Casualties of the Turkish-Kurdish conflict
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In the Turkish-Kurdish conflict more than 5000 civilians has been killed by PKK militants since 1984 http://www.fas.org/irp/world/para/docs/mfa-t-pkk.htm, while the PKK, citing the article by the former French Ambassador to Turkey Eric Rouleau in the November/December 2000 edition of 'Foreign Affairs', reports that more than 18,500 civilians have been killed by Turkish military and paramilitary organisations http://www.kongra-gel.com/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=270&Itemid=. In his article, Eric Rouleau had claimed holding the number from the Turkish Ministry of Justice http://wwwc.house.gov/international_relations/107/73068.pdf.
Human Rights Watch has stated that:
- "Consequently, all economic, political, military, social and cultural organizations, institutions, formations -- and those who serve in them -- have become targets. The entire country has become a battlefield."
- "The PKK also promised to "liquidate" or "eliminate" political parties, "imperialist" cultural and educational institutions, legislative and representative bodies, and "all local collaborators and agents working for the Republic of Turkey in Kurdistan."http://www.hrw.org/press98/nov/italy-ltr.htm
During that conflict (and still), the Turkish army tortured, killed and “disappeared” civilians, and burned hundreds of thousands of peasants out of their homes and blamed to PKK or other organizations. http://www.socialistworld.net/eng/2002/11/17kurdistan.html
Contents
Massacres
1992
- 22 June 1992: In the Seki village of Batman Province, PKK militants killed ten civilians, including seven children and a seventy-year old woman.http://www.hrw.org/
- 29 June 1992: Near the Yolbastı village of Bitlis Province, PKK militants stopped a minibus and executed 10 individuals.
- 11 October 1992: In the Uludere district of Şırnak Province, PKK militants killed eleven individuals in a rocket attack against the homes of village guards. Among those killed were six children and a ninety year old woman.
- 20 October 1992: Near the Hazarşah village of Bingöl Province, PKK militants stopped a minibus and machine gunned its occupants, killing nineteen and wounding six.
1993
- 24 May 1993: PKK militants stopped a bus carrying unarmed army recruits and machine gunned them all, murdering thirty-six individuals.
- 16 June 1993: In the Yaylacik village of Mardin Province, PKK militants killed six individuals, including four children.
- 5 July 1993: In a raid against the Başbağlar village of Erzincan Province, PKK militants executed thirty persons and burned fifty-seven houses.
- 4 August 1993: In the Mutki district of Bitlis Province, PKK militants stopped six minibuses and executed nineteen individuals and wounded an additional thirteen.
- 4 August 1993: In a raid against the Konakbaşı settlement of Bingol Province, PKK militants killed eleven individuals, including eight children between the ages of two and twelve and a seventy-year old man.
- 17 September 1993: In a raid against the teachers' club in the Eğin district of Diyarbakır Province, PKK militants executed six civil servants.
- 12 October 1993: PKK militants murdered twenty-two individuals, fourteen of whom were children and eight women, in a raid on the Derince village of Siirt Province.
- 25 October 1993: PKK militants murdered thirty-eight individuals, including three children, in the Yavi township of Çat district in Erzurum Province.
- 12 December 1993: In a raid against the Ağaçkonak village of Adıyaman Province, PKK militants killed 13 people, including four women and four children.
1994
- 1 January 1994: PKK militants stopped a minibus on Diyarbakır-Elazığ intercity road and murdered eight individuals.
- 22 January 1994: In a raid against Akyürek and Ormancık villages of Mardin Province, PKK militants killed twenty individuals, including six children and nine women.
- 15 May 1994: PKK forces raided the Edebük village of Erzincan Province and murdered nine individuals, including a three-year-old child.
- 19 June 1994: In an attack against the family of a former PKK member, PKK militants killed the former member's mother as well as his five brothers and sisters, ranging in age from four to thirteen.
- 20 July 1994: PKK militants murdered eleven individuals after stopping vehicles on Erzurum-Bingöl intercity road.
- 10 August 1994: PKK members opened fire on a passing bus on the Van-Bahçesaray road, killing eleven, including three children, and wounding eight.
1995
- 1 January 1995: In a raid against the Hamzalı village of Diyarbakir Province, PKK militants killed nineteen individuals, including seven children and eight women.
- 12 January 1995: In a raid against the Narlıca village of Diyarbakir Province, PKK militants killed eight individuals, including two children and one woman.
- 5 April 1995: In a raid in a cattle pasture in Hatay Province, PKK militants murdered seven individuals.
- 23 July 1995: In a raid against the Akdoğu village of Van Province, PKK militants killed twelve individuals, including two children and six women.
- 4 August 1995: In a raid against the Gazeluşağı village of Hatay Province, PKK militants killed eight individuals, including four children. Another four individuals, including two children, were wounded.
- 5 September 1995: In an attack against a mine in Hatay Province, PKK forces murdered eight workers.
- 23 September 1995: PKK militants massacred five people when they stopped two cars on Sivas-Erzincan intercity road and murdered the occupants. http://www.hri.org/cgi-bin/brief?/news/turkey/trkpr/1995/95-09-25.trkpr.html#05
1997
- 22 October, 1997: A group of PKK militants carried out an attack against civilian settlements in the Mezouri Jhori region of North Iraq , close to Turkish borders. The properties were set ablaze with its occupants. Totaly fourteen kurdish civilians were killed in Korka, Chema, Dizo and Selki villages.http://www.kdp-ankara.org.tr/press/1997.html
- 13 December, 1997: in an attack against a group of Assyrian travelers in northern Iraq six Assyrians from Mangesh were killed by suspected PKK rebels. According to Political Bureau of the Assyrian Democratic Movement (Zowaa) in Arbil, Northern Iraq on 13 December, a group of the Kurdistan Workers Party members ambushed a group of Assyrians traveling from Mangesh to Dohuk. The attackers killed six Assyrian men and wounded a woman. http://www.zindamagazine.com/html/archives/1997/zn122297.html#Good%20Morning
2004
- November 21, 2004: Turkish security forces shot dead Ahmet Kaymaz, a villager displaced from Köprülü village in Mardin Province, and his twelve-year-old son Uğur Kaymaz in the nearby town of Kızıltepe.Gökçer Tahincioğlu, “Kızıltepe'de mızrak çuvala sığmıyor!” (The speak will not fit in the sack), Milliyet (Nationhood), January 1, 2005. Neighbors told the Human Rights Association of Turkey (HRA) that Kaymaz and his son had been preparing their commercial vehicle for a forthcoming journey and were unarmed at the time. Afterwards, the provincial governor stated that “two terrorists have been captured dead following a clash.”Hüseyin Kacar and Halit Solhan, “İnfaza 3 ayrı soruşturma” (Three investigations of killing), Sabah (Morning), November 28, 2004, and “Erdoğan: Olamaz!” (Erdoğan: It is wrong!), Milliyet, (Nationhood) December 2, 2004.
2005
- 16 July, 2005: After two consecutive explosions by stray bombs, the first on 1 May in Kuşadası, which left a policeman dead, and the second in Çeşme on 10 July, which wounded 22 people, on 16 July five people were killed, including the 23-year old British woman Helen Bennett and the 17-year old Irish schoolgirl Tara Whelan by a bomb left by a man in a minibus in Kuşadası. [link] Dolores McNamara, the record-breaking winner of EuroMillions, was only a few yards away from the minibus and escaped with minor wounds. The bomber has been arrested in İstanbul on 8 April 2006 and is currently being tried in İzmir. He reported that he had he had mixed with militant circles after having started to live in Germany as an asylum-seeker and had been trained in camps based in Germany and the Netherlands. [link]
- September 4, 2005: Clashes erupted after demonstrators waving PKK banners and posters of the jailed PKK boss, Abdullah Öcalan, shouted slogans as they drove through the town of Bozüyük. Turkish nationalists stopped their convoy, smashed bus windows with stones, set their tyres ablaze and traded blows with the Kurds.
- September 6, 2005: Further violence between police and demonstrators left at least one Kurd dead in the south-eastern province of Siirt. A Kurdish worker was killed the same day in a scuffle with a nationalist mob in Düzce. [The Economist - "Coexistence between Turks and Kurds is suddenly fraying" - Ankara, 8 September 2005]
- November 15, 2005: Three Kurdish civilians were killed in a clash with the Turkish security forces in the city of Yüksekova. http://hrw.org/english/docs/2005/11/18/turkey12064_txt.htm
2006
- April 2 2006: Three civilian women died because of a bus that went out of control, which was burned and rampaged by PKK sympathisers during an illegal street meeting, in Esenler, İstanbul. http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2006/04/03/guncel/axgun01.html
- June 6 2006: Two Turkish soldiers were killed by PKK in Hakkari. Two others were injured. http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=4535583&tarih=2006-06-06
- June 8 2006: A Turkish civilian truck driver was killed in Musul, Northern Iraq. http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=4549483&tarih=2006-06-08
- June 11 2006: In Tunceli, PKK attacked a Turkish military convoy using long-range rifles and RPGs. Two Turkish soldiers died in the attack. Five soldiers and two civilians were also injured. http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=4563033&tarih=2006-06-11
- June 28 2006: One Turkish soldier died in clashes with PKK in Hakkari. The PKK members then escaped to Iraq after the clash. http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=4662593&tarih=2006-06-28
- June 30 2006: In Bingöl, one officer and one soldier from Turkish Gendarmerie died when a PKK-planted road mine was detonated by remote control. Six other Turkish soldiers were injured. http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=4677436&tarih=2006-06-30
- June 30 2006: In Tunceli, one Turkish soldier was killed by PKK members using long-range Kanas rifle. http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=4677758&tarih=2006-06-30
- July 06 2006: In Diyarbakir, one civilian driver was killed and three soldiers were wounded when PKK members detonated a bomb implanted in a car carrying bread to a military precinct. http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=4709303&tarih=2006-07-06
- July 13 2006: In Bitlis, five Turkish solders were killed and four others wounded by PKK members using a remote detonated road mine. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/4750742.asp?m=1&gid=69&srid=3044&oid=4
- July 15 2006: In Siirt, seven Turkish soldiers and one village guard were killed by PKK members. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/4762481.asp
Bombings
- 25 January1992: Bombs planted in Galeria and The Grand Bazaar by PKK militants killed one civilian and injured 18.http://www.geocities.com/almanakturkiye/1992.htm
- 9 March 2006: A suicide bomber, reportedly a Syrian national, mistook a municipality van for a police car and blew himself after having jumped into the vehicle, killing one municipality staff member and a passer-by in Van. [link] [link]
- 16 April 2006: A bomb planted in Bakırköy district of İstanbul by PKK militants injured 31 civilians.http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4914786.stm
- 3 May 2006: 11 children, 12 adult civilians and 5 soldiers were injured as a result of a PKK attack on a schoolbus carrying siblings of the military personel by using a remote controlled bomb in Hakkari. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/4358026.asp?gid=48 http://www.turkishweekly.net/news.php?id=31225
Teachers
PKK has targeted primary school teachers working in the village schools. PKK's efforts against these teachers started in the early nineties and continued on a recurrent basis. After armed PKK members abducted and killed 19 teachers in the autumn of 1994, Amnesty International's 1995 report on Turkey mentioned that "It appears that the Kurdish Workers' Party, PKK, is resuming its repugnant policy of murdering teachers in southeast Turkey" [link]. The number of teachers killed by PKK is at variance but according to Turkish government sources 124 teachers were killed by members of the PKK. http://www.amnesty.org/ailib/intcam/turkey/turk3.htm
| Year | Total | Mardin | Batman | Erzurum | Tunceli | Diyarbakir | Bitlis | Bingol | Sanliurfa | Siirt | Mus | Van | Elaziğ | Şırnak | Ağrı | Tokat |
| 1988 | 19 | 4 | 3 | 12 | ||||||||||||
| 1989 | 4 | |||||||||||||||
| 1990 | 10 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
| 1991 | 4 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||
| 1992 | 24 | |||||||||||||||
| 1993 | 51 | 1 | 12 | 24 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 1994 | 31 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 1995 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| 1996 | 8 | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 158 | Breakdown table of teachers killed with respected to provinces. | ||||||||||||||
Children
- March 29, 2006: According to the EU-Turkey Civic Commission Submission on Recent Violence, Abdullah Duran, a 9 year old boy, was shot dead by security forces in Diyarbakir.[EU-Turkey Civic Commission Submission on Recent Violence] on khrp.org
- March 30, 2006: According to the EU-Turkey Civic Commission Submission on Recent Violence, Enez Atak, a 6 year old boy, was injured by a plastic bullet and later died in hospital, Diyarbakir.
- March 30, 2006: According to the EU-Turkey Civic Commission Submission on Recent Violence, Fatih Tekin, a 3 year old boy, was shot and killed by Turkish Security forces during a police raid on a civilian house in Batman during a series of violent clashes in the Kurdish regions of Turkey.
Notes
References
- [Turkish Ministery of Education]
- [Turkish Ministery of Education]
- [link]
- [Turkish Ministery of Education]
- [Amnesty International]
- [Federation of American Scientists]
- Turkey Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 1996,U.S. Department of State,
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