Dot (diacritic)
Encyclopedia : D : DO : DOT : Dot (diacritic)
| Diacritical marks |
|---|
accent
caron / háček ( ˇ ) cedilla ( ¸ ) circumflex ( ˆ ) diaeresis / umlaut ( ¨ ) dot ( · )
macron ( ˉ ) ogonek ( ˛ ) ring / kroužek ( ˚ ) rough breathing / spiritus asper ( ʽ ) smooth breathing / spiritus lenis ( ʼ ) |
| Marks sometimes used as diacritics |
|
apostrophe ( ’ ) bar ( colon ( : ) comma ( , ) hyphen ( ˗ ) tilde ( ˜ ) titlo ( ҃ ) |
When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot is usually reserved for the Interpunct (·), or to the glyphs 'combining dot above' ( ̇) and 'combining dot below' ( ̣) which may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in use in Eastern European languages and Vietnamese.
Example characters: ċ/Ċ from Maltese and Irish Gaelic (old orthography), ė/Ė from Lithuanian, ġ/Ġ from Maltese and Irish Gaelic (old orthography), ż/Ż from Polish, etc. In Irish Gaelic the dot is called a sí buailte.
Usage
In Vietnamese, the nặng (low, glottal) tone is repesented with a dot below the base vowel: ạ ặ ậ ẹ ệ ị ọ ộ ợ ụ ự ỵ. The dot above the lowercase i and j (and uppercase İ in Turkish) is not seen as a dot, but rather as part of the character, and the double dots above several Latin letters such as ä, ë etc. are not dots either, but are umlauts or diaereses.In romanizations of Semitic languages, a dot below a consonant is used to indicate the "emphatic version" of that consonant. E.g. ṣ represents emphatic s. In Arabic romanization in particular, ġ is for ghayin.
In IAST and National Library at Calcutta romanization, transcribing Indic languages, a dot below a letter indicates retroflex consonants, while an underdot signifies emphatic consonants.
In Yoruba, the dot is used below the o, the e and the s: those three letters can also occur without dot as another letter.
In mathematics and physics the dot denotes the time derivative as in [v=\dot].
External links
See also
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