Dolphin class submarine

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The Dolphin class is a non-nuclear (SSK) type of submarine developed and constructed by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft AG (HDW) for the Israeli Navy. It is the predecessor to and similar in design to the German Type 212 submarine. The main differences are in size (1,640-ton for the Dolphin class vs. 1,500-ton for Type 212) and propulsion (conventional diesel-electric rather than the fuel cell air-independent propulsion (AIP) incorporated into the Type 212). The Dolphin boats are considered to be some of the most sophisticated and capable conventional submarines in the world.

In the fall of 2005, Israel and Germany reached an agreement for the purchase of two additional submarines from Germany. One third of the 1 billion euro cost will be donated by Germany while the rest will be paid for by Israel. These boats are expected to be similar to the advanced Type 214 or Type 212A submarines, modified to about 2,000 ton displacement and propelled by AIP systems. Press reports have also indicated that Israel is interested in outfitting its existing Dolphin fleet with AIP systems and other upgrades.

Contents

1 Ships
2 General Characteristics
3 References
4 Disambiguation

Ships

Dolphin 5/1998
Leviathan 1999
Tekumah 1999

The first two (Dolphin + Leviathan) were donated by Germany, only the third (Tekumah) was purchased by Israel (Germany still paid for half of the costs). During the first Gulf War, German firms were accused of helping Iraq with her chemical weapons program, which lead to protests in both Germany and Israel. To calm Israeli feelings, compensate Israel for economical losses and keep German shipyards occupied, Helmut Kohl decided to donate the two submarines.[link] The Dolphins have replaced the aging Gal class submarines which served in the Israeli navy since the late-1970's.

General Characteristics

Displacement: 1,640 tons surfaced, 1,900 tons submerged
Diving depth: at least 200 m
Dimensions: 57 x 6.8 x 6.2 meters (187 x 22.5 x 20.5 feet)
Propulsion: Diesel-electric, 3 diesels, 1 shaft, 4,243 shp, 20 knots
Crew: 35
Armament: 6 x 21 inch torpedo tubes (Sub-Harpoon Missile launch capable), 4 x 25.5 inch diameter torpedo tubes. Also able to deploy mines.

It is widely suspected that the four larger 25.5 inch torpedo tubes could be capable of launching nuclear-armed Popeye Turbo cruise missiles with a range of up to 1500 km [link], as well as launching underwater swimmer delivery vehicles [link].

References

FAS: http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/israel/sub/
Israel Submariners' Association: http://www.dolphin.org.il/dolphins/
Naval Technology: http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/dolphin/

Disambiguation

USS Dolphin (SS-169) and USS Dolphin (AGSS-555), unique submarines of the United States Navy. When there is only one-of-a-kind ship made for the US Navy, it is called a "type" ship rather than a "class" of ship, therefore when a person refers to the "Dolphin-class" they are probably referring to the German made submarines such as those sold to Israel.

The Dutch navy also had a Dolfijn-class diesel-electric submarine, with a unique internal layout of three pressurized cylinders configured in a triangle.

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