Duma (epic)
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A Duma (Ukrainian: Дума) (dumy - plural) is a sung (in recitative, in a particular Dorian mode with raised fourth degree) epic poem which originated in Ukraine during the Hetmanate Era, i.e. in the sixteenth and seventeenth-century, possibly based on earlier Kievan epic forms. Historically, dumy were performed by itinerant Cossack bards called kobzari, who accompanied themselves with a kobza or a torban, but after the abolition of Hetmanate by the Empress Katherine of Russia it became the domain of blind itinerant musicians who retained the kobzar apellation, who accompanied their singing by playing a bandura (rarely a kobza) or a relya/lira (a Ukrainian variety of hurdy-gurdy).
See also
- [Duma] at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine.
- [link]- A "History of Music in Ukraine during the Hetmanate Era" with many audio files.
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