Belpaire firebox

Encyclopedia : B : BE : BEL : Belpaire firebox

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A PRR N1s. Note where the square Belpaire firebox meets the circular boiler.

A 4-8-2 with a normal firebox for comparison.

The Belpaire firebox is a type of steam engine firebox which was invented by Alfred Belpaire of Belgium.

Normally, the firebox of a steam locomotive has a semicircular top to match the contour of the boiler, however, the Belpaire firebox has more of a rectangular shape, making a locomotive equipped with one easy to spot. As one might expect, attaching a square box to a round tube is more difficult, but there are advantages which offset this. Interior bracing of the firebox is simplified, and the flat top increases the surface area at the top of the firebox, improving heat transfer and steam production.

The Pennsylvania Railroad used Belpaire fireboxes on nearly all of their steam locomotives. The distinct square shape practically became a PRR trademark, as no other American railroad except the Great Northern used Belpaire fireboxes in significant numbers.

See also:

Steam locomotive nomenclature

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