Erwinia amylovora

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Erwinia amylovora is a bacterial pathogen of plants of the Rosacea family, and causes a disease known as Fireblight on apple and pear.

After the pathogen gains entry to the plant through nectathodes, hydathodes, or wounds, it uses a syringe-like complex of proteins known as the Type-3-secretion system (T3SS) to inject virulence factors into the plant's cells and intracellular spaces. These virulence factors, also called effectors, can block plant defenses and allow the bacterium to persist and cause disease.

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