Ghost knifefish
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The ghost knifefishes are a family, Apteronotidae, of knifefishes. They are distinguished from other gymnotiform fishes by the presence of a caudal fin, and can be found in the neotropical regions of South America.
The black ghost knifefish (Apteronotus albifrons) and brown ghost knifefish (Apteronotus leptorhynchus) are readily available as aquarium fish.
Species
FishBase lists 47 species in thirteen genera.["Apteronotidae"]. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. February 2006 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2006. A number of additional species have been discovered recently, for example Apteronotus milesi in 2005, and many more are expected to be found.- Genus Adontosternarchus
- * Adontosternarchus balaenops (Cope, 1878).
- * Adontosternarchus clarkae Mago-Leccia, Lundberg & Baskin, 1985.
- * Adontosternarchus devenanzii Mago-Leccia, Lundberg & Baskin, 1985.
- * Adontosternarchus sachsi (Peters, 1877).
- Genus Apteronotus
- * Black ghost knifefish, Apteronotus albifrons (Linnaeus, 1766).
- * Apteronotus apurensis Fernández-Yépez, 1968.
- * Apteronotus bonapartii (Castelnau, 1855).
- * Apteronotus brasiliensis (Reinhardt, 1852).
- * Apteronotus caudimaculosus Santana, 2003.
- * Apteronotus cuchillejo (Schultz, 1949).
- * Apteronotus cuchillo Schultz, 1949.
- * Apteronotus ellisi (Alonso de Arámburu, 1957).
- * Apteronotus eschmeyeri Santana, Maldonado-Ocampo, Severi & Mendes, 2004.
- * Apteronotus jurubidae (Fowler, 1944).
- * Brown ghost knifefish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus (Ellis, 1912).
- * Apteronotus macrolepis (Steindachner, 1881).
- * Apteronotus macrostomus (Günther, 1870).
- * Apteronotus magdalenensis (Miles, 1945).
- * Apteronotus marauna (Triques, 1998).
- * Apteronotus mariae (Eigenmann & Fisher, 1914).
- * Apteronotus milesi de Santana & Maldonado-Ocampo, 2005.
- * Apteronotus rostratus (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913).
- * Apteronotus spurrellii (Regan, 1914).
- Genus Compsaraia
- * Compsaraia compsa (Mago-Leccia, 1994).
- Genus Magosternarchus
- * Magosternarchus duccis Lundberg, Cox Fernandes & Albert, 1996.
- * Magosternarchus raptor Lundberg, Cox Fernandes & Albert, 1996.
- Genus Megadontognathus
- * Megadontognathus cuyuniense Mago-Leccia, 1994.
- * Megadontognathus kaitukaensis Campos-da-paz, 1999.
- Genus Orthosternarchus
- * Orthosternarchus tamandua (Boulenger, 1898).
- Genus Parapteronotus
- * Parapteronotus hasemani (Ellis, 1913).
- Genus Platyurosternarchus
- * Platyurosternarchus macrostomus (Günther, 1870).
- Genus Porotergus
- * Porotergus gimbeli Ellis, 1912.
- * Porotergus gymnotus Ellis, 1912.
- Genus Sternarchella
- * Sternarchella curvioperculata Godoy, 1968.
- * Sternarchella orthos Mago-Leccia, 1994.
- * Sternarchella schotti (Steindachner, 1868).
- * Sternarchella sima Starks, 1913.
- * Sternarchella terminalis (Eigenmann & Allen, 1942).
- Genus Sternarchogiton
- * Sternarchogiton nattereri (Steindachner, 1868).
- * Sternarchogiton porcinum Eigenmann & Allen, 1942.
- Genus Sternarchorhamphus
- * Sternarchorhamphus muelleri (Castelnau, 1855).
- Genus Sternarchorhynchus
- * Sternarchorhynchus britskii Campos-da-Paz, 2000.
- * Sternarchorhynchus curumim de Santana & Crampton, 2006.
- * Sternarchorhynchus curvirostris (Boulenger, 1887).
- * Sternarchorhynchus mesensis Campos-da-Paz, 2000.
- * Sternarchorhynchus mormyrus (Steindachner, 1868).
- * Sternarchorhynchus oxyrhynchus (Müller & Troschel, 1849).
- * Rosen knifefish, Sternarchorhynchus roseni Mago-Leccia, 1994.
References
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