Cadmium telluride
Encyclopedia : C : CA : CAD : Cadmium telluride
| Cadmium telluride | |
|---|---|
|
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| Systematic name | Cadmium telluride |
| Other names | xxx, xxx |
| Molecular formula | XxXxXx |
| Molar mass | xx.xx g/mol |
| Density | x.xxx g/cm3 |
| Solubility (water) | x.xx g/l |
| Melting point | xx.x °C |
| Boiling point | xx.x °C |
| CAS number | [xx-xx-xx] |
| [Chemical infoboxDisclaimer and references] | |
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is a crystalline compound formed from cadmium and tellurium with a zinc blende (cubic) crystal structure (space group F43m). In the bulk crystalline form it is a direct bandgap semiconductor. The CAS registry number is [1306-25-8][link].
Applications
CdTe is a useful material for solar cells (photovoltaics). It is cheaper than silicon, especially in thin-film solar cell technology, but not as efficient. CdTe can be alloyed with mercury to make a versatile infrared detector material (HgCdTe). CdTe alloyed with a small amount of zinc makes an excellent solid-state x-ray and gamma ray detector (CdZnTe).CdTe is used as an infrared optical material for optical windows and lenses. In this application it is sometimes referred to by the trademarked name Irtran-6.
Physical properties
- Molecular weight: 240.02
- Density: 5850 kg/m3.
- Lattice constant: 0.648 nm at 300K
- Young's modulus: 52 GPa
- Poisson ratio: 0.41
Electronic properties
- The direct band gap is 1.56 eV at 300 K.
- Electron effective mass 0.11 me
- Hole effective mass 0.4 me
Thermal Properties
- Melting Point: 1314 K
- Thermal conductivity: 6.2 W.m-1.K-1 at 293 K
- Specific heat capacity: 210 J.kg-1.K-1 at 293 K
- Thermal expansion coefficient: 5.9x10-6 K-1 at 293 K
Optical Properties
CdTe is transparent from close to its band gap energy out to infrared wavelengths greater than 20 µm. The refractive index is 2.649 at 10µm.Chemical properties
CdTe has very low solubility in water. It is etched by many acids including hydrochloric, and hydrobromic acid, forming (toxic) hydrogen telluride gas.
Cadmium telluride is commercially available as a powder, or as crystals. It can be made into nanocrystals.
Toxicity
Cadmium telluride is toxic. It should not be ingested, nor its dust inhaled, and it should not be handled without appropriate gloves. Please refer to materials safety data sheets for details.See also
Related materials
References
- Properties of Narrow-Gap Cadmium-Based Compounds Ed. P. Capper (INSPEC, IEE, London, UK, 1994) ISBN 0852968809
- [D W Palmer, www.semiconductors.co.uk, 2002.06.]
- [II-VI Infrared]
- [Optical properties] University of Reading
- [Material Safety data Sheet] on isp optics web site (MS Word doc)
- [Material Safety data Sheet] on the web-site of an institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (html)
External links
- [National Pollutant Inventory - Cadmium and compounds]
- [National Renewable Energy Laboratory - Cadmium use in Photovoltaics]
- [MSDS at ISP optics.com] (doc)
- [MDSD at espimetals.com] (pdf)
- For a full list of external links to MSDSs, spectroscopic data, commercial chemicals suppliers etc. for this compound, see [Chemical sources].
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