Edoardo Scarfoglio
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Edoardo Scarfoglio (1860–1917). Italian author and journalist, one of the early practitioners in Italian fiction of realism, a style of writing characterized by direct, speech-based language, as opposed to the more flowery writing of earlier literature. Scarfoglio was born in Paganica in the Abruzzi area of Italy but lived and worked in Naples much of his life.
As a writer of fiction, his early reputation rests on the novella, The Trial of Phryne, published in 1884, a retelling—set in small-town Italy of the late nineteenth century—of the trial of Phryne, a Greek courtesan from the fourth century, b.c. In Scarfoglio's version, a young woman, Mariantonia, guilty of murder, is acquitted simply because she is beautiful. Scarfoglio's tale is well known even to Italians who have not actually read the novella, since it was the basis for an episode in Alessandro Blasetti's popular 1952 film, Altri Tempi (Other Times), starring Gina Lollobrigida as Phryne/Mariantonia.
As a journalist, Scarfoglio and his wife, Matilde Serao, the best-known woman writer in Italy at the time, founded a number of newspapers, most prominent of which was Il Mattino in Naples, still the largest daily newspaper in the city. He and his wife were responsible for moving Naples into the mainstream of Italian journalism in the early twentieth century by serializing the works of writers such as D'Annunzio. As an editorialist in his own paper, Scarfoglio supported such things as Italian expansionism in Africa and the Aegean in the 1890s. He is the father of journalists Carlo Scarfoglio and Antonio Scarfoglio.
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