Hematoma

Encyclopedia : H : HE : HEM : Hematoma

Hematoma on an elbow, nine days after a blood sample was taken

Hematoma on a forearm, one day after repeated shocks

A hematoma, or haematoma, is a collection of blood, generally the result of hemorrhage, or, more specifically, internal bleeding. Hematomas exist as bruises (ecchymoses), but can also develop in organs.

Hematomas can gradually migrate, as the effused cells and pigment move in the connective tissue. For example, a patient who hurts the base of his thumb might cause a hematoma which will slowly move all through the finger within a week. Gravity is the main determinant of this process.

Hematomas on articulations can reduce mobility of a member and present roughly the same symptoms as a fracture.

Types

• Subdural hematoma
• Subarachnoid hematoma
• Epidural hematoma
• Perichondral hematoma
• Cephalohematoma

Degrees of hematoma

• hematoma - bruise
• purpures - hematoma of 1-2 mm diameter
• petechiae - hematoma of 3-5 mm diameter
• ecchymoses - hematoma of large diameter

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