Eógan II of Strathclyde

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Eógan II of Strathclyde (Latin: Eugenius; Modern Gaelic Eòghann; Modern Welsh: Owain), also known by his Latin-derived nickname, Eugenius Calvus or "Owen the Bald", was ruler of the Kingdom of Strathclyde for some period in the early eleventh century.

Eógan was present, according to Symeon of Durham, at the Battle of Carham in 1018. There is no direct evidence that he died at that battle,Symeon of Durham, Historia Regum Angliae, in

T. Arnold (ed.) Symeonis Dunelmensis Opera Omnia, (Rolls Series, 1882), vol. ii, pp. 155-56; translated and quoted in Alan Orr Anderson, Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers: AD 500–1286, (London, 1908), republished, Marjorie Anderson (ed.) (Stamford, 1991), p. 82. but the Welsh Annals record that a "Eugein son of Dumnagual" died 82 years before 1097, i.e. in the year 1015.Alan Orr Anderson, Early Sources of Scottish History: AD 500–1286, 2 Vols, (Edinburgh, 1922), vol. i, p. 550. Nothing else is said of this character, but it is routinely assumed to be Eógan II of Strathclyde, and the entry is routinely taken as a mistake for 1018 in order to make Eógain a casualty of the battle.e.g. Alan MacQuarrie, "The Kings of Strathclyde", in A. Grant & K.Stringer (eds.) Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community, Essays Presented to G.W.S. Barrow, (Edinburgh, 1993), pp. 16-7.

Eógan's supposed death at Carham in 1018 is sometimes taken to be the end of the Kingdom of Strathclyde, and it is for this reason that Eógan is perhaps the most well-known Strathclyde monarch. However, more recent research has shown this to be flawed, that this idea is routed in the flaws of John Fordun, and that the Kingdom may very well have survived until the reign of King David I of Scotland, who took the Scottish throne in 1123.Archibald Duncan, The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence, (Edinburgh, 2002), pp. 38-41; Richard Oram, David I: The King who made Scotland, (Gloucestershire, 2004); Dauvit Broun, "The Welsh Identity of the Kingdom of Strathclyde", in The Innes Review, Vol. 55, no. 2 (Autumn, 2004), pp. 33-40. The next known ruler of Strathclyde is Máel Coluim II.

Notes

References

Anderson, Alan Orr, Early Sources of Scottish History: AD 500–1286, 2 Vols, (Edinburgh, 1922)
Anderson, Alan Orr, Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers: AD 500–1286, (London, 1908), republished, Marjorie Anderson (ed.) (Stamford, 1991)
Broun, Dauvit, "The Welsh Identity of the Kingdom of Strathclyde", in The Innes Review, Vol. 55, no. 2 (Autumn, 2004), pp. 111-80
Duncan, A.A.M. The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence, (Edinburgh, 2002)
MacQuarrie, Alan, "The Kings of Strathclyde", in A. Grant & K.Stringer (eds.) Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community, Essays Presented to G.W.S. Barrow, (Edinburgh, 1993), pp. 1-19
Oram, Richard, David I: The King who made Scotland, (Gloucestershire, 2004)
Smyth, Alfred, Warlords and Holy Men, (Edinburgh, 1984)

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