Blake's 7

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Blake's 7 was a BBC science fiction television series created by Terry Nation that ran four seasons from January 2, 1978 to December 21, 1981.

The series

The series was created by Terry Nation, who had previously worked on Doctor Who and created the Doctor's most famous adversaries, the Daleks. It was made in the United Kingdom and was produced and broadcast by the BBC. Blake's 7 resembled other BBC science fiction shows (such as Doctor Who), but was characterised by a darker tone and often defied the traditional sharply-defined ethical stances associated with this type of drama, with considerable blurring of the distinction between the "good" and the "bad" guys (and gals).

Loosely based on the Robin Hood legend, the show followed the exploits of a group of outlaw revolutionaries, led by a patriot-hero named Roj Blake (Gareth Thomas), who fought the fascist interstellar Terran Federation in the second century of the third calendar. Blake's 7 was watched by 10 million viewers at its peak, an enormous number for a space opera.

The show is noted for its strong focus on character; Blake and his band of outlaws were all highly individual, distinctive, and flawed, as often at each others' throats and in pursuit of their own private agendas as they were facing down their common enemies in the Federation. It also featured a remarkable attrition rate among its main characters, in violation of accepted practice for a drama of its nature. Unlike many mainstream TV dramas, the morally ambiguous or evil characters (specifically, Avon and the ruthless but charismatic Servalan) proved to be the most interesting, and both soon gathered dedicated fan followings.

According to actress Jacqueline Pearce, who played Servalan, Terry Nation originally intended her character to be a man, but halfway through writing the script he realised that it would be more interesting if the gender was reversed. Servalan was also meant to make only one appearance, but Pearce's commanding performance, great beauty and unusual close-cropped hairstyle made Servalan an instant hit and Pearce became a regular cast member.

The show's fascination with and careful study of dictatorial societies has made it a surprise hit in several Eastern European countries as a sort of pop culture Nineteen Eighty-Four. Characters working for the evil Federation were often portrayed as being motivated by their own concepts of duty and loyalty, as well as the overpowering pressure exerted by society. Tactics studied from the Soviet Union during the Stalin era (such as forced psychiatric treatments and show trials) were intermixed with papier-mache giant spiders and fur-suited aliens.

Blake's 7 was also remarkable for its range of influences; dialogue inspired by Casablanca and The Importance of Being Earnest was mixed with Spaghetti Western nihilism and pure camp, as well as the odd plot and a major character stolen from Shakespeare. (Most of the cast had classical training, and actor Michael Keating played his character, Vila Restal, as if channelling Feste, the brilliant but flawed jester in Twelfth Night.)

One striking characteristic of the show was its highly effective use of cliffhangers at the end of each season, a feature used to maximum effect in the fourth season's last episode, "Blake". This was deliberately written to be open-ended in case the series returned, but also to be final in case it did not.

Another notable (and often satirised) aspect of the show was the light construction of its sets. The "wobbly set syndrome" was particularly apparent during the numerous fight scenes—one presumes the actors had to be very careful to avoid colliding with the walls. Many scenes set on the surface of other worlds were filmed in quarries; fans of the show can now go on a Blake's 7 quarry location tour of the UK. James Follett, writer of two episodes Dawn of the Gods and Stardrive later stated that the budget of only £60,000 per episode allowed for very little expenditure on location shoots.

Blake's 7's major legacy to future TV space opera was the use of moral ambiguity and dysfunctional main characters to create tension, as well as long-term plot arcs to hold episodes together. Most (though not always all) of these traits were seen in Lexx, Andromeda, Deep Space 9, Babylon 5, Farscape, the reimaged Battlestar Galactica and Firefly rather than the "feel good" tone and unconnected episode structure of early Star Trek or the series' main contemporary, Doctor Who. Blake's 7 was also arguably unique in TV SF in that it had a major influence on written SF, with the revival of written space opera in the '90s coming from the UK at the hands of writers such as Stephen Baxter, Alastair Reynolds, and Iain M. Banks. These authors are all of the generation that watched Blake's 7, and their work features morally ambivalent, often sarcastic and driven characters, whose usually violently-terminated lives are spent in vast and baroque spacecraft.

Plot summary

The series begins when Roj Blake is arrested by the Federation, convicted on trumped-up charges of child molestation, and sent to a remote penal colony planet called Cygnus Alpha. On the prisoner transport ship London, he meets most of his future crew, whom he convinces to join him in a mutiny to take over the London. The mutiny fails, but before Blake and his cohorts can be executed, the London comes upon a mysterious unidentified starship, apparently derelict from a space battle. After several crewmembers attempt to board it and are killed by the ship's automated defenses, the London's captain decides to send Blake's group over to defuse them or die in the attempt. They manage to take over the mysterious and highly advanced ship, name it the Liberator, and set out to topple the Federation. At least, that is Blake's goal. His other crew members, particularly Kerr Avon, follow him with various degrees of reluctance.

By the end of the second season, Gareth Thomas (Blake) sought an exit from the series. His character is written out, with Blake being lost in an escape pod after Liberator is damaged in a ferocious battle with invaders from the Andromeda Galaxy over the Federation's central computer complex, known as Star One. (Terry Nation proposed that the invaders would be revealed as the Daleks, but the BBC was not happy with tying together its two sci-fi franchises in this way.) Jenna, another original crewmember, is also lost. Del Tarrant, a mercenary who has been posing as a Federation officer, is introduced to replace Blake, although Avon clashes even more frequently with Tarrant than he did with Blake. Avon eventually rises in dominance until he becomes the de facto leader of the group, now comprising Tarrant, Cally, Vila and young weapons expert Dayna Mellanby. The shadow of Blake remains strong over them, however, and they search for him sporadically throughout the remainder of the series.

Liberator is destroyed at the end of the third series, and the group soon acquires a new ship named Scorpio, a new recruit in the form of shady gunslinger Soolin and a home base on the planet Xenon. The fight against the Federation continues, growing more desperate for both sides: the Federation was significantly weakened after the loss of Star One and the Intergalactic War that followed, allowing Servalan (the Supreme Commander of its military forces) to seize power and sweep aside any remaining positive qualities the Federation may have had. She is later deposed and forced to operate on the fringes of the Federation in a lesser position under the alias "Commissioner Sleer".

In a climax that ensured the show a lasting place in the history of television, the crew at last finds Blake working as a bounty hunter on a backwater planet named Gauda Prime. Mistakenly believing that Blake has betrayed them, Avon kills Blake (blood is shown). Federation Troopers overrun the remainder, shooting all except Avon (it is not clear whether they are dead). Surrounded, Avon raises his own weapon, and as the picture cuts to black, a flurry of gunfire is heard and the end credits roll.

Here, at least, Blake's 7 is thankfully free of "Stormtrooper effect". The Federation troopers summarily efficiently demolish Avon and his followers in a few accurate shots with their standard issue paraguns.

Blake's death is shown in surprisingly graphic detail, considering that the episode ended at around 20:10 (well before the watershed for violence). The blood and gore was added at Gareth Thomas's insistence (it was in his contract), to prevent any assumption (by audience or future casting directors) that Blake was only wounded and could return.

There is a lot of confusion about the exact intention behind the final episode. Script editor Chris Boucher, who wrote the episode, has stated that it was deliberately left open-ended in case there was a fifth season. For those actors who were available, their characters would survive, while for those who were not, their characters would be confirmed as dead.

The series did return in the late 1990s as two radio plays (The Sevenfold Crown and The Syndeton Experiment) broadcast on BBC Radio. These were set in the Season 4 time-frame prior to the events on Gauda Prime. Paul Darrow (Avon), Michael Keating (Vila), Jacqueline Pearce (Servalan), Steven Pacey (Tarrant) and Peter Tuddenham (voice of Orac/Slave) reprised their original roles, with replacements Paula Wilcox and Angela Bruce as Soolin and Dayna.

In spite of (or perhaps because of) the cliffhanger ending, so-called "post Gauda Prime" stories about possible resolutions are a particularly popular topic in Blake's 7 fan fiction. The proposed sequel miniseries would centre on Avon, the only crewmember still standing in the final shot. It would reveal that Avon had not died, but was taken prisoner. The sequel would take place after Avon had been left to rot in prison for twenty years, forgotten or become a myth to the outside world, because most believed he was dead. Avon's return would be a parallel to the escape from Elba of Napoleon. But much fan fiction finds ways to keep Avon and all his followers alive here, including letting paraguns have a stun mode.

A complete list of episodes with capsule summaries can be found at the list of Blake's 7 episodes.

Locations

These notable locations appeared in Blake's 7:

• Albian – The planet to which a Federation officer, Space Major Provine, was tracked by Blake and his crew. Provine was one of the individuals who supposedly knew details regarding the location of Star One.
• Aristo - Retreat for the hermit genius Ensor. Orac was hidden on Aristo with him.
• Auron - Home to Cally and her telepathic cloned race, the Auronar.
• Cygnus Alpha - A barren, desolate world used as a penal colony by the Federation. Blake et al were sent there at the beginning of the series as punishment for their crimes.
• Earth - In the future of Blake, almost all humans live in vast domed cities which they are forbidden to leave. Outside of the cities nature has reclaimed the landscape and vegetation is in abundance, often overrunning the ruins of pre-Federation habitation sites.
• Exbar - A former penal colony for low-grade offenders, one of whom was Blake's uncle, Ushton. Otherwise Exbar was an unremarkable planet, presumably why its name is based on the mathematical symbol for the average.
• Gauda Prime — A planet overrun with bounty hunters and the scum of the galaxy - but some of whose inhabitants wish to return it to normality (and the Federation). It appears in the last episode of the series.
• Goth - A planet inhabited by feudal and superstitious people seemingly similar to Vikings. The Sharl's (king's) Fool had the location of Star One hidden in his subconscious.
• Horizon - A planet formerly loosely affiliated with the Federation. Populated by people of an unindustrialised civilisation, the Federation used them to mine the rich resourced of Horizon.
• Kairos - The only planet where the precious substance Kairopan can be found. It can only be visited during brief periods. During most of the seasons on Kairos the air is poisonous to human life.
• Phosphoron - A federation planet home to a communications relay and scientific station known as Q-Base. Following the events of Killer, the planet is under plague warning.
• Saurian Major - A Federation outpost and communications relay. Cally was discovered on this planet trying to destroy said communications device.
• Star One – A white dwarf star with a single planet holding the Federation's main computer complex, situated between our galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy. Star One's planet, or at least the Federation base there, was destroyed in an intergalactic war.
• Terminal – A bizarrely flattened planet that had been constructed several centuries before in the Solar System and supposedly destroyed, appearing in the episode Terminal. In the next episode it reverted to a more conventional shape.
• Ultraworld - An artificial planet overseen by a group of blue humanoids known as the Ultra. In reality, the whole planet is a gigantic computer.
• XK-72 - A space research station financed by a neutral consortium. The crew of the Liberator sought medical assistance for Gan whose limiter chip had malfunctioned. XK-72 was destroyed accidentally during a skirmish between the Liberator and Federation pursuit ships.
• Zondar - A world outside of Federation control. An arid desert planet, the only place where a species of cactus known as Moondiscs grow. The Terra Nostra farm Moondiscs to make the narcotic Shadow.

In reality, Blake's 7 included location filming in England, mostly in and around London and the Home Counties.

Cast

• Roj Blake - Gareth Thomas
• Kerr Avon - Paul Darrow
• Jenna Stannis - Sally Knyvette
• Vila Restal - Michael Keating
• Olag Gan - David Jackson
• Cally - Jan Chappell
• Zen (Liberator) - Peter Tuddenham (voice)
• Orac - Peter Tuddenham (voice)
• Slave (Scorpio) - Peter Tuddenham (voice)
• Servalan - Jacqueline Pearce
• Travis - Stephen Greif/Brian Croucher
• Dayna Mellanby - Josette Simon
• Del Tarrant - Steven Pacey
• Soolin - Glynis Barber

Music and sound effects

Theme tune

Blakes 7's theme tune was written by Australian composer Dudley Simpson, who had been a regular composer of music for the BBC's Doctor Who for over a decade previously. The same recording of Simpson's theme tune was used for the opening titles of the entire four seasons of the show; for season 4, a new recording was used for the closing titles, which featured a somewhat less bombastic and more easy listening-style of arrangement.

Incidental music

Simpson also provided the incidental music for 51 of the 52 episodes, the exception being the Season A episode Duel. This was because it was directed by the late Douglas Camfield, who bore a personal grudge against Simpson, and refused to use him#redirect .

\"Special sound\"

In addition to conventional incidental music and traditional acoustic "foley effects", Blakes 7 featured considerable use of what the BBC credits called "special sound". This involved an extensive array of electronically generated sound effects, ranging from spot foley-style effects for various props (e.g. operation the Liberator & Scorpio teleport, engine sounds, handguns, flight-console buttons etc) to background "atmospheres" (ambient textures present throughout in certain sets or locations), and occasionally even crossing over into the realm of incidental music (e.g. on the episodes "Duel" and "Gambit"). All the special sounds for Blakes 7 were provided by the BBC Radiophonic Workshop: Richard Yeoman-Clark working from the beginning of the series up until "Gambit", whereupon new Workshop recruit Elizabeth Parker took over, staying in this role for the remainder of the show's run.

Trivia

• When Terry Nation originally scripted the show, he intended Blake to have seven companions, hence the name Blake's 7. Due to budget constraints, however, Blake's crew never included more than six human actors at one time (including Blake, who was now counted as one of the seven). The show subtly addressed this discrepancy by counting one or more computers as members of the crew. Thus, the original seven were:

:Humans: Roj Blake, Kerr Avon, Jenna Stannis, Vila Restal, Olag Gan, Cally (6)

:Computers: Zen (1)

By the end of the series, the lineup had become

:Humans: Kerr Avon, Vila Restal, Del Tarrant, Dayna Mellanby, Soolin (5)

:Computers: Orac, Slave(2)

Using this system, the total does actually add up to seven with fair consistency throughout the series. Kerr Avon and Vila Restal were the only members of the seven to remain throughout the entire run of the series. However, this means that at the end of Season A and part of the way through Season B, there were in fact eight members, as both Gan and Orac were on board at the same time.

• The preceding list demonstrates the characteristic attrition of main characters (including Blake himself!) over the course of the series:

* Gan killed early in Season B (replaced in the count by Orac; thereafter never more than five humans at one time)

* Blake and Jenna lost at the end of Season B (replaced in the count by Dayna and Tarrant)

* Zen destroyed and Cally killed at the end of Season C/start of Season D (replaced in the count by Slave and Soolin, respectively).

Travis, one of the main villains of the first two seasons, is killed at the end of Season B. He is never replaced by a recurrent character, as Servalan, the other main villain, henceforth has a tendency to quickly lose her sidekicks either by accident or by design.

• The on-screen logo gave the series title as Blakes 7 without the apostrophe; fans often abbreviate the title as "B7".

• Mat Irvine, who produced the series' special effects (along with work on Doctor Who), later revealed that the Liberator ended up facing the wrong way. As originally designed, the spherical end would face in the direction of travel. The mixup was blamed on a member of the BBC props department.

• The fourth season wasn't originally supposed to be made, but the ratings success of the third season caused a fourth to be made. In fact the first that any of the cast and crew heard about a fourth season was a continuity announcement after the first showing of Terminal in 1981, the then obligatory "Blakes 7 will return for a brand new series next year." This was apparantly on the insistance of BBC Head of Light Entertainment, Bill Cotton Jr., simply because he liked the series! This change of heart occurred so late that producer David Maloney had been re-assigned to the BBC's production of The Day of the Triffids. With a new producer needed, the BBC offered the job to Terence Dudley, who refused as he wanted to retire from producing and directing. Instead, the job was given to Vere Lorrimer, a frequent director on the series. Script editor Chris Boucher was being considered to replace Christopher H. Bidmead as script editor of Doctor Who, but opted to stay on for the fourth season of Blake's 7.

• Michael Keating (Vila Restal) is the only actor to appear in all 52 episodes of the series. In second place is Paul Darrow (Kerr Avon) who appeared in every episode except the first. In third place is Peter Tuddenham who variously voiced Zen, Orac, Slave and various other computers in forty-nine episodes, missing out the first two and also the second season episode Countdown,

• Paul Darrow (Kerr Avon), Michael Keating (Vila Restal) and Jacqueline Pearce (Supreme Commander Servalan) are the only cast members to have stayed with the series throughout its entire run. Peter Tuddenham (Zen/Orac/Slave) also provided the voices for all of the Seven's computer members throughout the show's run. Although of these, only Keating appeared in the first episode.

• Gareth Thomas (Roj Blake), Michael Keating (Vila Restal) and Mike Mungarven (Prisoner/Duty officer) are the only actors to appear in both the first and last episodes of the series.

• Stephen Greif (Travis) appeared in the BBC comedy Citizen Smith as East End publican and villain Harry Fenning.

• Many of the cast have appeared in Doctor Who (see also Celebrity appearances in Doctor Who):
• *Brian Croucher in The Robots of Death
• *Paul Darrow in Doctor Who and the Silurians, Timelash and the audio drama The Next Life
• *Stephen Greif in the audio drama Primeval
• *Michael Keating in The Sun Makers and the audio drama The Twilight Kingdom
• *Sally Knyvette in the audio drama Spare Parts
• *Jacqueline Pearce in The Two Doctors and the audio drama The Fearmonger
• *Gareth Thomas in the audio drama Storm Warning
• *Peter Tuddenham in The Ark in Space, The Masque of Mandragora and Time and the Rani
• *David Jackson in the audio series Sarah Jane Smith and Jan Chappell in the independent spin-off video Shakedown have also appeared in the Doctor Who universe but without the Doctor.
• *Angela Bruce (Dayna in the 1990's audio dramas) in Battlefield.
• Reversing that trend, John Leeson, the voice of Doctor Who's K-9, appeared in the Blake's 7 episodes Mission to Destiny and Gambit. Richard Franklin, Captain Mike Yates in Doctor Who, appeared in the Blake's 7 episode Aftermath. Future Sixth Doctor Colin Baker appeared in City at the Edge of the World and Richard Hurndall (later to replace William Hartnell as the First Doctor in the 20th Anniversary story The Five Doctors), also appeared on Blake's 7 in Assassin.
• The Doctor Who and Blake's 7 universes are tied together in the Kaldor City audios, where Carnell, the psychostrategist from Weapon, appears with characters and situations created by Chris Boucher for his Doctor Who story The Robots of Death.

• Orac is also the name of a poker-playing computer, developed by "The Mad Genius" Mike Caro in the mid 1980s.

End-of-season cliffhangers

• Season A: Orac shows the crew a projection of the future in which the Liberator is apparently destroyed.
• Season B: As an intergalactic war begins between our galaxy and the invading Andromedans, Liberator must engage an overwhelmingly large fleet of alien starships and hold them until Federation warships arrive to help.
• Season C: Liberator is destroyed, apparently killing Servalan and stranding its crew on the planet Terminal. (Originally intended as an end-of-series cliffhanger.)
• Season D: Scorpio crashes. Avon kills Blake; Federation troops apparently kill entire Scorpio crew except for Avon, who seems about to suffer the same fate. (Of the crew, those whose actors stayed in the series would have survived in the cancelled Season E.) Orac is unaccounted for. (End of series — so far.) This frustration led to much fan fiction and the sequel novel Afterlife by Tony Attwood (ISBN 0426199243). Published in 1984 by Target, it explains events that follow the last episode. Later, a prequel novel explaining the orgins of Avon was also published. This novel, Avon: Terrible Aspect (ISBN 0821625039), was written by Paul Darrow the actor who played Avon. It was published by Carol Paperbacks in 1991.

Revival?

In 2003 there was a revival movement (led by Andrew Mark Sewell and Simon Moorhead of B7 Enterprises) to create a new miniseries of the show entitled Blake's 7: Legacy. Series star Paul Darrow (who played Avon) was involved for a time but has since left the project. On 31 October 2005 a press release from B7 Enterprises announced the appointment of Drew Kaza as Non-Executive Chairman of the company. The same press release also listed the projects the company has in development: Blake's 7: Legacy, a two part, three hour mini-series to be written by Ben Aaronovitch and D. Dominic Devine; Blake's 7: The Animated Adventures, a 26-part children's animated adventure series to be written by Ben Aaronovitch, Andrew Cartmel, Marc Platt and James Swallow; as well as two further children's series unrelated to Blake's 7. Blake's 7 Enterprises have since renamed themselves B7 Productions/B7 Media.

Video and DVD releases

The entire series has been released by the BBC on VHS video (initially as a set of four heavily abridged compilation tapes, then subsequently all 52 episodes, with 2 episodes per tape). Between 2003 and 2006, BBC Worldwide released the entire series on DVD (Region 2, U.K.), in the form of season boxsets.

See also

• List of Blake's 7 episodes

External links

• [The Anorak's Guide to Blake's 7]
• [Complete transcripts of every episode]
• [Simon and Louise's Blake's 7 fan site]
• [The Blakes Sevencyclopaedia]
• [The Hermit Library of B7 Fiction]
• [Blake's 7 at Hermit]
• [Theme Tune (links to TV.Cream.org)]
• [British Film Institute Screen Online]
• [Website of current rights holders B7 Productions]
• [An interesting tool for locating Blake's Seven web sites]

 

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