Caraş-Severin County
Encyclopedia : C : CA : CAR : Caraş-Severin County
| Caraş-Severin County | |||||
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| Facts | |||||
| Development region: | Sud-Vest
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| Capital city:
| Reşiţa
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| Population: • As of 2002: • Population density: | 333,219 39/km² |- | Area: | 8,514 km² |- | Codes: • Car numbers • | CS RO-CS
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| Telephone code:
| (+40) x55 (1)
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| Web: | [County Council] [Prefecture] |- bgcolor="#BBDEFD" ! colspan="2" align="left" | 1. For the former state operator x is 2. For the alternate telephony operators, x is 3 |} Caraş-Severin (IPA: ['ka.raʃ se.ve.'rin]) is a county (judet) of Romania, in historical region Banat, with the capital city at Reşiţa.
Contents
Neighbours
DemographicsThe county has a population of 333,219 people. The county is also part of the Danube-Kris-Mures-Tisa euroregion. In 2002, it had a population of 333,219 and the population density was 39/km². The majority of the population are Romanians. There are also Hungarians, Germans, Serbs, Krashovans, Bulgarians and Rromas. GeographyIt is the third-largest Romanian county, at 8,514 km², after Suceava and Timiş. The Danube River enters Romania in Caraş-Severin.The mountains make up to 67% of the county's surface. They are part of the Southern Carpathians and there are three groups: the Banat Mountains, the Ţarcu-Godeanu Mountains and the Cernei Mountains, with heights between 600 and 2100 m. The western side of the county consists of the transition hills between the mountains and the Banat Plain. The Danube enters Romania close to Baziaş and forms de border with Serbia. Also the rivers Timiş, Cerna, Caraş and Nera cross the county, some of them through spectacular valleys and gorges. EconomyIn 1718 it was included by the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria in the province also named Banat. The area received considerable attention for the vast and rich mines that pocked the countryside, turning this undeveloped area into a major mining center. In 1855, the entire Banat area, and therefore the supply of mineral deposits and timber, were transferred from the Austrian Treasury to an Austrian and French mining and railroad company named STEG. STEG introduced the Oraviţa-Baziaş line to the area, the first railroad in Romania.After World War I, STEG, Banat and most other Austro-Hungarian properties were disbanded and the area was taken over by a company named UDR. When the Soviets arrived in 1949, it brought enormous upheaval to the area, leading the newly communist state to declare the nationalization of the industries and specifically the Sovietization of UDR. Currently, the industries are slowly coming to terms with the independence granted them in 1989 with the resignation of Nicolae Ceauşescu. TourismRecent archaeological discoveries show that the area has been populated since at least the Paleolithic era. The county capital Reşiţa was founded in 1771 and became a modern industrial center during the Austrian occupation. The county is populated with many museums including The County Museum of History, host to important archaeological exhibits of mining and metallurgy, and the Constantin Gruiescu Mineralogical Collection in the town of Ocna de Fier. The county is also the host to regional daffodil and lilac festivals in the Spring. Other sites worth visiting are:
Administration
Administrative divisionsThe county has 2 municipalities, 6 towns and 69 communes. MunicipalitiesTownsCommunes
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