Broghol
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Broghol, also spelled Boroghil and several other ways, is a high mountain pass that crosses the Pamir and connects the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan with Chitral in Pakistan. According to the National Geographic Genographic Project, Broghol Pass appears to be the route used by the ancestors of all modern Western Europeans to reach Europe. Broghol is a relatively low pass, only 3,798 metres or 12,460 feet high. It was closed for about three months each winter because of snow, but for much of the rest of the year it was passable even for cart traffic. It is located at .
The area of Broghol is inhabited by Wakhi Tajiks and by Kyrgyz.
The Broghol Pass is one of the four major mountain passes enter Chitral. The others are the Dorah Pass from Badakshan in Afghanistan, Shandur Top from Gilgit, and Lowari Top from Dir in Pakistan.
Military trivia
As a low pass, Broghol has been often proposed but seldom used as an invasion route. During the 19th Century, the British greatly feared that the Russians would use Broghol to invade the heartland of British India. However, the Russians never did that, probably because after crossing Broghol they would have had to walk more than 200 miles down to Jalalabad or else would have had to cross another equally high pass to reach Ishkoman.Trivia
It is possible that Marco Polo crossed the Broghol Pass to reach China.The 1985 comedy movie Spies Like Us starring Dan Aykroyd depicts Dan Aykroyd crossing the Broghol Pass on a mountain yak.
By going to https://www5.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html and clicking on "Genetic Markers" and then on M45 one can see that it shows modern Europeans crossing Broghol, then turning West to become M173 and then M343, which constitutes 70% of the entire population of England.
Books
- "The Gilgit Game" by John Keay (1985) ISBN 0195774663
- The Kafirs of the Hindukush (1896) Sir George Scott Robertson.
- Khowar English Dictionary (by Mohammad Ismail Sloan, 1981) (published in Pakistan)
External links
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