Breve
Encyclopedia : B : BR : BRE : Breve
- For other uses, see Breve (disambiguation)}}}.
| Diacritical marks |
|---|
accent
caron / háček ( ˇ ) cedilla ( ¸ ) circumflex ( ˆ ) diaeresis / umlaut ( ¨ ) dot ( · )
macron ( ˉ ) ogonek ( ˛ ) ring / kroužek ( ˚ ) rough breathing / spiritus asper ( ʽ ) smooth breathing / spiritus lenis ( ʼ ) |
| Marks sometimes used as diacritics |
|
apostrophe ( ’ ) bar ( colon ( : ) comma ( , ) hyphen ( ˗ ) tilde ( ˜ ) titlo ( ҃ ) |
A breve (Latin Brevis "short, brief") is a diacritical mark ˘, shaped like a little round cup, designed to indicate a short vowel, as opposed to the macron ¯ which indicates long vowels. It is used this way in dictionaries and textbooks of Latin and some other languages, such as Tuareg. It looks similar to caron or háček, but the caron has a sharp tip, whilst the breve is rounded. Compare Ǎ ǎ Ě ě Ǐ ǐ Ǒ ǒ Ǔ ǔ (caron) with Ă ă Ĕ ĕ Ĭ ĭ Ŏ ŏ Ŭ ŭ (breve).
In the Cyrillic alphabet, a breve is used for Й (short I). In Belarusian, it is used for both the Cyrillic Ў (U short) and Latin (Łacinka) Ŭ. Ў was also used in Cyrillic Uzbek under the Soviet Union. In the Chuvash a breve is used for Cyrillic letters Ӑ (A-breve) and Ӗ (Ye-breve).
In other languages, it is used for other purposes. In Romanian it is used above the A to represent the schwa (ə) vowel, as in măr (apple). In Esperanto it can be used above the U to form a non-syllabic U, similar to English W in sound. G-breve appears in the Azerbaijani, Tatar, and Turkish alphabets.
Breve, together with circumflex and horn, are used in the Vietnamese language to represent additional vowels.
Note that pinyin uses the caron to indicate the third tone of Mandarin Chinese, not the breve. McCune-Reischauer uses breves, not carons, over o and u to indicate hangul ㅓ and ㅡ.
Encoding breves
Unicode and HTML numeric entities for breve letters
| Name | Letter | Unicode | HTML Entity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latin | ||||
| A-breve | Ă ă | U+0102 U+0103 | Ă ă | |
| E-breve | Ĕ ĕ | U+0114 U+0115 | Ĕ ĕ | |
| I-breve | Ĭ ĭ | U+012C U+012D | Ĭ ĭ | |
| Ŏ-breve | Ŏ ŏ | U+014E U+014F | Ŏ ŏ | |
| U-breve | Ŭ ŭ | U+016C U+016D | Ŭ ŭ | |
| Azerbaijani, Tatar, Turkish | ||||
| G-breve | Ğ ğ | U+011E U+011F | Ğ ğ | |
| Vietnamese | ||||
| A-Sắc-breve | Ắ ắ | U+1EAE U+1EAF | Ắ ắ | |
| A-Huyền-breve | Ằ ằ | U+1EB0 U+1EB1 | Ằ ằ | |
| A-Hỏi-breve | Ẳ ẳ | U+1EB2 U+1EB3 | Ẳ ẳ | |
| A-Ngã-breve | Ẵ ẵ | U+1EB4 U+1EB5 | Ẵ ẵ | |
| A-Nặng-breve | Ặ ặ | U+1EB6 U+1EB7 | Ặ ặ | |
| Cyrillic | ||||
| Short I | Й й | U+0419 U+0439 | Й й | |
| U short | Ў ў | U+040E U+045E | Ў ў | |
| A-breve | Ӑ ӑ | U+04D0 U+04D1 | Ӑ ӑ | |
| Ye-breve | Ӗ ӗ | U+04D6 U+04D7 | Ӗ ӗ | |
External links
From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Original article here. Support Wikipedia by contributing or donating.
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License See Wikipedia Copyrights for details.