 1823 - Goldwin Smith, English-born historian and journalist (d. 1910)
- 1851 - Felix Adler, German-born educator (d. 1933)
- 1860 - Annie Oakley, American sharpshooter (d. 1926)
- 1866 - Giovanni Agnelli, Italian industrialist (d. 1945)
- 1872 - Richard Willstätter, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
- 1879 - John Ireland, English composer (d. 1962)
- 1887 - Julius Freed, American inventor and banker (d. 1952)
- 1888 - John Logie Baird, Scottish television pioneer (d. 1946)
- 1895 - Bert Lahr, American actor (d. 1967)
- 1899 - Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, English film director (d. 1980)
- 1902 - Felix Wankel, German engineer and inventor (d. 1988)
- 1904 - Charles 'Buddy' Rogers, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1907 - Sir Basil Spence, Scottish architect (d. 1976)
- 1912 - Ben Hogan, American golfer (d. 1997)
- 1912 - Salvador Luria, Italian-born biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1991)
- 1913 - Fred Davis, English snooker player (d. 1998)
- 1913 - Makarios III, Archbishop and first President of Cyprus (d.1977)
- 1918 - Frederick Sanger, English chemist, Nobel Pirze laureate
- 1919 - George Shearing, British musician
- 1920 - Neville Brand, American actor (d. 1992)
- 1926 - Fidel Castro, Cuban revolutionary and politician
- 1930 - Don Ho, American musician
- 1933 - Doctor Joycelyn Elders, United States Surgeon General
- 1941 - Erin Fleming, Canadian actress (d. 2003)
- 1943 - David St. Hubbins, singer and guitarist (Spinal Tap). Fictional character, played by Michael McKean
- 1944 - Kevin Tighe, American actor
- 1948 - Kathleen Battle, American soprano
- 1949 - Bobby Clarke, Canadian hockey player
- 1951 - Dan Fogelberg, American singer
- 1952 - Herb Ritts, American photographer (d. 2004)
- 1959 - Danny Bonaduce, American actor
- 1961 - Sandra Miranda, Puerto Rican Hair Stylist and Entrepreneur
- 1967 - Amélie Nothomb, Belgian writer
- 1969 - Midori Ito, Japanese figure skater
- 1970 - Matthew Hyson, American professional wrestler
- 1970 - Alan Shearer, English footballer
- 1971 - Nichola Holt, contestant in Big Brother UK series 1 and porn actress
- 1972 - Hani Hanjour, September 11, 2001 attacks pilot and terrorist
- 1973 - Brittany Andrews, American model and actress
- 1973 - Molly Henneberg, American journalist
- 1975 - Joe Perry, English snooker player
- 1975 - Marty Turco, Canadian hockey player
- 1975 - Shoaib Akhtar, Pakistani Fast bowler
- 1977 - Michael Klim, Australian swimmer
- 1978 - Paul Banks, AKA Lloyd Banks
- 1979 - Taizo Sugimura, Japanese politician
- 1982 - Shani Davis, American speed skater
- 1983 - Ales Hemsky, Czech Republican hockey player
- 1992 - Katharine Close, Scripps Howard National Spelling Bee Winner of 2006
Deaths
- 586 - Radegund, wife of Clotaire I
- 900 - Zwentibold, last King of Lotharingia (b. 870)
- 1134 - Piroska of Hungary, Empress consort of John II Comnenus
- 1382 - Eleanor of Aragon, wife of John I of Castile (b. 1358)
- 1523 - Gerard David, Flemish painter
- 1617 - Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (b. 1540)
- 1667 - Jeremy Taylor, Irish author and bishop (b. 1613)
- 1686 - Louis Maimbourg, French-born historian (b. 1610)
- 1744 - John Cruger, Dutch-born Mayor of New York (b. 1678)
- 1749 - Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (b. 1719)
- 1755 - Francesco Durante, Italian composer (b. 1684)
- 1826 - René Laënnec, French physician (b. 1781)
- 1863 - Eugène Delacroix, French painter (b. 1798)
- 1865 - Ignaz Semmelweis, Austro-Hungarian physician (b. 1818)
- 1910 - Florence Nightingale, English nurse (b. 1820)
- 1912 - Jules Massenet, French composer (b. 1842)
- 1917 - Eduard Buchner, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1860)
- 1946 - H. G. Wells, English writer (b. 1866)
- 1958 - Otto Witte, acrobat and King of Albania (b. 1868)
- 1965 - Ikeda Hayato, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1899)
- 1984 - Tigran Petrosian, Georgian chess player (b. 1929).
- 1989 - Tim Richmond, American race car driver (b. 1955)
- 1994 - Elias Canetti, Bulgarian-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
- 1995 - Jan Křesadlo, Czech-born writer (b. 1926)
- 1995 - Mickey Mantle, baseball player (b. 1931)
- 1996 - David Tudor, American pianist and composer (b. 1926)
- 1999 - Jaime Garzón, Colombian journalist and comedian, murdered (b. 1960)
- 2003 - Ed Townsend, American songwriter and producer (b. 1929)
- 2004 - Julia Child, American chef and television personality (b. 1912)
- 2005 - David Lange, Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1942)
Holidays and observances
- Roman festivals - Vertumnalias in honor of Vertumnus, and also Diana, on the Aventine hill
- RC saints - Pontianus and Hippolytus, Radegunde (help against the pox), Cassianus of Imola (patron of shorthand-writers)
- International Lefthanders Day
- In Brasil, Friday 13 August (agosto) is considered to be especially filled with sorrow (desgosto)
- Roman Catholicism - the feasts of at least 6 saints:
- *St. Hippolytus
- *St. Cassian
- *St. John Berchmans
- *St. John Bosco
- *St. Radegund
- *St. Wigbert
External links
August 12 - August 14 - July 13 - September 13 -- listing of all days
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