Dir (clan)

Encyclopedia : D : DI : DIR : Dir (clan)

Some of the information in this has not been [Verifiabilityverified] and might not be reliable. It should be checked for inaccuracies and modified as needed, [cite sourcesciting sources].

Dir is a Somali clan whose members live mostly in northern Somalia. The three main subclans of the Dir are Gadabuursi, Biimaal and Issa.

Lineage Matters

The Southern Dir groups claim direct descent from Hiil, Samaale, Aji, and Irir. According to the Dir clan histories, Dir had four sons named:

Madahweyn
Mandaluug
Madoobe
Mahe Dir

according to others Dir had a fifth son named

Qaldho Dir

The Northern Dir are three major clans who inhabit Somaliland and consist of the Mahe Dir Mohamed Hiniftire, the Gadabuursi the isaaq and the Madoobe Dir.

Geographical distribution of the Dir clans

Madahweyn in Ethiopia The Dir in Ethiopia are represented by the Madahweyn Dir. The madahweyn consists of : Gariir, Gurgure, Guure, Layiile, and Akisho. Other Dir clans in Ethiopia are: Issa, Jaarso, Garre-Quranyow Maxamed, Gadabuursi, Gadsan, Fiqi Muhumand, Qubey's, Mandaluulg, Baajimaal, and Wardaai.

Most of the Dir clans in Ethiopia live in the Dira Dhabe area, Jijiga region, and by the Awash River. The rest of the Ethiopian Dir clans live in southern parts near the Somali border near Dollo Ado and as far as Guure Dhamoole and Negele Boran.

Suure in Bari and Mudug In the Bari and Mudug region of Somalia and all the way to Hiiraan region is another cluster of Dir clans known as the Suure. The Suure have been associated with spreading the Islamic faith in Somalia and the Qadiriya Sufi tariiqa in southren Somalia. The Suure are among the most influential Dir groups in Southern Somalia, and their territories include large areas of the Mudug and Galguduud regions. Also the Suure have founded major trade cities in the Hiiran area including Alaabay and Kamhanley.

The majority of western scholars (both Italian and British) simply referred to the Surre as the "Dir of central Somalia" without differentiating them, but recent studies in Somalia reveal that the majority of the Dir in Hiiran, Gedo, Jubba and Bakool are divided into two branches, the Qubeyes and Abdalles, both descendents of Suure.

Biyamaal in Southern Somalia Other branches of the Dir include the ancient Biyamaal Clan who occuppy an area from 50 km south of Mogadishu all the way down to Jilib and Kismaayo, not far from border with Kenya. The Biyomaal of Marka fought against the Italian colonial rulers of Southern Somalia in a twenty-year war known as the Biyamaal Revolt, in which the Dir assassinated several Italian governors.

Gurgure Dir in Dira Dhawe The Gurgure Dir (a sub-clan of the Madahweyn) inhabit the ancient city of Dira Dhawe, which is also inhabited by the Madoobe Dir Issas.^{[[Citing sources citation needed]]} The first to arrive were the Gurguras who named the city Dira Dhawe, or "the place that Dir conquered or hit with his spear". Finally, the Issas and other Somali groups followed into the region and the Christian Amharas referred the region to as "Oow-raajaa na Issa na Gurgura" or the region of the Gurguras and the Issas.

Gaadsan in Ethiopia, Somalia and Kenya Gaadsan is one of the largest Dir tribes, especially among the western Dir. They reside mainly in three districts in Ethiopia: Liban (Jarrati, Waladaya, Doolow and Guuredhamole), Godey (Iimey and Boola), and Gashamo (Nusdariiq, Marsin, Kabtinuur and Qabridhare). There is also a large Gadsan population, known as Gaadsan-Qalaawileey, in the Shabelle and Jubba regions. In Kenya there is a third division of Gaadsan, known as Gaadsan-Kenya, found in many cities such as Bangal, Garseeni, and Holla. Finally, there are Gaadsan Bakoole and Bay groups, Rabdhuure, Yeed, Luuq and Waajid.

Dir clans and Political groups

Political groups associated with the Dir clans include the following groups in Somalia and Ethiopia:

Issas and Gurgure Liberation Front (IGF) of Ethiopia.
Somali Democratic Alliance (SDA) of the Gadabursi Dir clan.
Somali National Movement (SNM) of the Northern Isaaq.
Southern Somali National Movement (SSNM) of the mostly Mohamed Xiniftire Dir Clans (Bimaal, Mandaluug, and Gadsan) of Jubba, Gedo, Bardheere, and Shabeellaha Hoose region.
Democratic Liberation Front (DLF) supported Central Somalia Dir groups.

Dir subclans

Madahweyn Dir

Gurgure: The Gurgure are divided into three major groups, Habar Daar, Quwaah and Liiban.

These 3 groups are made of many sub-clans:

Habar Daar consists of Kunduuble, Cali, Cabdille
Quwaah consists of Nabidoor, Gacal Waaq, Baiido
Liibaan consists of Gufaatiile, Sanceele, Sanaye

others subclans:

Layiile, Garre, Jeerse, Akisho: Wara-Miyo (Reer-Warfaa, Reer-Dalal, Reer-Hawade, Reer-Agal, Reer -Fofiye, Reer -Buuke, Reer -Naaleyee)and Wara-Ito, Wara-Bito, Wara-Dayo, Wara-Luujo, Wara-Heebaan, gurre, Warre-Kiyo, Obo, Asaabo, eejo
Wardaay, Gariire, Jiido and Reer Aw Said and Abkeey Haji (Farah Said, Abiikar Said, Sacdi Said, Nuur Said, Ali Said, Cismaan Saciid, Huseen Said, Hassan Said, Cumar Saciid)

Mandaluug Dir

Celi Mandaluk (or Mandaluug), Garxejis Mandaluk (Hebr-Yonis and Ciida-Gale) and Saciid Dauud Celi Mandaluk Dir Iriir (iriir is the name of an extinct acacia tree found in and around the area of Dir-dhabe).
Samaroon Saciid, Jibraacin (Malaku-Jibriil) Saciid, Celi Saciid
Makadoor Samaroon, Aydoor Samaroon, Subeer Samaroon, Banii-Cafaan Samaroon, Yeefis Samaroon, Ciise Samaroon and Makadoor( He who visited Mecca), Maxaad Makadoor. Makaahiil Makadoor

Issa Madoobe Dir

Howlgati and Walaaldoon (Makahir, Mahamuud, Iidleh)
Uurweeyne (Fiqi and Abdalle), Wardiiq, Hooroone (Habar Walaala and Geelwalaal), Howleh, Fuurlabe (Mahdle, Saahib) and Ceeleeye (Mamaasan and Muuse)

Mahe Dir

Maxamed Xiniftire

Isaaq (by others considered a separate Somali clan) (Habar Yonis Garxajis, Habar Awal, Arab, HabarTolJecle, ayuub), Biyamaal, Saad, Ismiin, Suleyman, Gaadsan, Reera-Same, Adan Yoonis, Maxaad, DHuxul, Da,uud, samatar, faarax, rooble and allaale .
Cumar Abokor,Cumarjamac, Tagaleen, Fiqicilmi, Dhaweed, Odeymarke, Naleeye, Fiqinuur, Cumar-maxamud,

Fiqicigal, Reer-ismail, Reer-qaasin, and Reer-sacdi

Dabruube, Barsuug, Bajimaal

Qaldho Dir

Baabili, Nooleh and others

Suure (Qubeys and Abdalle)

Maxamed Gutaale(Habar deel)

Samater naaleye and Maxamud Naaleye.

Abdalle (Gutaale)

Abdi Abdalle

Fiqi Muxumed, Cumar Fiqi, Mohamuud Fiqi, Muuse Fiqi, Fiqi Mumin, Fiqi Ahmed(Plus 10 more sub-clans)
Reer Hogar, Laxmar

Nacadoor

Guuled, Xaraan, Ciise, Qotonsay, Cirday, Giir and Kaahin

Goorad

Samkaab, Faahiye and others

Sulayman Abdalle

Muusa, Samatar Muusa, Agoon (Guuled Agoon, Warsame Agoon, Cigaal Agoon, Jalaf Agoon)
Dabac, Fiqi Khayre, Cumar Muusa, Sacad Cumar and Naaleeye Cumar(Lafjoogsato)
Haarun Muusa, Siyaad Muusa, Bayr Muusa, Cabas Muusa and Food Cade Muusa

Qubeys

Tolweyne Qubeys and Reytoonle
Faqi Cumar, Reroow Caalin, Yabarcade Faqi Cumar and Fiqi Walaal (Aw-caalin, Xaaji Cabdalle)
Samafale,Maxamud weyne, Aw-Cisman, Maxamud Yare and Xassan Faqi Cumar
Rooble Cismaan (Faarax, Weheliye, Maxamed) and Aw-Macalin (Macalin Muxumed, Macalin Yusuf, Sheekh Cali, Macalin Macow).
Heeraar and Fiqi Yaxye, Caalin Mooge and Maxamed Abtiudug, Axadoobe Qubeys, Cismaan Diidshe (Cismaan Iyiinta)and Cabdalle Diidshe (Cabaas Iyiinta).
Yabadhaale Qubeys, Wayaagle, Yabarow, Xasan, Cumar, Xeefoow, Faarax, Maxamuud, Dhaayoow, Miidkasse, Axmed faarax and Afrax faarax

Reference

From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Original article here. Support Wikipedia by contributing or donating.
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License See Wikipedia Copyrights for details.