Engler system

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One of the prime systems of plant taxonomy, the Engler system was devised by Adolf Engler.

According to Engler, Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien (1924) the main groups of plants are:

I. divisio Schizophyta
II. divisio Phytosarcodina
III. divisio Flagellatae
IV. divisio Dinoflagellatae
V. divisio Bacillariophyta
VI. divisio Conjugatae
VII. divisio Chlorophyceae
VIII. divisio Charophyta
IX. divisio Phaeophyceae
X. divisio Rhodophyceae
XI. divisio Eumycetes
XII. divisio Embryophyta asiphonogama
:1 subdivisio Bryophyta
:2 subdivisio Pteridophyta
XIII. divisio Embryophyta siphonogama
:1 subdivisio Gymnospermae
:2 subdivisio Angiospermae
::1 classis Monocotyledoneae
::2 classis Dicotyledoneae

In modern classifications, Engler's divisions I - XI are not considered plants but are classified in other groups (although some botanists do accept Engler's divisions VII and VIII, the "green algae", as plants).

Angiospermae

The internal taxonomy of the Angiospermae according to

: (also known as Melchior system or modified Engler system):
:2 subdivisio Angiospermae
::1 classis Monocotyledoneae
::::ordo Helobiae
::::: subordo Alismatineae
:::::: Alismataceae
:::::: Butomaceae
::::: subordo Hydrocharitineae
:::::: Hydrocharitaceae
::::: subordo Scheuchzeriineae
:::::: Scheuchzeriaceae
::::: subordo Potamogetonineae
:::::: Aponogetonaceae
:::::: Juncaginaceae
:::::: Potamogetonaceae
:::::: Najadaceae
:::::: Zannichelliaceae
::::ordo Triuridales
:::::: Triuridaceae
::::ordo Liliiflorae
::::: subordo Liliineae
:::::: Liliaceae
:::::: Xanthorrhoeaceae
:::::: Stemonaceae
:::::: Agavaceae
:::::: Haemodoraceae
:::::: Cyanastraceae
:::::: Amaryllidaceae
:::::: Hypoxidaceae
:::::: Velloziaceae
:::::: Taccaceae
:::::: Dioscoreaceae
::::: subordo Pontederiineae
:::::: Pontederiaceae
::::: subordo Iridineae
:::::: Iridaceae
:::::: Geosiridaceae
::::: subordo Burmanniineae
:::::: Burmanniaceae
:::::: Corsiaceae
::::: subordo Philydrineae
:::::: Philydraceae
::::ordo Juncales
:::::: Juncaceae
:::::: Thurniaceae
::::ordo Bromeliales
:::::: Bromeliaceae
::::ordo Commelinales
::::: subordo Commelinineae
:::::: Commelinaceae
:::::: Xyridaceae
:::::: Mayacaceae
:::::: Rapateaceae
::::: subordo Eriocaulineae
:::::: Eriocaulaceae
::::: subordo Restionineae
:::::: Restionaceae
:::::: Centrolepidaceae
::::: subordo Flagellariineae
:::::: Flagellariaceae
::::ordo Graminales
:::::: Gramineae or Poaceae
::::ordo Principes
:::::: Palmae or Arecaceae
::::ordo Synanthae
:::::: Cyclanthaceae
::::ordo Spathiflorae
:::::: Araceae
:::::: Lemnaceae
::::ordo Pandanales
:::::: Pandanaceae
:::::: Sparganiaceae
:::::: Typhaceae
::::ordo Cyperales
:::::: Cyperaceae
::::ordo Scitamineae
:::::: Musaceae
:::::: Zingiberaceae
:::::: Cannaceae
:::::: Marantaceae
:::::: Lowiaceae
::::ordo Microspermae
:::::: Orchidaceae
:::2 classis Dicotyledoneae
::::1 subclassis Archychlamydeae
::::ordo Casuarinales
:::::: Casuarinaceae
::::ordo Juglandales
:::::: Myricaceae
:::::: Juglandaceae
::::ordo Balanopales
:::::: Balanopaceae
::::ordo Leitneriales
:::::: Leitneriaceae
:::::: Didymelaceae
::::ordo Salicales
:::::: Salicaceae
::::ordo Fagales
:::::: Betulaceae
:::::: Fagaceae
::::ordo Urticales
:::::: Rhoipteleaceae
:::::: Ulmaceae
:::::: Moraceae
:::::: Urticaceae
:::::: Eucommiaceae
::::ordo Proteales
:::::: Proteaceae
::::ordo Santalales
:::::subordo Santalineae
:::::: Olacaceae
:::::: Dipentodontaceae
:::::: Opiliaceae
:::::: Grubbiaceae
:::::: Santalaceae
:::::: Misodendraceae
:::::subordo Loranthineae
:::::: Loranthaceae
::::ordo Balanophorales
:::::: Balanophoraceae
::::ordo Medusandrales
:::::: Medusandraceae
::::ordo Polygonales
:::::: Polygonaceae
::::ordo Centrospermae
:::::subordo Phytolaccineae
:::::: Phytolaccaceae
:::::: Gyrostemonaceae
:::::: Achatocarpaceae
:::::: Nyctaginaceae
:::::: Molluginaceae
:::::: Aizoaceae
:::::subordo Portulacineae
:::::: Portulacaceae
:::::: Basellaceae
:::::subordo Caryophyllineae
:::::: Caryophyllaceae
:::::subordo Chenopodiineae
:::::: Dysphaniaceae
:::::: Chenopodiaceae
:::::: Amaranthaceae
:::::incertae sedis
:::::: Didiereaceae
::::ordo Cactales
:::::: Cactaceae
::::ordo Magnoliales
:::::: Magnoliaceae
:::::: Degeneriaceae
:::::: Himantandraceae
:::::: Winteraceae
:::::: Annonaceae
:::::: Eupomatiaceae
:::::: Myristicaceae
:::::: Canellaceae
:::::: Schisandraceae
:::::: Illiciaceae
:::::: Austrobaileyaceae
:::::: Trimeniaceae
:::::: Amborellaceae
:::::: Monimiaceae
:::::: Calycanthaceae
:::::: Gomortegaceae
:::::: Lauraceae
:::::: Hernandiaceae
:::::: Tetracentraceae
:::::: Trochodendraceae
:::::: Eupteleaceae
:::::: Cercidiphyllaceae
::::ordo Ranunculales
::::: subordo Ranunculineae
:::::: Ranunculaceae
:::::: Berberidaceae
:::::: Sargentodoxaceae
:::::: Lardizabalaceae
:::::: Menispermaceae
::::: subordo Nymphaeineae
:::::: Nymphaeaceae
:::::: Ceratophyllaceae
::::ordo Piperales
:::::: Saururaceae
:::::: Piperaceae
:::::: Chloranthaceae
:::::: Lactoridaceae
::::ordo Aristolochiales
:::::: Aristolochiaceae
:::::: Rafflesiaceae
:::::: Hydnoraceae
::::ordo Guttiferales
::::: subordo Dilleniineae
:::::: Dilleniaceae
:::::: Paeoniaceae
:::::: Crossosomataceae
:::::: Medusagynaceae
:::::: Actinidiaceae
:::::: Eucryphiaceae
::::: subordo Ochnineae
:::::: Ochnaceae
:::::: Dioncophyllaceae
:::::: Strasburgeriaceae
:::::: Dipterocarpaceae
::::: subordo Theineae
:::::: Theaceae
:::::: Caryocaraceae
:::::: Marcgraviaceae
:::::: Quiinaceae
:::::: Guttiferae or Clusiaceae
::::: subordo Ancistrocladineae
:::::: Ancistrocladaceae
::::ordo Sarraceniales
:::::: Sarraceniaceae
:::::: Nepenthaceae
:::::: Droseraceae
::::ordo Papaverales
::::: subordo Papaverineae
:::::: Papaveraceae
::::: subordo Capparineae
:::::: Capparaceae
:::::: Cruciferae or Brassicaceae
:::::: Tovariaceae
::::: subordo Resedineae
:::::: Resedaceae
::::: subordo Moringineae
:::::: Moringaceae
::::ordo Batales
:::::: Bataceae
::::ordo Rosales
::::: subordo Hamamelidineae
:::::: Platanaceae
:::::: Hamamelidaceae
:::::: Myrothamnaceae
::::: subordo Saxifragineae
:::::: Crassulaceae
:::::: Cephalotaceae
:::::: Saxifragaceae
:::::: Brunelliaceae
:::::: Cunoniaceae
:::::: Davidsoniaceae
:::::: Pittosporaceae
:::::: Byblidaceae
:::::: Roridulaceae
:::::: Bruniaceae
::::: subordo Rosineae
:::::: Rosaceae
:::::: Neuradaceae
:::::: Chrysobalanaceae
::::: subordo Leguminosineae
:::::: Connaraceae
:::::: Leguminosae or Fabaceae
:::::: Krameriaceae
::::ordo Hydrostachyales
:::::: Hydrostachyaceae
::::ordo Podostemales
:::::: Podostemaceae
::::ordo Geraniales
::::: subordo Limnanthineae
:::::: Limnanthaceae
::::: subordo Geraniineae
:::::: Oxalidaceae
:::::: Geraniaceae
:::::: Tropaeolaceae
:::::: Zygophyllaceae
:::::: Linaceae
:::::: Erythroxylaceae
::::: subordo Euphorbiineae
:::::: Euphorbiaceae
:::::: Daphniphyllaceae
::::ordo Rutales
::::: subordo Rutineae
:::::: Rutaceae
:::::: Cneoraceae
:::::: Simaroubaceae
:::::: Picrodendraceae
:::::: Burseraceae
:::::: Meliaceae
::::: subordo Malpighiineae
:::::: Malpighiaceae
:::::: Trigoniaceae
:::::: Vochysiaceae
::::: subordo Polygalineae
:::::: Tremandraceae
:::::: Polygalaceae
::::ordo Sapindales
::::: subordo Coriariineae
:::::: Coriariaceae
::::: subordo Anacardiineae
:::::: Anacardiaceae
::::: subordo Sapindineae
:::::: Aceraceae
:::::: Bretschneideraceae
:::::: Sapindaceae
:::::: Hippocastanaceae
:::::: Sabiaceae
:::::: Melianthaceae
:::::: Aextoxicaceae
::::: subordo Balsamineae
:::::: Balsaminaceae
::::ordo Julianiales
:::::: Julianiaceae
::::ordo Celastrales
::::: subordo Celastrineae
:::::: Cyrillaceae
:::::: Pentaphylacaceae
:::::: Aquifoliaceae
:::::: Corynocarpaceae
:::::: Pandaceae
:::::: Celastraceae
:::::: Staphyleaceae
:::::: Hippocrateaceae
:::::: Stackhousiaceae
:::::: Salvadoraceae
::::: subordo Buxineae
:::::: Buxaceae
::::: subordo Icacinineae
:::::: Icacinaceae
:::::: Cardiopteridaceae
::::ordo Rhamnales
:::::: Rhamnaceae
:::::: Vitaceae
:::::: Leeaceae
::::ordo Malvales
:::::: subordo Elaeocarpineae
:::::: Elaeocarpaceae
::::: subordo Sarcolaenineae
:::::: Sarcolaenaceae
::::: subordo Malvineae
:::::: Tiliaceae
:::::: Malvaceae
:::::: Bombacaceae
:::::: Sterculiaceae
::::: subordo Scytopetalineae
:::::: Scytopetalaceae
::::ordo Thymelaeales
:::::: Geissolomataceae
:::::: Penaeaceae
:::::: Dichapetalaceae
:::::: Thymelaeaceae
:::::: Elaeagnaceae
::::ordo Violales
::::: subordo Flacourtiineae
:::::: Flacourtiaceae
:::::: Peridiscaceae
:::::: Violaceae
:::::: Stachyuraceae
:::::: Scyphostegiaceae
:::::: Turneraceae
:::::: Malesherbiaceae
:::::: Passifloraceae
:::::: Achariaceae
::::: subordo Cistineae
:::::: Cistaceae
:::::: Bixaceae
:::::: Sphaerosepalaceae
:::::: Cochlospermaceae
::::: subordo Tamaricineae
:::::: Tamaricaceae
:::::: Frankeniaceae
:::::: Elatinaceae
::::: subordo Caricineae
:::::: Caricaceae
::::: subordo Loasineae
:::::: Loasaceae
::::: subordo Begoniineae
:::::: Datiscaceae
:::::: Begoniaceae
::::ordo Cucurbitales
:::::: Cucurbitaceae
::::ordo Myrtiflorae
::::: subordo Myrtineae
:::::: Lythraceae
:::::: Trapaceae
:::::: Crypteroniaceae
:::::: Myrtaceae
:::::: Dialypetalanthaceae
:::::: Sonneratiaceae
:::::: Punicaceae
:::::: Lecythidaceae
:::::: Melastomataceae
:::::: Rhizophoraceae
:::::: Combretaceae
:::::: Onagraceae
:::::: Oliniaceae
:::::: Haloragaceae
:::::: Theligonaceae
::::: subordo Hippuridineae
:::::: Hippuridaceae
::::: subordo Cynomoriineae
:::::: Cynomoriaceae
::::ordo Umbelliflorae
:::::: Alangiaceae
:::::: Nyssaceae
:::::: Davidiaceae
:::::: Cornaceae
:::::: Garryaceae
:::::: Araliaceae
:::::: Umbelliferae or Apiaceae
:::2 subclassis Sympetalae
::::ordo Diapensiales
:::::: Diapensiaceae
::::ordo Ericales
:::::: Clethraceae
:::::: Pyrolaceae
:::::: Ericaceae
:::::: Empetraceae
:::::: Epacridaceae
::::ordo Primulales
:::::: Theophrastaceae
:::::: Myrsinaceae
:::::: Primulaceae
::::ordo Plumbaginales
:::::: Plumbaginaceae
::::ordo Ebenales
::::: subordo Sapotineae
:::::: Sapotaceae
:::::: Sarcospermataceae
::::: subordo Ebenineae
:::::: Ebenaceae
:::::: Styracaceae
:::::: Lissocarpaceae
:::::: Symplocaceae
:::::: Hoplestigmataceae
::::ordo Oleales
:::::: Oleaceae
::::ordo Gentianales
:::::: Loganiaceae
:::::: Desfontainiaceae
:::::: Gentianaceae
:::::: Menyanthaceae
:::::: Apocynaceae
:::::: Asclepiadaceae
:::::: Rubiaceae
::::ordo Tubiflorae
::::: subordo Convolvulineae
:::::: Polemoniaceae
:::::: Fouquieriaceae
:::::: Convolvulaceae
::::: subordo Boraginineae
:::::: Hydrophyllaceae
:::::: Boraginaceae
:::::: Lennoaceae
::::: subordo Verbenineae
:::::: Verbenaceae
:::::: Callitrichaceae
:::::: Labiatae or Lamiaceae
::::: subordo Solanineae
:::::: Nolanaceae
:::::: Solanaceae
:::::: Duckeodendraceae
:::::: Buddlejaceae
:::::: Scrophulariaceae
:::::: Globulariaceae
:::::: Bignoniaceae
:::::: Henriqueziaceae
:::::: Acanthaceae
:::::: Pedaliaceae
:::::: Martyniaceae
:::::: Gesneriaceae
:::::: Columelliaceae
:::::: Orobanchaceae
:::::: Lentibulariaceae
::::: subordo Myoporineae
:::::: Myoporaceae
::::: subordo Phrymineae
:::::: Phrymaceae
::::ordo Plantaginales
:::::: Plantaginaceae
::::ordo Dipsacales
:::::: Caprifoliaceae
:::::: Adoxaceae
:::::: Valerianaceae
:::::: Dipsacaceae
::::ordo Campanulales
:::::: Campanulaceae
:::::: Sphenocleaceae
:::::: Pentaphragmataceae
:::::: Goodeniaceae
:::::: Brunoniaceae
:::::: Stylidiaceae
:::::: Calyceraceae
:::::: Compositae or Asteraceae

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