DBDMH

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DBDMH
General
Systematic name	1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin
Other names	Albrom 100, DBDMH, Dibromantin, Dibromodimethylhydantoin, XtraBrom 111
Molecular formula	C5H6Br2N2O2
Molar mass	285.93 g/mol
Appearance	White solid
CAS number	[77-48-5]
Properties
Density	1.36 g/cm3
Solubility in water	0.1 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Melting point	197 °C - 203 °C
Boiling point	n/a
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
Main hazards	Inhalation
NFPA 704
Flash point	?
R/S statement	?

DBDMH is a disinfectant used for drinking water purification, recreational water treatment, as a bleaching agent in pulp and paper mills, and for treating industrial/commercial water cooling systems. It is a white crystalline compound with a slight bromine odor. DBDMH is an excellent source of bromine as it produces no hypochlorous acid as an intermediate to generation of hypobromous acid. Chemically, DBDMH works in the following manner:

Where R = 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin:

Hypobromous acid partially dissociates in water (pKa = 8.6):

Hypobromous acid produces bromide ions when disinfecting or oxidizing:

The resulting bromide ions can then undergo oxidation to hypobromous acid in the presence of an oxidizer of sufficient strength e.g. ozone, hypochlorous acid, potassium monopersulfate. This process is commonly called "activation" of the bromide ion.

References