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Computing

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For the formal concept of computation, see computation.
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Originally, the word computing was synonymous with counting and calculating, and a science that deals with the original sense of computing mathematical calculations. "Computing" has come to mean the operation and usage of computing machines, the electrical processes carried out within the computing hardware itself, and the theoretical concepts governing them (computer science). The following definition of computing is given in the ACM report [Computing As a Discipline]:

The discipline of computing is the systematic study of algorithmic processes that describe and transform information: their theory, analysis, design, efficiency, implementation, and application. The fundamental question underlying all the computing is 'What can be (efficiently) automated?'

Contents

Science and theory

Hardware

See information processor for a high-level block diagram.

Instruction-level taxonomies

After the commoditization of memory, attention turned to optimizing CPU performance at the instruction level. Various methods of speeding up the fetch-execute cycle include:

Business computing

Managed Service Provider, MSP

Human factors

Numeric data

Character data

Other data topics

Classes of computers

Companies - current

Companies - historic

Professional organizations

Standards organizations and consortia

See also: Standardization

Miscellaneous

 

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