The upper half of a sagittal section through the front of the eyeball. (Label for 'Conjunctiva' visible at center-left when expanded.)
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|MeSH
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The conjunctiva is a membrane that covers the sclera (white part of the eye) and lines the inside of the eyelids. It helps lubricate the eye by producing mucus and tears, although a smaller volume of tears than the lacrimal gland. (London Place Eye Center, 2003).
The conjunctiva is typically divided into three parts:
Palpebral or tarsal conjunctiva - the conjunctiva lining the eyelids
Fornix conjunctiva - the conjunctiva where the inner part of the eyelids and the eyeball meet
Bulbar or ocular conjuctiva - the conjunctiva over the eyeball
Diseases and disorders
Disorders of the conjunctiva and cornea are a common source of eye complaints. The surface of the eye is exposed to various external influences and is especially suspectible to trauma, infections, and allergic reactions. Degeneration and dystrophia are less common causes of problems. The conjunctiva is best known because of its inflamed state, conjunctivitis (more commonly known as pinkeye). Conjunctival irritation is one of the adverse health effects that can take place after overexposure to VOCs (Volatile Organic Chemicals).
References
London Place Eye Center (2003). [Conjunctivitis]. Retrieved July 25, 2004.
Medicinenet.com (1999). [Conjunctiva]. Retrieved July 25, 2004.
