Glottal consonant
Encyclopedia : G : GL : GLO : Glottal consonant
| Places of articulation |
| Labial |
| Bilabial |
| Labial-velar |
| Labial-alveolar |
| Labiodental |
| Coronal |
| Linguolabial |
| Interdental |
| Dental |
| Alveolar |
| Apical |
| Laminal |
| Postalveolar |
| Alveolo-palatal |
| Retroflex |
| Dorsal |
| Palatal |
| Labial-palatal |
| Velar |
| Uvular |
| Uvular-epiglottal |
| Radical |
| Pharyngeal |
| Epiglotto-pharyngeal |
| Epiglottal |
| Glottal |
| This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [[International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Special_characters|[Help]]] |
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Place_of_articulation?action=edit [Edit]] |
Glottal consonants are consonants articulated with the glottis. Many phoneticians consider them, or at least the so-called fricatives, to be transitional states of the glottis without a point of articulation as other consonants have; in fact, some do not consider them to be consonants at all. However, the glottal stop at least behaves as a typical consonant in languages such as Tsou.
Glottal consonants in the International Phonetic Alphabet:
| IPA | Description | Example | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Language | Orthography | IPA | Meaning | ||
| voiceless glottal stop | Hawaiian | ‘okina | [ʔo.ˈki.na] | ‘okina |
| breathy voiced glottal "fricative" | Czech | Praha | [pra.ɦa] | Prague |
| voiceless glottal "fricative" | English | hat | [hæt] | hat |
The "fricatives" are not true fricatives. This is a historical usage of the word. They instead represent transitional states of the glottis (phonation) without a specific place of articulation. [h] is a voiceless transition. [ɦ] is a breathy-voiced transition, and could be transcribed as [h̤].
The glottal stop occurs in many languages. Often all vocalic onsets are preceded by a glottal stop, for example in German. The Hawaiian language writes the glottal stop as an opening single quote ‘. Some alphabets use diacritics for the glottal stop, such as hamza <ء> in the Arabic alphabet; in many languages of Mesoamerica, the Latin letter
Because the glottis is necessarily closed for the glottal stop, it cannot be voiced.
From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Original article here. Support Wikipedia by contributing or donating.See also
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License See Wikipedia Copyrights for details.