Cairo Conference

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Chiang, Roosevelt, and Churchill in Cairo, 11/25/1943

The Cairo Conference (codenamed "SEXTANT") of November 22-26, 1943, held in Cairo, Egypt, addressed the Allied position against Japan during World War II and made decisions about postwar Asia. The meeting was attended by President Franklin Roosevelt of the United States, Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom, and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of the Republic of China.

The Cairo Declaration was signed on 27 November 1943 ,and released in an Cairo Communiqué through radio on 1 December 1943 , stating the Allies' intentions to continue deploying brutal military force until Japan's unconditional surrender. The three main clauses of the Cairo Declaration are that "Japan be stripped of all the islands in the Pacific which she has seized or occupied since the beginning of the First World War in 1914", "all the territories Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria, Formosa, and the Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of China", and that "in due course Korea shall become free and independent".

The legitimacy of Cairo Declaration has been challenged by the movement of Taiwan independence in recent years. Some pro-Taiwan independency Taiwanese claim that it is merely a trivial press release. On another hand, The PRC insists the Cairo Declaration is a legitimate historical document, given the fact that it has been cited by the clause eight of Potsdam Declaration and referred by the Japanese Instrument of Surrender.

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