Cumbernauld
Encyclopedia : C : CU : CUM : Cumbernauld
Cumbernauld is a new town in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, created in 1956 as a population overflow for Glasgow. Its population was 49,664 at the time of the 2001 census. The name comes from the Scots Gaelic comar nan allt, meaning the meeting of the waters.
History
Its history stretches to Roman times, with a settlement near the Antonine Wall. The Antonine Wall was the furthest and most northerly boundary of the Roman Empire. The security that the wall gave from possibly hostile tribes to the north probably allowed the foundation of a settlement. A rural population grew in the area where Cumbernauld's housing estates now stand, with the centrepoints being Cumbernauld House (near the site of Cumbernauld Castle) and Cumbernauld Village nearby. The House stands on the site of the old Cumbernauld Castle, first build in the Norman motte and bailey style and later embellished. First owned by the Comyns, and then by the Flemings, the castle played host to the royalty of Scotland, including Mary Queen of Scots, who visited the castle and planted a yew tree at Castlecary Castle, only a mile or two away, which still grows there. Sadly, the roof of the great hall collapsed while the queen was staying there, and although she was not hurt, she visited the relatives of those who were injured or killed in the village below. Royalty often visited the town to hunt the mysterious Scottish ox, or white cattle, which roamed in the woods around Cumbernauld. These woods were a surviving fragment of the ancient Caledonian Forest, in which the oxen abounded. The House was designed by the famous architect Robert Adam and is today used as offices. The old grounds are used today as a park, known as Cumbernauld Fields. A mining and quarrying industry flourished after the construction of the Forth and Clyde Canal, notably at Auchinstarry Quarry which is now a popular location for climbing and abseiling, and at Glencryan, where the old clay mine and its associated structures are still clearly visible. Weaving was also an important part of the towns industry before the industrial revolution, when all the work of that kind moved to neighbouring bigger towns such as Glasgow.Cumbernauld (Modern Gaelic Comainn nan Allt) sits on top of one of the highest hills in the low-lying Scottish central belt. This has given it its old Scot's nomen, 'the windy toun'. It was long a staging-post for changing horses between Glasgow and Edinburgh. The Spur Inn in the village still has the archway for the stagecoaches.
After the creation of the new town, diverse industries such as high-tech, electronics, and chemical and food processing became large employers, along with the UK government tax collection office, the Inland Revenue.
During its construction beginning 1955, under the designer's eye of Geoffrey Copcutt, Cumbernauld's town centre's daring megastructure architecture was highly praised. Architects, designers, town planners and students of many disciplines visited Cumbernauld from around the globe to marvel at the town, for many years heralded as a utopian construction.
Modern times
Since then, the outlook has changed dramatically and the New Town has won a number of very unflattering awards including the "Plook on a Plinth" in both 2001 and 2005 [link]. In December 2005 the entire Town Centre won a public nomination for demolition in the Channel 4 series Demolition in 2005. As a result of this, it was also featured on the BBC Radio 2 comedy program It's Been a Bad Week, where it won the shows fictional, "Worst Week of the Week Award, Awarded Weekly, on a Week-By-Week Basis." As well as a widespread backlash against modernist architecture, the passage of time has exposed serious defects in post-war concepts of centrally planned retail and civic centres developed in the absence of proper community consultation or sensitivity to local environmental and economic conditions. The Town Centre is widely regarded as one of the ugliest and least-loved examples of post war design in Scotland. However, the common confusion of the dysfunctional and unattractive Town Centre with the town of Cumbernauld itself is an abiding source of frustration for residents, many of whom are the descendents of skilled workers who aspired to escape the frequently appalling social and housing conditions of the Glasgow conurbation in the 1960s and 70s.The supposed core of Cumbernauld remains the "Town Centre", all of which is essentially contained within one structure, segmented into "phases", the first of which was completed in 1967, the latest of which began construction in May 2003 for completion around September 2004. Designed to be a commerce centre, an entertainment and business venue and a luxury accommodation site, it was widely accepted as the UK's first shopping mall and was the world's first multi-level covered town centre[[Citing sources citation needed]]. But the town never developed to its planned size, and the town centre has never had the life envisaged by town planners. Wealthy occupiers for the centre's penthouses never materialised and some now lie empty and derelict. Further expansion has been primarily to provide further space for shops. A substantial portion of the Town Centre has been bulldozed to make way for a new shopping and leisure complex.
The residential structure of Cumbernauld is noteworthy in that there were no pedestrian crossings, i.e. zebra or pelican crossings, or traffic lights until a set of traffic / pelican lights were erected beside the new Tesco Extra, opened January 2004—pedestrians traverse roads by bridge or underpass. This has led to the suggestion that the town is car-centric, and difficult to navigate by foot. However, residents also find that the quiet network of paths which cross the town from one side to the other provides a pleasing alternative to walking beside the busy main roads.
The town has a reputation as grim and isolating, and finds itself in the bizarre position of having above average income and below average unemployment and child poverty rates, yet also below average house prices for the region. However, the town's housing is well planned and generally of high quality, making it a source of local civic pride in stark contrast to the town centre megastructure.[[Citing sources citation needed]] House price imbalances across central Scotland mean that large family homes of 4 bedrooms and above are available for occupancy in Cumbernauld at prices and rents often half that of equivalent or less salubrious dwellings in the nearby centres of Glasgow and Stirling.
Cumbernauld, or more specifically the suburb Abronhill, was the location for the film Gregory's Girl and its sequel, Gregory's Two Girls.
Cumbernauld is twinned with the town of Bron, France. The local football teams are Clyde, based at Broadwood Stadium and Cumbernauld United, based at Guy's Meadow. The local rugby team is Cumbernauld RFC. There has been a gymnastics team, Cumbernauld Gymnastics Club, in the town for many years, and in the early 90s it moved into its present base at Broadwood Gymnastics Academy, a purpose built building at the same site as Broadwood Stadium.
Transport
Nearby motorway links include the M8, M73, M74, M80 and M9. Ongoing construction works to provide additional housing and retail opportunities are located in the north-east of the town, with major upgrading of the A80 dual carriageway to improve transportation links within the town. A local campaign was recently initiated to protest at the proposed extension of the M80 within the town limits.There is a minor airfield located in Cumbernauld (EGPG). It is used primarily for pilot training by a company based at the airfield. On 21 December 2005 a helicopter flying from the airfield crashed near Perthshire. The chopper was bound for a heliport in Aberdeen. The cause of the crash is still a mystery.
Areas of Cumbernauld
Abronhill; Balloch; Blackwood; Carbrain; Carrickstone; Condorrat; Cumbernauld Village; Dalshannon; Eastfield; Greenfaulds; Kildrum; Lenziemill; Luggiebank; Ravenswood; Seafar; Wardpark; Westerwood; Westfield.Towns and villages within the vicinity of Cumbernauld
Banton; Castlecary; Croy; Dullatur; Kelvinhead; Kilsyth.
External links
- [Cumbernauld Unofficial]
- BBC [Scotland on Film] RealMedia clips:
- The Birth of Cumbernauld -
Hosted by the BBC, also available from [BFI screenonline]
From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Original article here. Support Wikipedia by contributing or donating.
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License See Wikipedia Copyrights for details.