Créteil
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| Créteil | |
|---|---|
| Country | |
| Région | Île-de-France |
| Départment | Val-de-Marne (préfecture) |
| Arrondissement | Créteil |
| Canton | Chief town of 3 cantons |
| INSEE | 94028 (ex 75028) |
| Postal Code | 94000 |
| Mayor Current Term | Laurent Cathala |
| Intercommunality | Communauté d'agglomération Plaine Centrale du Val-de-Marne |
| Longitude | 02°27'46 Est |
| Latitude | 48°47'28 Nord |
| Altitudes | average : 63 m minimum : 31 m maximum : 74 m |
| Area | 11.46 km² |
| Population without double-counting | 87,300 82,154 inhab. (July 1, 2004 estimate) (March 8, 1999 census) |
| Population Density | 7,618 inhab./km² |
Créteil is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 11.5 km. (7.1 miles) from the center of Paris. Créteil is the préfecture (capital) of the Val-de-Marne département, as well as the seat of the Arrondissement of Créteil. The city is, moreover, the seat of one catholic siege and an academy school. The inhabitants are named Cristolien. Since 1977, the mayor is Laurent Cathala.
Name
The name Créteil was recorded for the first time as Cristoïlum in the martyrology written by the monk Usuard in 865. The name Cristoïlum is made of the Celtic word ialo (meaning "clearing, glade", "place of") suffixed to a pre-Latin radical crist- whose meaning is still unclear. Some believe crist is a Celtic word meaning "ridge", cognate of Latin crista and modern French crête, in which case the meaning of Cristoïlum would be "clearing on the ridge", "place on the ridge". A more traditional etymology was that crist referred to Jesus Christ, due to the very ancient presence of Christianity in Créteil and the veneration of Saint Agoard and Saint Aglibert, martyred in Créteil around AD 400.Geography
Créteil is a city of the south-eastern suburbs of Paris. It is sprinkled by the Marne river which carries out its last loop before the junction with the Seine, junction which will be done with Charenton-the-Bridge. The zone of alluvial plain is eroded by the action of the Marne and the Seine. Only vestige of the tertiary sector: the Mount-Mesly. The communes bordering are Maisons-Alfort, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, Bonneuil-sur-Marne, Limeil-Brévannes, Valenton, Choisy-le-Roi and Alfortville.History
History of the city
Some rare flints of paleolithic are still updated at the beginning of the XX×10 century on the communal territory. It is however the polishing machine of the Neolithic era of more than two tons which makes the prehistoric pride of Créteil. The first hard copies referring to Créteil go up in Mérovingiens: Vicus Cristolium. This toponym is formed of the prefix crist and the Olium radical. These two terms are Gallic: "clearing" for crist and "peak" for Olium. The "clearing" of the "peak" of the Mont-Mesly is as of before the romanisation on the road connecting Paris and Sens (Trunk road 19 today). In 1406, the toponym of Créteil makes its appearance after successive deformations in Cristoill (1278), Cristeuil, Cresteul then Creteuil.In 1567, at the time of the wars of religion, the Huguenots plunder the church and burn the local charters. New disorders in 1648 with the Sling and the evacuation of the inhabitants of Créteil. The end of the reign of Louis XIV is marked by a great food shortage concerning the whole of France because one period of great cold (1709). We record 69 deaths with Créteil. The registers of grievances written with Créteil into 1789 count 15 articles.
In this end of the XVIIIe century, one notes the construction of the first middle-class houses the "Parisian ones". In 1814, Créteil east taken by the Russian troops. Many requisitions. The bridge of Creteil which spans the Marne between Creteil and Saint-Maur-des-Fossés is inaugurated on April 9, 1841. It replaces the ancestral system of vat. The war free-Prussian of 1870 is particularly cruel for Créteil.
The borough is plundered and left ruins some by the Prussians while the combat of the Mont-Mesly of November 30 1870 make 179 dead. Afterwards many vicissitudes, Créteil gives up its pastoral character after the World War II. The population passes thus from 13 800 in 1954 to 30 654 in 1962.
In 1965, the city becomes Préfecture of the new department of the Val-de-Marne.
History of the lake
With the origin the lake of Créteil was a career of gypsum extraction and gravels. Following the abandonment of the career following the fact that the ground water was reached, that resulted in forming deep ponds. The lake is thus artificial since it was created following these ponds.Demography
Economy
Health
At January 1, 2006, 27 pharmacies, an about sixty dentists, an about sixty general practitioners, ten pediatrists, a half dozen ophthalmologists and dermatologists constitute in particular the liberal medicine of the city.CHU Henri Mondor. Publicly-owned hospital inaugurated on December 2, 1969. Conceived initially to receive 1300 beds, its capacity of reception is today of 958 beds. It employs more than 3000 people including more than 2600 looking after personnel. Its expenditure in 2004 was of 241M€.
Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil. Inaugurated on November 3, 1937. Capacity of reception of 530 beds against 264 in 1937. The construction of this establishment was decided in 1932 by grouping the communes of the Bonneuil-sur-Marne, Creteil and Joinville-le-Pont within an inter-commune trade union. Saint-Maur-des-Fossés joined then this trade union. With the origin, a part of the hospital personnel was chocolate éclairs. In 2004, 38.037 hospitalizations listed for 2.551 childbirth and 12.838 interventions chirurgicales. ] It counts approximately 2000 employees for 1400 looking after personnel.
Centre de Transfusion sanguine . The Center of blood transfusion of Creteil depends on the inter-commune Hospital. This service treats from 600 to 1000 requests per day.
Albert Chenevier Hospital. Publicly-owned hospital. Capacity of reception of 463 beds. The service of psychiatry counts 118 beds.
Transportation
Créteil is served by three stations on Paris Metro line 8: Créteil – L'Échat, Créteil – Université, and Créteil – Préfecture.External links
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