Bishop of Sodor and Man
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The Bishop of Sodor and Man is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Sodor and Man in the Province of York.
The diocese covers the Isle of Man. The see is in the city of Peel where the bishop's seat is located at the Cathedral Church of St German, elevated to cathedral status on 1 November 1980.
The diocese was reputedly created by St Patrick in 447 with the foundation of his cathedral on St Patrick's Isle at the mouth of the River Neb. Becoming a Norwegian diocese in the 9th century it remained so until the early 16th century.
The Bishop of Sodor headed in the Middle Ages and Tudor times the diocese which came to have as its territory of the Isle of Man and its adjacent islets. Originally its jurisdiction was much larger.
The early history of this see is extremely obscure. Before 1098 Man seems to have been a distinct see dependent on Dublin. When Man became the head of a separate kingdom, under the suzerainty of Norway, the diocese of Sodor was formed in 1154 by Pope Eugene III and assigned to be part of the Norwegian Province of Nidaros, with seat in the modern Trondheim. This arrangement was confirmed by Pope Anastasius IV in 1154.
The new diocese covered the Hebrides and the other islands along the west coast of Scotland. The name in the original Norse was Súðreyjar or Sudreys, or "southern isles", in contrast to the Norðreyjar, the "northern isles" of Orkney and Shetland. The Isle of Man was included within these southern isles. But it is not known from what date this became effective: it may have been in the time of Magnus Barefoot (1098).
The political connection of Man as of all these islands with Norway was severed in 1266, when they were ceded to Scotland. The Isle of Man was detached from the Scottish islands in 1334 and finally came to depend on England. In 1458 the diocese was transferred by Pope Calixtus III to the Province of York in England.
King Henry IV gave the island to the Stanleys, who thus acquired the patronage of the bishopric, but the bishops never attained the status of lords spiritual of the English Parliament.
The cathedral, dedicated to St. Germain, was situated on St Patrick's Isle at Peel (the only city on Man) and was built in 1245 on the site of an earlier building. It is possible that the origin of the name "Sodor" was lost and its meaning was applied to this islet as the seat of the bishop.
The present Anglican diocese is called "Sodor and Man". The termination "and Man" appears to have been added in the 17th century and the designation "Sodor and Man" had become a fixture by 1684.
The current bishop is the Right Reverend Graeme Paul Knowles, AKC, the 80th Bishop of Sodor and Man, who signs Graeme Sodor and Man.
List of the Bishops of the Diocese of Sodor and Man
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
| Tenure | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 447 to ???? | Germanus, Bishop of Man | |
| ??? to ??? | Conindrius, Bishop of Man | |
| ??? to ??? | Romulus, Bishop of Man | |
| 498 to ??? | Machutus, Bishop of Man (Machilla; Maughold) | |
| ??? to ??? | Conanus, Bishop of Man and Bishop of Sodor | |
| ??? to ??? | Contentus, Bishop of Man and Bishop of Sodor Saint | |
| ??? to ??? | Bladus, Bishop of Man and Bishop of Sodor Saint | |
| ??? to ??? | Malchus, Bishop of Man and Bishop of Sodor Saint | |
| 889 to ??? | Torkinus, Bishop of Man and Bishop of Sodor | |
| ??? to ??? | Roolwer, Bishop of Man and Bishop of Sodor (Rolf) | |
| ??? to ??? | William, Bishop of Man and Bishop of Sodor | |
| ??? to ??? | Brendinus, Bishop of Man and Bishop of Sodor | |
| 1113 to 1151 | Wymundus, Bishop of Sodor and Man | Reymundus |
| 1151 to 1154 | John | Monk of Sais, Normandy |
| 1154 to ???? | Gamaliel | |
| ???? to ???? | Reginald (Reginald of Norway) | |
| ???? to ???? | Christian Orcadensis (Christian of Orkney) | |
| ???? to ???? | Michael | Died (in office?) 1203 |
| 1203 (or 1204) to 1217 | Nicholas de Meaux | Abbot of Furnes (Furness?) |
| 1217 to 1226 | Reginald | |
| 1226 to 1230 | John | |
| 1230 to 1249 | Simon Orcadensis (Simon of Orkney; Simon Arkadiensis; Symon) | |
| 1249 to 1249 | Lawrence (Laurence) | Archdeacon of Man; shipwrecked and drowned on voyage from Norway before taking up the office |
| 1249 to 1252 | vacant | For nearly 2 years |
| 1252 to 1274 | Richard | Died in office |
| 1275 (or 1280) to 1303 | Mark of Galloway (Mauritius) | Promoted by Alexander, King of Scotland; died in office |
| 1303 to 1305 | vacant | |
| 1305 to 15 February 1321 | Allen of Galloway (Onachus of Galloway; John of Galloway) | Died in office |
| 1321 to 1323 | Gilbert McLelland (Gilbert of Galloway) | Died in office |
| 1324 to 1333 | Bernard de Linton | Abbot of Kilwinning, Scotland |
| 1334 to 20 September 1348 | Thomas of Dunkeld | Died in office |
| 1348 to 21 April 1374 | William Russell | Abbot of Rushen; died in office |
| 1374 to 1380 | John Donkan (John Donkin; John Dunkan) | Died in office |
| 1381 to ???? | Robert Waldby | Purportedly bishop in 1396, (though disputed by Le Neve); translated to Dublin |
| 1492 to ???? | Conrad | Omitted from most lists |
| ???? to 1429 | vacant | For 'many years' |
| 1429 to ???? | John Burghersh | Cluniac brother; omitted from most lists |
| 1435 to ???? | John Seyr | Dominican brother; omitted from most lists |
| 1429 to ???? | Richard Pully (Richard Payl) | From 1410 in some sources; Franciscan brother |
| 1448 (or (1449) to 1455 | Robert Green (Robert Sprotton; John Sproton; John Grene; John Greene) | Vicar of Dunchurch, Warwickshire; Franciscan brother |
| 1455 to March 1457 | Thomas Burton | Franciscan brother; died in office |
| 1458 to 1480 | Thomas | Abbot of Vale Royal, Cheshire; elected 21 June 1458 |
| 1458 to ???? | Angus | Omitted from most lists |
| 1480 to 19 September 1486 | Richard Oldham | Abbot of Chester; died in office |
| 1487 to 1510 | Huan Hisketh (Huan Blackleach; Hugh Hesketh) | One source has Blackleach from 1487 and Hesketh from 1503 or 1510 |
| 1510 to 1545 | Thomas Stanley | Rector of Wigan; deprived |
| 1510 to ???? | John Howden | Omitted from most lists |
| 1545 to 1548 | Robert Farrer (Robert Ferrar) | Translated to St Davids |
| 1546 to 1558 | Henry Mann (Henry Man) | Dean of Chester; Royal Assent to election given by King Henry VIII on 22 January 1546 |
| 1558 to 1568 | Thomas Stanley | Rector of Winwick as well as Berwick; restored by Queen Mary; died in office |
| 1571 to 1573 | John Salisbury | Nominated 27 March 1569 |
| 1573 to 1576 | James Stanley vacant | According to Le Neve |
| According to Heylyn | ||
| 1576 to 7 November 1599 | John Merick (John Meyrick) | Vicar of Hornchurch, Essex; died in office |
| 1599 to 1604 | George Lloyd | (From 1600 according to Haydn); rector of Heswall, Lancashire; translated to Chester |
| 1604 to 6 August 1633 | John Philips (John Phillips) | Archdeacon of Cleveland and Man; nominated by King James VI 29 January 1604; consecrated 10 February 1604; died in office |
| 1634 (or 1633) to 1635 | William Forster (William Foster) | Prebendary of Chester |
| 1635 to 1643 | Richard Parr | Rector of Lancashire; died in office |
| 1643 (or 1644) to 1661 | vacant | For 17 years (according to Haydn) |
| 1658 to 1661 | Thomas Kirkham | Cistercian brother; omitted from most lists |
| 1661 to 1663 | Samuel Rutter | Archdeacon of Man |
| 1663 to 1671 | Isaac Barrow | Fellow of Eton College; translated to St Asaph but held Sodor & Man 2 years in commendam |
| 1671 to 1682 | Henry Bridgman | Dean of Chester |
| 1682 to 1684 | John Lake | Archdeacon of Cleveland; translated to Bristol |
| 1684 to 1692 | Baptist Levinge (Baptiste Levinge) | Prebendary of Winchester |
| 1693 to 1697 | vacant | For 5 years |
| 1697 (or 1698) to 1755 | Thomas Wilson | Of Trinity College, Dublin; died in office |
| 1755 to 1773 | Mark Hiddesley (Mark Hildesley) | Vicar of Hitchen, Hertfordshire |
| 1773 to 1780 | Richard Richmond | Vicar of Walton-on-the-Hill, Lancashire |
| 1780 to 1783 | George Mason | Died in office |
| 1784 to 1813 | Claudius Crigan | |
| 1813 to 1814 | vacant | |
| 1813 (or 1814) to 1827 | George Murray | Translated to Rochester |
| 1827 to 1838 | William Ward | Died in office |
| 1838 to 1839 | James Bowstead | Translated to Lichfield |
| 1839 (or 1840) to 1841 | Henry Pepys | Translated to Worcester |
| 1841 to 1846 | Thomas Vowler Short | Rector of St George's, Bloomsbury; translated to St Asaph |
| 8 November 1846 to 1847 | Walter August Shirley | Died in office |
| 1847 to 1849 | The Honourable Robert John Eden | |
| 1849 to 1854 | The Right Honourable Robert John Eden, the Earl of Auckland | (This from Haydn appears contra to http://www.thepeerage.com/p3405.htm#i34046); translated to Bath & Wells |
| 5 July 1854 to 31 May 1877 | The Honourable Horatio Powys | Rector of Warrington and rural dean; died in office |
| 17 July 1877 to 27 May 1887 | Rowley Hills, DD | Canon of York; died in office |
| 1887 to 1892 | John Wareing Bardsley John Wareing Bardesley | Archdeacon of Warrington |
| 1892 to 1907 | Norman Dumenil K Straton | |
| 1907 to 1911 | Thomas W Drury | |
| 1911 to 1925 | James Denton Thompson | |
| 1925 to 1928 | Charles Leonard Thornton-Duesbury | |
| 1928 to 1943 | William Stanton Jones | |
| 1943 to 1954 | John Ralph Strickland Taylor | |
| 1954 to 1966 | Benjamin Pollard, TD, DD, MSc | |
| 1966 to 1974 | George Eric Gordon | |
| 1974 to 1983 | Vernon Sampson Nicholls | |
| 1983 to 1989 | Arthur Henry Attwell | |
| 1989 to 2003 | Noel Debroy Jones, CB, BA | |
| 2003 to present | Graeme Paul Knowles, AKC |
| Anglican Hierarchy in Great Britain | ||
| Provincial metropolitans | Diocesan bishops | |
| The Church of England | ||
| Archbishop of Canterbury>Canterbury | Bath & Wells | Birmingham | Bristol | Saint Edmundsbury & Ipswich | Chelmsford | Chichester | Coventry | Derby | Ely | Exeter | Gibraltar in Europe | Gloucester | Guildford | Hereford | Leicester | Lichfield | Lincoln | London | Norwich | Oxford | Peterborough | Portsmouth | Rochester | Saint Albans | Salisbury | Southwark | Truro | Winchester | Worcester | |
| Archbishop of York>York | Blackburn | Bradford | Carlisle | Chester | Durham | Liverpool | Manchester | Newcastle | Ripon and Leeds | Sheffield | Sodor & Man | Southwell | Wakefield | |
| The Church in Wales | ||
| Archbishop of Wales>Wales | Bangor | Llandaff | Monmouth | Saint Asaph | Saint David's | Swansea & Brecon | |
| The Scottish Episcopal Church | ||
| Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church>Primus | Aberdeen and Orkney | Argyll & the Isles | Brechin | Edinburgh | Glasgow & Galloway | Moray, Ross & Caithness | Saint Andrews, Dunkeld & Dunblane | |
| [http://encycl.opentopia.com/ edit this box] | ||
Sources
- Haydn's Book of Dignities (1894) Joseph Haydn/Horace Ockerby, reprinted 1969
- http://www.number-10.gov.uk/output/Page4338.asp
- http://www.tudorplace.com.ar
- http://manxman.flyinghat.net/
- Whitaker's Almanack 1883 to 2004 Joseph Whitaker, J. Whitaker & Sons Ltd/A&C Black, London
- The Observer's Book of Cathedrals Anthony S.B. New, Frederick Warne & Co Ltd
- Discovering Cathedrals David Pepin, Shire Publications Ltd
See also
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