Cincinnati, Ohio
Encyclopedia : C : CI : CIN : Cincinnati, Ohio
- "Cincinnati" redirects here. The article refers to the city in Ohio. For information on the city in Iowa, see Cincinnati, Iowa.
As of the 2000 census, Cincinnati population was 331,285, making it the third largest city in Ohio and the 55th largest in the United States. It has a much larger metropolitan area, commonly called "Greater Cincinnati", which covers parts of Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana. The Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington Combined Statistical Area has a population of 2,050,175 people and is the 18th largest in the country. It is home to major-league sports, including the Reds, the first professional baseball team, as well as the Bengals, and the historic international tennis tournament The Cincinnati Masters & Women's Open, as well as major corporations such as Procter & Gamble, Kroger, GE-Aviation, Federated Department Stores (owner of Macy's, Bloomingdale's, Lord & Taylor), Convergys, Chiquita Brands International, Great American Insurance Company, The E. W. Scripps Company, the U.S. Playing Card Company and Fifth Third Bank. It is notably considered the first major American "boomtown", rapidly springing up in the heart of the country in the early 19th century to rival the coastal metropolises in size and wealth. However, by the end of the century its growth unexpectedly stopped and it was surpassed by many other inland cities in population. Cincinnati is also known for being architecturally distinct, having the largest collection of 19th century Italianate architecture in the country, primarily concentrated in the neighborhood of Over-the-Rhine, just north of downtown.
Geography and climate
Geography
Cincinnati is located at (39.136160, -84.503088).[Geographic references#1GR1]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 206.1 km² (79.6 mi²). 201.9 km² (78.0 mi²) of it is land and 4.1 km² (1.6 mi²) of it (2.01%) is water.
The Cincinnati-Middletown-Wilmington Combined Statistical Area has a population of 2,050,175 people and is the 18th largest in the country. It includes the Ohio counties of Hamilton, Butler, Warren, Clermont and Brown, as well as the Kentucky counties of Boone, Bracken, Campbell, Gallatin, Grant, Kenton, and Pendleton, and the Indiana counties of Dearborn, Franklin, and Ohio.
Climate
Cincinnati's weather is temperate and seasonal. Summers are hot and humid with cool evenings. The mean annual temperature is 54 °F (12 °C), with an average annual snowfall of 32 inches (81.3 cm) and an average annual rainfall of 41 inches (1,040 mm). The wettest seasons are the spring and summer, although rainfall is fairly constant all year round. During the winter, particularly in January and February, several days of snow can be expected, allowing for winter sports, although snowfall is lighter than in most of Ohio. Winter temperatures range from 27 to 43 °F (−3 to 6 °C) and summer temperatures range from 66 to 86 °F (19 to 30 °C).Climate information from [NOAA]. The highest recorded temperature was 103.0 °F (39.4 °C) on 1988-08-17, and the lowest recorded temperature was −25 °F (−32 °C) on 1978-01-18.Maximum and minimum temperatures from [Yahoo! Weather]Neighborhoods
Cincinnati's unique geography nestles its neighborhoods in small basins and the hillsides that overlook them. Because of this, many of the city's neighborhoods developed very strong identities. Today's outer neighborhoods such as Clifton, Hyde Park, Mt. Washington and Carthage were originally settled as their own villages, with individual downtown sections of their own. Over-the-Rhine was an important neighborhood in German-American history. Northside also has its own identity.
Also highly important to the city's landscape is the division into "East and West Sides." The division came about after the construction of I-75, which runs North from Kentucky towards Dayton. The rivalry has been intense at times (limited violence or reported discrimination), but is considered mostly light-hearted, although a good number of city residents take the division more seriously. Accents, fashion, attitudes, city planning (i.e., the way the houses are laid out), financial demographics, and other items are some of the stereotypes and behaviors that separate the two distinctions. One description of such differences that many locals refer to is that East Siders are "fake" and West Siders are not. Another description of differences is the statement that the East side "has the money and spends it," and the West Side, "has the money and doesn't spend it." Though this division is often pointed to as a point of contention in the city, it has only led to limited incidents of violence or litigious discrimination, and is considered more of a "charming quirk" than a divisive hindrance to society.
History
- Main article: History of Cincinnati, Ohio
In 1790, Arthur St. Clair, the governor of the Northwest Territory, changed the name of the settlement to "Cincinnati" in honor of the Society of the Cincinnati, of which he was president. The society honored General George Washington, who was considered a latter-day Cincinnatus—the Roman general who saved his city, then retired from power to his farm. To this day, Cincinnati in particular, and Ohio in general, are home to a disproportionately large number of descendants of Revolutionary War soldiers who were granted lands in the state.
In 1802, Cincinnati was chartered as a village, and in 1819, it was incorporated as a city. The introduction of steam navigation on the Ohio River in 1811 and the completion of the Miami and Erie Canal helped the city grow to 115,000 citizens by 1850. The nickname Porkopolis was coined around 1835, when Cincinnati was the country's chief hog packing center, and herds of pigs traveled the streets. Called the "Queen of the West" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (although this nickname was first used by a local newspaper in 1819), Cincinnati was an important stop on the Underground Railroad, which helped slaves escape from the South. Cincinnati is also known as the "City of Seven Hills." The seven hills are fully described in the June, 1853 edition of the West American Review, "Article III -- Cincinnati: Its Relations to the West and South." The hills form a crescent from the east bank of the Ohio River to the west bank: Mount Adams, Walnut Hills, Mount Auburn, Vine-street Hill, Fairmont, Mount Harrison and College Hill.
Cincinnati was the site of many historical beginnings. It was the first city in the United States to establish a Jewish Hospital in 1850. It is where America's [first municipal fire department] was established in 1853. Established in 1867, the Cincinnati Red Stockings (later, the Cincinnati Reds) became the world's first professional (all paid, no amateurs) baseball team in 1869. In 1935, major league baseball's first night game was played at Crosley Field. Cincinnati was the first to build and own a major railroad in 1880. In 1902, the world's first reinforced concrete skyscraper was built, the Ingalls Building. ["The Sons of Daniel Boone"], a forerunner to the Boy Scouts of America, began in Cincinnati in 1905. Because of the city's rich German heritage, the pre-prohibition era allowed Cincinnati to become a national forerunner in the [brewing industry.] During experimentation for 6 years (until 1939), Cincinnati's AM radio station, WLW was the first to broadcast at an astounding 500,000 watts. In 1943, King Records (and its subsidiary, Queen Records) was founded, and went on to record early music by artists who became highly successful and influential in Country, R&B, and Rock. WCET-TV was the first licensed public television station, established in 1954. [link] Cincinnati is home to WEBN, the longest running album oriented rock station in the United States, first airing in 1967. In 1976, the Cincinnati Stock Exchange became the nation's first all-electronic trading market.
As a pioneer-era city, it compared with Pittsburgh and Nashville. As a "Riverboat" and canal-era city, it compared with Louisville, St. Louis and New Orleans. As an immigrant, industrial city it compared with Brooklyn, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Chicago, and Detroit.
Because of its river setting and extensive park system, many commentators have remarked on Cincinnati's beauty, including Winston Churchill, who called it "the most beautiful of America's inland cities." The city's picturesque skyline was used as a backdrop for the fictional city of Monticello on the soap opera The Edge of Night, one of the many soap operas sponsored by Cincinnati soap maker Procter & Gamble. In fact, Procter & Gamble created the genre of the "soap opera" when it helped launch the Ma Perkins radio program in 1933.
In August 1966, Cincinnati rock music fans had the privilege of seeing The Beatles perform at a large outdoor venue at Crosley Field. This was during the British group's final concert tour of the United States and Canada.
Tragedy struck the Cincinnati metropolitan area on May 28, 1977, when a suburban nightclub burned, taking the lives of 165 persons. The Beverly Hills Supper Club fire remains the third deadliest fire at a nightclub in American history.
One of the worst rock concert tragedies in United States history occurred in Cincinnati on December 3, 1979. Eleven people were killed in a rush for "festival seating" before a concert by The Who at Riverfront Coliseum (now U.S. Bank Arena). As a result, "festival seating" was banned at city venues until 2004.
Race relations
Situated across the Ohio River from the border state of Kentucky, which allowed slavery, Ohio was a focal point for huge commerce to the South as well as being a well known goal for runaway slaves as once they set foot in Cincinnati, they were officially out of slavery. Many local laws and incidents in history confound the pristine concept of it being a truly "free" city, as there were very famous incidents of riots, racial purges and tragic confrontations of runaway slaves or freemen kidnapped into bondage.The neighborhoods in Cincinnati are highly segregated. This separation does not appear explicitly created in lawbooks or social procedures but is easily seen when considering the density of one racial domination of a particular area. Typical distribution is most Blacks are closer to downtown (such as Over-the-Rhine, Avondale and Newport, KY) with White clusters (such as Mount Adams, University Heights, and Clifton). There are neighborhoods of high integration between Whites and Blacks but these are usually surrounded by other areas which are much more polarized.
Underground Railroad
Cincinnati was an important stop for the Underground Railroad in pre-Civil War times. It bordered a slave state, Kentucky, and is often mentioned as a destination for many people escaping the bonds of slavery. There are many harrowing stories involving abolitionists, runaways, slave traders and free men.Lane Theological Seminary was established in the Walnut Hills section of Cincinnati in 1829 to educate Presbyterian ministers. Prominent New England pastor Lyman Beecher moved his family (Harriet and son Henry) from Boston to Cincinnati to become the first President of the Seminary in 1832. Lane Seminary is known primarily for the "debates" held there in 1834 that influenced the nation's thinking about slavery. Several of those involved went on to play an important role in the abolitionist movement and the buildup to the American Civil War. [link] Abolitionist author Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom' Cabin it was first published on March 20, 1852. The book was the best-selling novel of the 19th century (and the second best-selling book of the century after the Bible)[Introduction to Uncle Tom's Cabin Study Guide]. and is credited with helping to fuel the abolitionist cause in the United States prior to the American Civil War. In the first year after it was published, 300,000 copies of the book were sold. In his 1985 book Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture, Thomas Gossett observed that "in 1872 a biographer of Horace Greeley would argue that the chief force in developing support for the Republican Party in the 1850s had been Uncle Tom's Cabin." The Harriet Beecher Stowe House in Cincinnati is located at 2950 Gilbert Avenue, Cincinnati, it is open to the public.
The National Underground Railroad Freedom Center, located in downtown Cincinnati on the banks of the Ohio River, largely focuses on the history of slavery in the U.S., but has an underlying mission of promoting freedom in a contemporary fashion for the world. Its grand opening ceremony in 2002 was a gala event involving many national stars, musical acts, fireworks, and a visit from the current First Lady of the U.S. It is physically located between Great American Ballpark and Paul Brown Stadium, which were both built and opened shortly before the Freedom Center was opened.
History of race riots
There is a long history of racial tension between White and Black citizens in Cincinnati that have erupted violently.
- 1829 – Riots begun by Whites to terrorize the Black community resulted in thousands of Blacks leaving for Canada.
- 1836 – a pro-slavery riot took place
- 1841 – White Irish-decendent and Irish immigrant dock workers rioted against Black dock workers. When the Black dock workers banded together to defend their community from the approaching Whites, the White rioters retreated and then commandeered a 6-pound cannon and shot it through the streets of Cincinnati.
- 1884 – One of the deadliest riots in U.S. history took place. It was started by a White mob in reaction to their anger over a murder trial involving a Black and White defendant. 56 people were killed and the city's courthouse was burned down.
- 1967 – the first riot initiated by Blacks occurred. The incident which sparked the violence was a domestic dispute between a Black couple which had gunfire involved but turned quickly into a race riot.
- 1968 – After Martin Luther King Jr's death riots raged nationwide. In the riots in Cincinnati two people died.
- 2001 – (Main article: 2001 Cincinnati Riots) After a period of 6 years, in which 15 young Black males were killed during police confrontations, and no other race or gender died, riots broke out in downtown Cincinnati. The death of Timothy Thomas occurred on the backdrop of a federal case brought against the city and police department alleging racial profiling rallying around Roger Owensby, Jr while the civil trial investigating the police involved in Owensby's death. (See also: Roger Owensby Jr Criminal Trial.) This combination is considered the catalyst for what some refer to as riots and others an uprising. The following years saw a slowing of policing in the more crime-riddled neighborhoods of Cincinnati and a spike in the murder rate, especially young Black males killing young Black males.
Nicknames
Cincinnati has a number of nicknames, including the "The Queen City," "The Queen of the West," "The Blue Chip City," "The City of Seven Hills," "Zinzinnati," "The Nasty Nati," "The Nasty" and "Porkopolis." Cincinnati is sometimes abbreviated to "Cincy," "Cinci," "Cinti" or "The 'Nati."
Politics
Currently, the City of Cincinnati generally votes Democratic, while the rest of the metropolitan area generally votes Republican.The city is governed by a nine-member city council, whose members are elected at large. Prior to 1924, city council was elected through a system of wards. The ward system lent itself to corruption and Cincinnati was run by the Republican political machine of Boss Cox from the 1880's through the 1920's with a few brief interludes. A reform movement arose in 1923, led by another Republican, Murray Seasongood. Seasongood eventually founded the Charter Committee, which used ballot initiatives in 1924 to eliminate the ward system and replace it with the current at-large system and also to introduce a city manager. From 1924 to 1957, the council was selected by proportional representation. As of 1957, all candidates run in a single race and the top nine vote-getters are elected (the "9-X system"). The mayor was selected by the council. Starting in 1987, the top vote-getter in the city council race automatically became mayor. Starting in 1999, the mayor was chosen in a separate election and the city manager accepted a lesser role in government; these reforms were referred to as the "strong mayor" reforms. Cincinnati politics includes the participation of the Charter Party, the third-party with the longest history of winning in local elections.
Crime
Before the riots of 2001, Cincinnati's overall crime rate was dropping dramatically. It was at its statistical lowest point in records dating back to 1992. After the riots, Keith Fangman, president of the Cincinnati Police Department's Fraternal Order of Police made various suggestive statements inspiring an unofficial "work slowdown" to demonstrate their frustration with the additional scrutiny and lack of support from other city entities. This meant they did not go out of their way for discretionary or self-related work, but they still did respond to emergencies. One example of Fangman's statements is: "If you want to make 20 traffic stops a shift and chase every dope dealer you see, you go right ahead," he wrote. "Just remember that if something goes wrong, or you make the slightest mistake in that split second, it could result in having your worst nightmare come true for you and your family, and City Hall will sell you out."After the riots, violent crime has skyrocketed (but still well below the statistics in the 70's). The police force "work slowdown" correlates with this increase. It is important to note that Fangman repeatedly denied there was an organized effort for a slowdown, but many of his various recorded & public statements clearly discouraged pro-active policing repeatedly.
In May and June of 2006, the police created a task force focusing on a crackdown of crime reducing the crime rate of downtown Cincinnati by 29%. This marks a dramatic decrease in crime but has not reduced the crime levels to pre-riots/pre-work slowdown levels.
Demographics
| City of Cincinnati Population by year [link] | |
|
1810 - 2,540 1820 - 9,642 1830 - 24,831 1840 - 46,338 1850 - 115,435 1860 - 161,044 1870 - 216,239 1880 - 255,139 1890 - 296,908 1900 - 325,902 1910 - 363,591 1920 - 401,247 1930 - 451,160 1940 - 455,610 1950 - 503,998 1960 - 502,550 1970 - 452,524 1980 - 385,457 1990 - 364,040 2000 - 331,285 | |
As of the census[Geographic references#2GR2] of 2003, there were 317,361 people, 166,012 households, and 72,566 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,640.5/km² (4,249.0/mi²). There were 166,012 housing units at an average density of 822.1/km² (2,129.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 52.97% White, 42.92% Black or African American, 0.21% Native American, 1.55% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.63% from other races, and 1.68% from two or more races. 1.28% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 148,095 households out of which 25.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.6% were married couples living together, 18.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.0% were non-families. 42.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 3.02.
The age distribution is 24.5% under the age of 18, 12.9% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $29,493, and the median income for a family was $37,543. Males had a median income of $33,063 versus $26,946 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,962. About 18.2% of families and 21.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 32.0% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over.
There has been concerted effort by the local government to stem the tide of emigrants. The population of Cincinnati decreased by nine percent between 1990 and 2000. Many of those leaving are living in the suburbs just outside of Cincinnati (often considered "Greater Cincinnati"). Several reasons are mentioned for this phenomenon common to many American cities, including job opportunities, entertainment, racial tensions, education opportunities and others.
The Jewish population of Cincinnati at the turn of the century was estimated to be 15,000 while the Jewish population of the United States at that time was 1,522,500.
Fountain Square
Fountain Square is a public square in downtown Cincinnati, located at Fifth Street and Vine. Its centerpiece is the landmark bronze Tyler Davidson Fountain. The square is a popular hardscape, surrounded by hotels, banks, department stores, and restaurants. The space was donated to the city of Cincinnati by prominent citizen Henry Probasco and dedicated on its completion in 1871 to his brother-in-law, Tyler Davidson.In 1998 the fountain underwent extensive restoration. In September 2005 the fountain was temporarily moved to the Cincinnati Art Museum while Fountain Square itself undergoes extensive renovation.
Fountain Square was featured in the credits of the television series WKRP in Cincinnati.
Riverfront
Being situated on the Ohio River, Cincinnati is home to several prominent bridges that connect the downtown to Covington, Kentucky and Newport, Kentucky. These include the historic and picturesque John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge, which served as a prototype for the Brooklyn Bridge; the Daniel Carter Beard Bridge (aka The Big Mac Bridge); and the Purple People Bridge, which is the longest pedestrian-only bridge in the United States connecting two states.Cincinnatians also place a great value on the riverfront for its entertainment and economic benefits. The riverfront is home to both Paul Brown Stadium home of the Cincinnati Bengals, and to Great American Ball Park home of the Cincinnati Reds. Also the riverfront is home of the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center and to the planned "Banks" mixed commercial and residential facility. Also the annual WEBN Fireworks on Labor Day are celebrated at the river, as well as Tall Stacks, the largest gathering of steam riverboats in the nation. Also many cultural festivals are held at Sawyer Point, including the Cincinnati Blues Festival. The Cincinnati Celtic Festival, formerly held at Ault Park and historic Coney Island, is on hiatus for 2006 and is expected to return in 2007 under new management.
Education
Cincinnati Public Schools operates the public schools in the city, including 16 high schools, each accepting students on a city-wide basis. The Cincinnati area is also home to a number of Catholic high schools, most of which are single-sex. The city of Cincinnati is also home to a variety of private schools.
| Public High Schools | Catholic High Schools | Private Schools |
| Aiken College & Career High School | Archbishop Elder High School | Cincinnati Country Day School |
| Aiken University High School | Bishop Fenwick High School – coed | Cincinnati Hills Christian Academy |
| Clark Montessori | La Salle High School | Miami Valley Christian Academy |
| Gilbert A. Dater High School | Mc Auley High School | Seven Hills School |
| Hughes Center | Our Lady of the Rosary | Summit Country Day School |
| Riverview East Academy | Archbishop McNicholas High School – coed | |
| School for Creative and Performing Arts | Archbishop Moeller High School | |
| Shroder Paideai Academy | Mother of Mercy High School | |
| Robert A. Taft Information Technology High School | Mount Notre Dame High School | |
| Virtual High School | Archbishop Purcell Marian High School – coed | |
| Walnut Hills High School | Roger Bacon High School – coed | |
| Western Hills Design Technology High School | St. Ursula Academy | |
| Western Hills University High School | St. Xavier High School | |
| Withrow International High School | Seton High School | |
| Withrow University High School | Ursuline Academy | |
| Woodward Career Technical High School | ||
Media
Television
| Call sign | Channel | Description |
| WLWT | [Channel 5] | (NBC), owned by Hearst-Argyle |
| WCPO | [Channel 9] | (ABC), owned by Scripps-Howard |
| WKRC | [Channel 12] | (CBS), owned by Clear Channel |
| WXIX | [Channel 19] | (FOX), owned by Raycom Media |
| WSTR-TV | [Channel 64] | (WB), owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group |
| WOTH-LP | [Channel 25] | (A1/UATV), owned by WBQC |
| WBQC-CA | [Channel 38] | (UPN) |
| WCET | [Channel 48] | (PBS) |
Radio
- These are the major talk and music radio stations in the Cincinnati area:
- *55WKRC AM Talk Radio "The Talk Station" [link]
- *NewsRadio 700 WLW AM "The Big One" and "Home of the Reds" [link]
- *Sacred Heart Radio 740 WNOP AM [link]
- *WDJO Oldies 1160 AM [link]
- *WDBZ "The Buzz of Cincinnati" 1320 AM Black Talk
- *1360 Homer AM "The Sports Animal" Sports Radio [link]
- *1530 WCKY AM "The Revolution of Talk Radio" [link]
- *WAIF "What Radio Was Meant To Be" Community radio 88.3 FM [link]
- *WJVS "Joint Vocational School" Mon-Fri 8 :00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. on 88.3 FM
- *WNKU "Best Public Radio in the country" Eclectic music 89.7 FM [link]
- *WGUC 90.9 FM NPR; Classical Music [link]
- *WVXU 91.7 FM NPR; Public Radio [link]
- *WOFX "The FOX" Classic Rock 92.5 FM [link]
- *WAKW "New Life 93" Christian 93.3 FM [link]
- *WVMX "Mix 94.1" Adult Contemporary FM [link]
- *WMOJ "Jammin' Oldies" Oldies 94.9 FM [link]
- *WYGY "The Star" Country 96.5 FM [link]
- *WAQZ "Everything Alternative 97.3" Alternative Rock 97.3 FM [link]
- *WOXY (FM) "97.7 Max FM"
- *WRRM "Warm 98" Soft Rock 98.5 FM [link]
- *WIZF "The Wiz" Urban Contemporary 100.9 FM [link]
- *WKRQ "Q 102" Top 40 101.9 FM [link]
- *WEBN "WEBN" Rock 102.7 FM [link]
- *WGRR "Oldies 103.5" Oldies 103.5 FM [link]
- *WNLT "K Love" Contemporary Christian 104.3 FM [link]
- *WUBE "B 105" Country 105.1 FM [link]
- *WPFB "The Rebel" Country 105.9 FM [link]
- *WKFS "KISS 107 FM" Top 40 107.1 [link]
Online media
- The following are online media outlets, including new aggregators, in the Cincinnati area:
- *The Dean of Cincinnati -- now at The Cincinnati Beacon [link]
- *513 Green PAC [link]
- *AroundCinci.com [link]
- *Blue Chip Review [link]
- *Cincinnati.com [link]
- *The Cincinnati Nation [link]
- *NKY.com [link]
- *Queen City Forum [link]
- *WOXY (internet radio) [link]
- *Cincymusic.com [link]
- *Cincyweather.net [link]
Transportation
- Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky International Airport is in Hebron, Kentucky, and serves Cincinnati, Ohio.
- The John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge, opened in 1866, links Cincinnati and Covington, Kentucky. This bridge was the prototype for the Brooklyn Bridge, also designed by Roebling.
- Cincinnati is accessible via interstates I-75, I-71 and I-74. I-275 is a beltway around the city, and I-471 links it to Newport, Kentucky.
- Lunken Airport - Cincinnati Municipal Airfield
- Amtrak Passenger Rail Service, The Cardinal, Trains 50 & 51 service Cincinnati.
- Greyhound Lines Bus Service
- [CSX Transportation] Railroad freight service
- [Norfolk Southern] Railroad freight service
- [Indiana & Ohio Railway] Railroad freight service
- Cincinnati has an unfinished subway, abandoned during construction in 1925 due to cost overruns. The existing tunnels now stand vacant.
- METRO city passenger bus, operated by SORTA, the Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority
- TANK Transit Authority of Northern Kentucky in Downtown Cincinnati, south of sixth street.
Culture
- Mt. Adams
- Clifton Gaslight District
- Cincinnati Main Street Arts and Entertainment District
- Big Pig Gig
- Cornhole (game), which originated in Cincinnati's West Side
- Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, the fifth-oldest orchestra in the United States
- Cincinnati Ballet
- University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music
- Tallstacks
- Oktoberfest-Zinzinnati
- Cincinnati May Festival
- Cincinnati BockFest
- MidPoint Music Festival
- Midwest Regional Black Family Reunion
Attractions
- Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden
- Newport Aquarium (across the Ohio River) [link]
- Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal [link]combines the Cincinnati Children's Museum, the Cincinnati Museum of Natural History and Science, the OmniMax Cinema, and the Cincinnati History Museum in the classic Art-Deco Union Terminal, the largest half-dome on the planet Earth.
- Krohn Conservatory
- Mt. Airy Arboretum
- Lloyd Library and Museum, world-class collection covering medical botany, pharmacy, eclectic medicine, and horticulture.
- Spring Grove Cemetery
- Coney Island of Cincinnati
- Paramount's Kings Island, in Kings Mills, a suburb 20 miles northeast of Cincinnati
- Boomerang Bay Waterpark, also in Mason, also owned by Paramount
- The Beach Waterpark, also in Mason
- TPC at River's Bend, a golf club that hosts a Champions Tour event (men's senior golf)
- Western & Southern Financial Group Masters, an important tennis tournament held in Mason
- National Underground Railroad Freedom Center
- Taft Museum of Art
- American Classical Music Hall of Fame and Museum
- The Center for Holocaust and Humanity Education
- Cincinnati Art Museum
- Cincinnati Fire Museum [link]
- Cincinnati Observatory Center
- The Contemporary Arts Center
- Drake Planetarium
- Greater Cincinnati Science Education Center
- Harriet Beecher Stowe House
- Heritage Village Museum
- John Hauck House
- National Signs of the Times Museum
- Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame
- Cincinnati Friendship Park
- Creation Museum [link] (Scheduled to open in Spring 2007)
Buildings
- See also: University of Cincinnati Architecture
- Carew Tower tallest building in Cincinnati and a National Historic Landmark; open air observation deck on 49th story; basis for Empire State Building
- PNC Tower 5th tallest in the world (tallest in the US outside of New York City) when it was built in 1914
- Scripps Center Home of the world headquarters for Scripps Howard
- Ingalls Building The world's first reinforced concrete skyscraper
- Star Tower
- Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal is a train station; now primarily a museum and example of Art Deco style. Amtrak station has returned to Union Terminal since renovation and offers one train per day.
- US Bank Tower
- The Contemporary Arts Center By Iraqi architect Zaha Hadid, 2004 winner of the Pritzker Prize. Called by the New York Times the "most important American building to be completed since the end of the Cold War."
- Aronoff Center Performing art center, by architect César Pelli.
Galleries
- Carl Solway Gallery
- Cincinnati Art Galleries
- The Design Consortium Gallery
- Miller Gallery
- Visual History Gallery
- Weston Art Gallery
Famous Cincinnatians
- Actors
- Doris Day – actress
- Julie Hagerty – Actress
- Sarah Jessica Parker – actress
Theater
For a city of its size, Cincinnati boasts a vibrant community of theater artists, educators, and producers. Audiences can attend professional, semi-professional, community, and educational theater opportunities year-round in the Cincinnati tri-state area. Many theatres within the region are members of the League of Cincinnati Theatres. In addition to theater experiences offered through most high schools, many of which are critiqued by local students through the Cappie Awards program, Cincinnati offers a number of college-level theater/performing arts training and performing opportunities.
| Professional (equity) theater | Professional (non-equity) theater | Community (non-professional) theater | Educational theater |
| Cincinnati Playhouse in the Park | Know Theatre Tribe | Mariemont Players | University of Cincinnati |
| Ensemble Theatre of Cincinnati | Clear Stage Cincinnati | Falcon Productions | Xavier University |
| Cincinnati Shakespeare Festival | Ovation Theatre Company | Northern Kentucky University | |
| Cincinnati Public Theatre | Cincinnati Music Theatre | ||
| Stage First Cincinnati | If Theatre Collective | ||
| New Edgecliff Theater | Showbiz Players | ||
| The Performance Gallery | The Nativity Players | ||
| The Children's Theatre | The East Side Players | ||
| Wyoming Players | |||
Food culture
- [Aglamesis Bros. Ice Cream Parlor]
- Cincinnati chili
- * Gold Star Chili [link]
- * Price Hill Chili
- * Dixie Chili
- * Skyline Chili
- * [Camp Washington Chili]
- * Pleasant Ridge Chili
- * Blue Ash Chili
- * Empress Chili
- * Chili Time
- Goetta
- Graeter's Ice Cream
- Findlay Market
- Frisch's
- Izzy's [link]
- Jeff Ruby Steakhouses [link]
- J.T.M.
- LaRosa's Pizza
- Montgomery Inn [link]
- Oktoberfest-Zinzinnati, second largest oktoberfest in the world, behindMunich's Oktoberfest
- United Dairy Farmers
- White Castle
Sports
Venues
- Paul Brown Stadium – Football, soccer (capacity 65,535)
- Great American Ball Park – Baseball (42,059)
- Nippert Stadium – University of Cincinnati football (35,000)
- U.S. Bank Arena – Hockey, basketball, football, soccer (17,000)
- Fifth Third Arena – University of Cincinnati athletics (13,176)
- Cincinnati Gardens – Hockey, basketball, boxing (11,498)
- Cintas Center – Xavier University athletics (10,250)
Major league teams
Minor league teams
- Cincinnati Kings, USL Second Division
- Cincinnati Cyclones, ECHL.
- Cincinnati Mighty Ducks, American Hockey League – voluntarily suspended for 2005-2006 due to lack of an NHL affiliate.
- Cincinnati Excite, American Indoor Soccer League 2005/2006 Champions.
- Cincinnati Dockers, USAFL
- [Southern Ohio Patriots], USFA
Major colleges
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Bearcats; Big East
- Xavier University, Xavier Musketeers; Atlantic 10
- Miami University, Miami RedHawks; Mid-American Conference
- The Union Institute
- Mount St. Joseph
- Northern Kentucky University
- Indiana Wesleyan University
- Thomas Moore College
In March, 2005 and 2006, the U.S. Bank Arena will host the Atlantic 10 Conference men's basketball tournament.
Every May since 2000, Cincinnati has hosted the annual Flying Pig Marathon which winds through downtown and northern Kentucky.
Company headquarters in Cincinnati
These companies have headquarters in Cincinnati:- Procter & Gamble – the world's largest consumer products company; recently acquired Gillette
- Kroger – The largest supermarket chain company in the United States; 17th largest corporation in the U.S.
- Fifth Third Bank – One of the top 20 largest banks in the United States.
- Cincinnati Bell
- Cincinnati Financial Corporation
- Comair Airlines - Delta Connection (in Erlanger, Kentucky)
- Cornerstone Brands, subsidiary of the InterActive Corp., based in West Chester, Ohio
- Chiquita Brands International
- Duro Bag Manufacturing Company, The largest paper bag manufacturer in the world headquartered in Ludlow, Kentucky
- Federated Department Stores – The largest department store chain owner in the U.S. after the acquisition of May Department Stores. Federated Store brands (Lazarus, Rich's, Burdines, etc) have all been rebranded either as Macy's or Bloomingdale's.
- GE-Aviation- one of the world's largest aircraft engine manufacturers; a division of the GE conglomerate based in Evendale, Ohio (suburb of Cincinnati)
- US Playing Card Company – World's largest and most renowned playing card company, located in the enclave of Norwood, Ohio
- The Andrew Jergens Company, a subsidiary of Kao, Inc.
- Luxottica Retail (in Mason, Ohio)-division of Luxottica SpA of Milan, Italy; manages the Lenscrafters, Pearle Vision, Sunglass Hut, and Watch Station retail brands.
- Omnicare (in Covington, Kentucky)
- Roto-Rooter
- Toyota Motor Manufacturing North America (in Erlanger, Kentucky)
- Fujitec America (in Lebanon, Ohio)
- Western & Southern Financial Group
- E.W. Scripps Company – A media company that owns many newspapers, cable channels and news stations. Also hosts the National Spelling Bee.
- Convergys
- Portion PAC (in Mason, Ohio)
- Formica Corporation
- Cintas (in Mason, Ohio)
- Mitsubishi Automotive Electric America (in Mason, Ohio)
- Skyline Chili
- Paycor, Inc.
- LaRosa's Pizza
- LCN Solutions
- 513 Ventures
- United Dairy Farmers
- General Cable Corporation
Sister cities
Cincinnati has eight sister citiesSister cities designated by [Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI)]:Cincinnati also has one un-official sister city : Netanya (Israel).
See also
- Cincinnati Flower Show
- List of famous people from Cincinnati
- List of Mayors of Cincinnati, Ohio
- List of cities and towns along the Ohio River
- History of Cincinnati, Ohio
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital
References
External links
- [Cincinnati official website]
- #redirect [[Template:Wikitravel]]
- [Greater Cincinnati Convention & Visitors Bureau]
- [Northern Cincinnati Convention & Visitors Bureau]
- [Cincinnati Skyline, Images and Photographs]
- [Virtual Reality Scenes of Cincinnati]
- [Cincinnati Film Commission]
- [City government in the reform period]
- [Cincinnati by twilight] pictorial at Tysto.
- [Cincinnati Theater Web]
- [Skirball Museum,Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion]
- [Cincinnati Wine Events]
- [Fun Day Events]
- [Pictures of Cincinnati on UrbanOhio.com]
- [link] Some information about the historical race riots
- [link] Detail of the 1841 riots
- [link] Pro-slavery riots took place for days and other details of the 1884.
- [link] Thousands of Blacks leave for Canada as a result of the riots
- [Railroads of Cincinnati]
- [Learn about historic bridges in and around Cincinnati.]
- [link] Crime rate trends from 1992 to 2002.
- [Police frustration brings slowdown] – Cincinnati Enquirer
- [Time to Pay] – CityBeat
- [Black motorists pulled over more often in city, study finds] – Cincinnati Post
- [Cincinnati's Riots: One year later] – Cincinnati Enquirer
- [Maps and aerial photos]
- * Street map from [Google Maps] or [Yahoo! Maps]
- * Topographic map from [TopoZone]
- * Aerial image or topographic map from [TerraServer-USA]
- * Satellite image from [Google Maps] or [Windows Live Local]
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