Federacy
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A federacy is form of government, which shares features of both a federation and unitary state. In a federacy one (or more) of the constituent parts of the country is autonomous, while the constituent parts are not completely autonomous. An example of such an arrangement is Finland, where Åland, which has the status of autonomous province, has considerably more autonomy than other Finnish provinces. The autonomous constituent part enjoys independence as though it was part of federation, while the other constituent parts are as independent as subunits in a unitary state. The autonomous subunits are often former colonial possessions. These autonomous subunits often have a special status in international relations.
A federacy differs from a devolved state, like the United Kingdom because in a devolved state the central government can revoke the independence of the subunits without changing the constitution. It also differs from an associated state, like Micronesia association to the United States, because the associated status are de jure independent international entities.
Examples
| Country Name | Independent subunits | Dependent subunits |
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom of the Netherlands | Aruba, Netherlands Antilles | twelve provinves of the Netherlands |
| Denmark | Faroe Islands, Greenland | thirteen counties, to be replaced by five regions |
| Finland | Åland | nineteen regions |
| United Kingdom | Channel Islands (Guernsey and Jersey), Isle of Man | England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales |
| France | New Caledonia | 26 régions, four collectivités d'outre-mer, one territoire d'outre-mer |
References
Elazar, D.J. Federal Systems of the World: A Handbook of Federal, Confederal and Autonomy Arrangements (1991) Essex
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