Chayote
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The chayote (Sechium edule) is an edible plant, which belongs to the gourd family Cucurbitaceae along with melons, cucumbers and squash.
The plant has large leaves that form a canopy over the fruit. The vine is grown on the ground or more commonly on trellises.
Origin and distribution
It was domesticated in Mexico and used by the Aztecs and the Mayans, but can now be found cultivated across the world, primarily for its fruit, but also, in some regions, for its root.
Description
In the most common variety, the fruit is roughly pear shaped, somewhat flattened and with coarse wrinkles, ranging from 10 to 20 cm in length. It has a thin green skin fused with the white flesh, and a single large flattened pip. The flesh has a fairly bland taste, and a texture described as a cross between a potato and a cucumber. Although generally discarded, the seed has a nutty flavour.
Culinary and medicinal uses
Although most people are familiar only with the fruit, which in culinary terms is a vegetable, the root, stem, seeds, and leaves are all edible.
The fruit does not need to be peeled and can be eaten raw in salads. It can also be boiled, stuffed, mashed, baked, fried, or pickled. Both the fruit and the seed are rich in amino acids and vitamin C.
The tuberous part of the root is starchy and is both eaten by humans and used as cattle fodder.
The leaves and fruit have diuretic, cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory properties, and a tea made from the leaves has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerosis and hypertension, and to dissolve kidney stones.
Alternate names
Chayote (pronounced [tʃa'jɔte], roughly "chy-O-tay"), is the Spanish name of the plant, from Nahuatl hitzayotli. It is used in many parts of Spanish-speaking Latin America and in the US. It is known all over the world by many other names:
- Australia: choko
- Brazil: chuchu
- Caribbean: christoferine, christophene
- China (Cantonese): fut sao gwa, hup jeung gwa (lit. "closed palms squash")
- China (Mandarin): 佛手瓜 (lit. "Buddha hand squash")
- English-speaking countries: chouchou
- English-speaking countries: chocho, cho-cho
- English-speaking countries: mango squash
- English-speaking countries: vegetable pear
- French Antilles: christophene, christophine
- Guatemala: guiscil, güisquil, guiskil
- India (Kannada): Seemae BaDhneKayi
- India (Tamil): vilati vanga
- Indonesia: labu siam (lit. Siamese pumpkin)
- Italy: zucca
- Latin America: tayote or tayota [ta'jɔta]
- Latin America: chocho
- Latin America: gayota
- Louisiana (Cajun): mirliton
- Mauritius: chouchou
- Norway: chavote
- Philippines: sayote
- Portugal: pipinella
- Réunion Island: chouchou
- Russian: cajot
- Thailand: fuk maew ฟักแม้ว
- Vietnamese: su-su, trai su
See also
External links
- [images found via google]
- [Gourmet Sleuth]
- [neglected crops - Chayote]
- [link] Plant of the Week Gallery Killerplants.com
References
- Rafael Lira Saade. 1996. Chayote Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. 8. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy. ISBN 92-9043-298-5 [available in pdf format]
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